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2 
8 
0 

3RARY  FAC 

r-     1 

4 

UNITED  STATES  TARIFF  COMMISSION 

WASHINGTON 


■HRIFF  INFORMATION  SURVEYS 


ON  THE  ARTICLES  IN 

PARAGRAPHS  83,  84,  85,  86,  87,  88,  89.  90,  and  95 
OF  THE  TARIFF  ACT  OF  1913 

AND  RELATED  ARTICLES  IN  OTHER  PARAGRAPHS 


GLASS  AND  GLASSWARE 

THE  GLASS  INDUSTRY,  GENERAL  CONDITIONS 
MINOR   GLASS   MANUFACTURING   PROCESSES 


Paragraph  83: 

Glass  Bottles 
Paragraph  84: 

Blown  Glassware 

Chemical  Glassware.   (See  par.  91) 

Paragraph  85: 

Cylinder  or  Window  Glass  (Unpol- 
ished) 

Paragraph  86: 

Cylinder  or  Window  Glass  (Polished) 
Paragraph  87: 

Plate  Glass  (Rolled  and  Rough) 


Paragraph  88: 

Plate  Glass  (Cast,  Polished) 
Paragraph  89: 

Silvered  Glass 
Paragraph  90: 

Plate  and  Window  Glass  (Bent, 
Ground  or  Otherwise  Manufac 
tured) 

Paragraph  95: 

Stained  Glass  Windows 

Small  Mirrors 

Incandescent  Light  Bulbs  and  Lamps 


ifornia 
►nal 

ty 


REVISED  EDITION 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
LOS  ANGELES 


SEP  2  6  1955 


LIBRARY 
GOVT.  PUBS.  ROOM 


B-9 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  I'lUNTING  OFFICE 

1021 


UNITED  STATES  TARIFF  COMMISSION 

WASHINGTON 


TARIFF  INFORMATION  SURVEYS 

ON  THE  ARTICLES  IN 

PARAGRAPHS  83,  84,  85,  86,  87,  88,  89.  90,  and  95 
OF  THE  TARIFF  ACT  OF  1913 

AND  RELATED  ARTICLES  IN  OTHER  PARAGRAPHS 


GLASS  AND  GLASSWARE 

THE  GLASS  INDUSTRY,  GENERAL  CONDITIONS 
MINOR   GLASS    MANUFACTURING    PROCESSES 


Paragraph  83: 

Glass  Bottles 
Paragraph  81: 

Blown  Glassware 

Chemical  Glassware.    (See  par.  91) 

Paragraph  85: 

Cylinder  or  Window  Glass  (Unpol- 
ished) 

Paragraph  86: 

Cylinder  or  Window  Glass  (Polished) 
Paragraph  87: 

Plate  Glass  (Rolled  and  Rough) 


Paragraph  88: 

Plate  Glass  (Cast,  Polished) 
Paragraph  89: 

Silvered  Glass 
Paragraph  90: 

Plate  and  Window  Glass  (Bent, 
Ground  or  Otherwise  Manufac 
turod) 

Paragraph  95: 

Stained  Glass  Windows 

Small  Mirrors 

Incandescent  Light  Bulbs  and  Lamps 


REVISED  EDITION 


B-9 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING   OFKICIC 

1921 


UNITED  STATES  TARIFF  COMMISSION. 

Office:  Eighth  and  E  Streets  NW.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

COMMISSIONERS. 

Thomas  Walker  Page,  Chairman. 
Thomas  O.  Marvin,  Vice  Chairman. 
David  J.  Lewis. 
William  S.  Culbertson. 
Edward  P.  Costigan. 

John  F.  Bethl^ne,  Secretary. 


ADDITIONAL  COPIES 

OF  THIS  PUBLICATION  MAY  BE  PROCURED  FROM 

THE  SUPERINTENDENT  OF  DOCUMENTS 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING   OFFICE 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

AT 

10  CENTS  PER  COPY 


V 


0^ 
PREFACE. 


This  is  one  of  a  series  of  Tariff  Information  Surveys  prepared,  by 
the  United  States  Tariff  Commission  and  transmitted  to  the  Com- 
mittee on  Ways  and  Means.  The  series  covers  all  of  the  articles 
and  commodities  provided  for  in  the  tariff  act  of  October  3,  1913, 
and  others  not  specificalh^  provided  for.  It  is  arranged  in  the 
numerical  order  of  paragraphs  of  that  act. 

In  some  cases  two  or  more  paragraphs  have  been  combined  in  one 
pamplilet.  In  doing  this,  industrial  relationship  of  the  articles  has 
been  followed  Avhen  possible.  In  those  instances  where  a  paragraph 
has  been  treated  under  a  preceding  paragraph  of  the  tariff  act, 
reference  is  made  to  this  fact  at  the  point  where  the  paragraph 
appears  in  numerical  order.  Where  one  grade  of  an  article  is  dutiable 
and  another  grade  of  the  same  article  is  on  the  free  list,  the  article 
is  discussed  under  the  dutiable  paragraph,  which  appears  first  in 
numerical  order  in  the  tariff'  act.  In  certain  instances  articles  of 
close  industrial  relationship  and  which  occur  in  separate  paragraphs 
of  the  tariff  act  have  been  combined  under  one  paragraph  for  con- 
venience of  discussion.  Reference  is  made  to  this  fact  at  the  point 
where  the  commodities  would  naturally  occur  in  numerical  order. 

The  first  pamphlet  in  the  series  is  an  "Introduction  and  Index," 
which  contains: 

1.  An  introductory  chapter  discussing  the  scope  of  the  series  and 
the  general  method  of  treatment. 

2.  An  alphabetical  index  of  the  articles  provided  for  in  the  tariff 
act  of  1913,  showing  the  paragraph  of  the  act  in  which  the  article  is 
])rovided  for  and,  if  discussed  under  a  different  paragraph,  the 
number  of  such  paragraph. 

3.  A  list  of  the  pampldets  in  the  series,  showing  the  paragraphs 
and  articles  included  in  each  pamplilet. 

Thus  by  use  of  this  "Introduction  and  Index"  the  exact  location 
of  the  discussion  relating  to  a  given  article  or  commodity  can  be 
ascertained. 


In  the  preparation  of  this  report  the  Tariff  Commission  had  the 
services  of  Sanford  L.  Willis  of  the  Ceramics  Division  of  the  Com- 
mission's staff,  and  of  others. 

0 


CONTENTS. 


THE   GLASS   INDUSTRY,   GENERAL  CONDITIONS. 

Page. 

Summary  table 9 

Definition  and  description  of  glass 9 

Raw  materials 10 

Effect  of  domestic  natural  resources  on  the  industry: 

Raw  materials ' 10 

Fuel 10 

Manufacturing  factors: 

Equipment  and  labor 11 

Transportation 11 

General  conclusions  regarding  operating  conditions 12 

Trade  position  of  the  domestic  industry 12 

Exports 13 

Imports 13 

War  developments 14 

Foreign  production  and  competitive  conditions 14 

Statistics: 

Domestic  production — 

Census  figures  1914 15 

By  States 15 

By  products 15 

Imports  by  coimtries  and  products 16 

Imports  for  consufnption 18 

Domestic  exports  by  countries  and  products 21 

MINOR  GLASS  MANUFACTURING   OPERATIONS. 

Tari  ff  classification 24 

Enumeration  of  processes: 

Silvering 24 

Bending 25 

Obscuring 25 

Grinding 25 

Sand  blasting 25 

Etching 25 

Frosting 25 

Enameling 25 

Beveling 26 

Embossing 26 

Cutting  and  engraving 26 

Flashing 26 

Coloring  and  staining 26 

Painting  and  gilding  26 

Printing  and  liquid  gold  work 27 

Domestic  production 27 

Classification  of  decorative  processes 27 

Imports 27 

Tariff  history: 

Ornamented  and  decorated  ware 28 

Ornamented  plate  and  other  window  glass 28 

Silvered  glass  and  stainGd  glass  windows 29 

Tariff  considerations 29 

Production  of  decorated  glassware  in  the  United  States 30 

Imports  of  stained  windows  and  small  mirrors 30 

Rates  of  duty 31 

Court  and  Treasury  decisions 33 

6 


6  CONTENTS. 

BOTTLES,   VIALS,  JARS,   CARBOYS,   AND   DEMIJOHNS. 

Summary:  Page. 

Description 34 

Domestic  productiou 34 

Tariff  considerations 34 

Summary  table 35 

General  information: 

Tariff  classification 35 

Description 36 

Domestic  production — 

Materials 36 

Methods  of  production 36 

Organization 36 

Domestic  production  and  consumption 37 

Domestic  exports 37 

Foreign  production 38 

Imports 38 

Statistical  tables: 

Production  in  United  States  by  States 39 

Production  in  United  States  by  varieties 39 

Imports  by  countries,  1910  to  1918 39 

Imports  for  consumption — revenue 40 

Domestic  exports,  1913-1918 51 

Wholesale  prices,  1913-1917 52 

Rates  of  duty,  1883-1913,  inclusive 53 

Court  and  Treasury  decisions 54 

BLOWN  AND  PRESSED  WARE. 
Summary: 

Description 55 

Domestic  production • 55 

Rates  of  duty 55 

Tariff  considerations 55 

Summary  table 56 

General  information: 

Tariff  classification 57 

Description 57 

Domestic  production 57 

Materials 58 

Methods  of  production 58 

Lighting  ware 58 

Lamp  chimneys 58 

Cut  glass 58 

Organization 58 

Domestic  production  and  consumption 59 

Domestic  exports 59 

Foreign  production 59 

Imports 60 

Prices 60 

Tariff  history. 60 

Tariff  considerations 60 

Statistical  tables: 

Production  in  United  States 61 

Imports  by  countries 61 

Imports  for  consumption — revenue 62 

Domestic  exports 67 

WTholesale  prices 68 

Rates  of  duty 69 

Court  and  Treasury  decisions 70 

List  of  American  pressed  and  blown  ware  articles,  1917 72 

COMMON  WINDOW  GLASS,  CYLINDER. 

Cylinder  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished: 

Summary: 

Description 74 

Domestic  production 74 

Comparative  costs  of  production 74 


CONTEXTS.  7 

Summary — Continued.  I'ag^- 

Marhine-made  glass 75 

Tariff  considerations 75 

Summary  table 76 

General  information: 

Tariff  classification 76 

Domestic  production — 

Materials 77 

Equipment 77 

Methods  of  production 77 

Organization 77 

History  of  the  industry 78 

Domestic  production  and  consumption 79 

Domestic  exports 79 

Foreign  production — 

Window-glass  industry  (present-day  conditions  in  Belgium) 79 

Increased  prices  of  glass — French  demand 79 

Imports 80 

Prices 80 

Views  and  opinions  of  manufacturers 81 

Cylinder  and  common  window  glass,  polished: 

Tariff  classification 81 

Description  and  uses 81 

Imports 82 

Prices 82 

Tariff  history 82 

Competitive  conditions 83 

Tables  ■ 

Production  in  United  States,  1899-1914 83 

Imports  by  countries,  1910-1919 83 

Imports  for  consumption — revenue 84 

Domestic  exports,  1910-1919 100 

Wholesale  prices,  1890-1920 101 

Rates  of  duty: 

From  1883  to  1913,  inclusive 102 

Court  and  Treasury  decisions 103 

PLATE  GLASS. 

Cast  polished  glass: 

Summary 104 

Summary  table 105 

General  information: 

Description 105 

Uses 105 

Domestic  production 105 

Materials 106 

Equipment 106 

Methods  of  production 106 

Organization 106 

Domestic  exports 107 

Foreign  production 107 

Imports 107 

Prices 108 

Tariff  history 108 

Competitive  conditions  and  tariff  considerations 109 

Rolled  and  rough  plate  glass: 

Tariff  classification 110 

Description  and  uses 110 

Production Ill 

Imports Ill 

Tariff  history lU 

Competitive  conditions 112 

Plate  glass,  ground  or  obscured: 

Description  and  uses 112 

Production 112 

Exports 112 

Imports 112 


8  CONTENTS. 

Plate  glass,  ground  or  obscuied — Continued.  Page. 

Imports  for  consumption,  by  size 113 

Tariff  history 113 

Competitive  conditions 113 

Statistical  tables: 

Production  in  United  States 114 

Imports  by  countries 114 

Imports  for  consumption — revenue 115 

Domestic  exports 124 

Wholesale  prices,  1905-1920 125 

Rates  of  dutv 126 


GENERAL   CONDITIONS  AFFECTING  THE  DOMESTIC   GLASS 

INDUSTRY. 


Glass  and  glassware — Summary  table. 


Fiscal  year. 

Domestic 
production. 

Imports  for 
consumption. 

Domestic 
exports. 

Ratio  to  production. 

Imports. 

Exports. 

1910 

$6,592,828.94 
6,900,852.66 
6,175,704.61 
6,408,809.97 
8, 187, 799.  59 
4,637,814.00 
2,303,308.00 
2,277,058.00 
1,678  985.00 

$2,805,401.00 
3,246,391.00 
3, 494, 153. 00 
4, 193, 642. 00 
3,729,623.00 
5, 558, 717. 00 
12,321,338.00 
13,554,530.00 
14  ni9  T.'ifi  nn 

Per  cent. 

Per  cent. 

1911 

1912 ■ 

1913 ' 

1914 '$123,085,019.00 

1915 ' 

6.65 

3.03 

1916 

1917 f 

1918 

1918  1 1 

1,414,008.00       15^469,' 882. 00 
2,061,748.00        24.  796.  661.00 

19191 

,     ., 

Year. 

Value  (imports 
for  consump- 
tion. 

Amount  of 
duty. 

Equiva- 
lent ad 
valorem 
rate. 

1910 

$6,592,828.94 
6,900,852.66 
6,175,704.61 
6,408,809.97 
8, 187, 799.  59 
4,637,814.00 
2,303,308.00 
2,277,058.00 
1,678,985.00 
1,414,008.00 
2,061,748.00 

$3,338,823.84 

3,655,337.31 

3,027,172.59 

3,048,764.76 

2,772,849.61 

1,358,857.62 

630,579.42 

585,433.50 

479,396.33 

367,433.39 

581,638.14 

Per  cent. 
50.64 

1911 

52.97 

1912 

49.02 

1913 

47.60 

1914 

33.90 

1915 

29.25 

1916 

27.  40 

1917 

25.70 

1918 

28.57 

19181 

25  98 

19191 ... 

28  20 

1  Calendar  year. 


DEFINITION. 

Glass  is  an  artificial  silicate  composed  of  sand  (silica)  and  various 
alkali,  alkali-earth,  and  metal  oxides  and  salts.  Tlie  general  name  is 
usuall}^  modified  by  use  of  a  descriptive  adjective  to  denote  the  com- 
position or  method  of  manufacture,  such  as  (1)  lime  flint;  (2)  lead 
flint;  (3)  plate  glass;  (4)  window  glass;  (5)  optical  or  special  glass. 

(1)  Lime  flint  is  the  glass  commonly  used  in  manufacturing  table- 
ware, novelties,  bottles,  lamp  chimneys,  and  electric-light  globes.  In 
this  glass  limestone  furnishes  a  large  part  of  the  basic  constituent. 

(2)  Lead  flint  glass  is  used  for  making  cut  glass  and  the  better 
grades  of  tableware  and  novelty  articles.  Lead  replaces  the  lime- 
stone, and  adds  weight  and  luster  to  the  finished  product. 

(3)  Plate  glasfi  is  usually  a  lime-flint  mixture  wliicli  is  melted  in 
pots  and  cast  by  pouring  on  flat  tables.  The  plastic  mass  is  rolled 
to  thickness  and  finished  by  further  rolling  or  polishing. 


10  TAEIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

(4)  Windoiv  glass  is  generally  made  from  a  lime-flint  mixture, 
melted  in  a  tank  furnace.  The  glass  is  sold  as  crown  or  cylinder 
glass  depending  on  the  process  used  for  its  manufacture. 

(5)  Optical  and  sjiecial  glasses  include  a  large  number  of  special 
mix  formulas.  The  number  of  constituents  is  often  very  large  and 
often  small  amounts  of  these  minor  reagents  cause  pronounced 
changes  in  the  physical  properties  of  the  product. 

RAW    MATERIALS. 

Silica  in  the  form  of  sand  is  usually  50  to  75  per  cent  of  the  total 
mix.  The  alkaline  bases  employed  are  soda  ash  (sodium  carbonate) , 
salt  cake  (sodium  sulfate),  and  various  potassium  salts;  the  alkaline 
earths  are  lime  and  (occasionally)  barium  carbonate;  the  metal  bases 
are  lead  and  (occasionally)  aluminum,  arsenic,  and  zinc.  Manganese 
and  to  some  extent  selenium,  cobalt,  and  nickel  are  used  to  neutralize 
the  colors  imparted  by  other  elements  or  to  color  it.^ 

Of  the  aforementioned  substances  the  following  are  obtained  in  the 
United  States:  Salt  cake,  lime,  lead  compounds,  soda  ash,  arsenic, 
and  manganese.  The  following  are  imported:  Nitrate  of  soda  from 
South  America,  arsenic  from  England  and  British  Columbia,  man- 
ganese from  Saxony  and  Russia,  potash  from  Germany,  and  nickel 
and  cobalt  from  Canada. 

EFFECT  OF  DOMESTIC  NATURAL  RESOURCES  UPON  THE  GLASS  INDUSTRY. 

Eaw  materials. — The  domestic  glass  industry  is  well  supplied  with 
sand  from  domestic  sources.  The  domestic  product  is  high  grade 
and  compares  favorably  with  any  occurring  abroad.  The  same 
situation  exists  as  regards  sodium  and  barium  and  aluminum  com- 
pounds, but  the  Central  Empires  and  France  possess  an  important 
aclvantage  because  large  deposits  of  liigh-grade  manganese  and  potash 
minerals  are  mined  within  their  borders. 

Fuel. — Next  to  labor,  fuel  is  the  chief  item  of  manufacturing 
expense.  Cheap  fuel,  especially  the  large  supplies  of  high-grade 
natural  gas  available  in  tlie  United  States,  gave  the  domestic  glass 
industry  a  temporary  advantage  over  foreign  competitors,  but 
retarded  research  work  relating  to  heat  efficiency,  and  created 
shifting  centers  of  production  often  far  removed  from  sources  of  raw 
material  and  consuming  centers.  The  lack  of  fuel  efficiency  and 
properly  situated  manufacturing  centers  is  now  being  keenly  felt 
by  many  manufacturers,  because  the  amount  of  natural  gas  available 
for  commercial  purposes  is  decreasing  steadily,  and  the  continued 
operation  of  many  natural  gas  plants  will  be  impracticable  if  other 
fuel  must  be  employed. 

The  present  tendency  in  the  glass  industry,  is  to  expand  in  localities 
closer  to  the  sources  of  raw  materials  and  to  the  consuming  centers, 
provided  that  a  permanent  source  of  fuel  is  available.  The  furnaces 
are  made  more  completely  regenerative  and  more  attention  is  paid 
to  avoidable  heat  losses,  so  as  to  counteract  as  far  as  possible  the 
increased  cost  of  fuel.  This  is  a  healthy  development,  because  the 
installation  costs  are  large  and  there  is  little  incentive  to  move  and 

'  All  of  the  raw  materials  commonly  used  in  the  manufacture  of  glass  are  enumerated  in  the  Report  on 
Cost  of  Production  in  the  Glass  Industry.    Dept.  of  Commerce,  Misc.  Series  No.  80,  1917. 


TAKIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  11 

every  incentive  for  research  work  tending  toward  greater  fuel  and 
manufacturing  efficiency. 

MANUFACTURING   FACTORS. 

Equipmrnt  and  labor. — -Originally  all  glass  was  molted  in  small 
crucibles,  but  as  this  system  was  wasteful  of  labor,  fuel,  and  replace- 
ment supplies,  reverberatory  tank  furnaces  were  designed  and  put 
in  operation,  first  in  Europe  and  later  in  the  Ignited  States.  At  the 
present  time  only  a  part  of  the  plate  and  special  glasses  are  melted 
in  pots.  The  tanks  have  the  advantages  of  increased  production, 
continuous  operation,  regularity  of  operation,  more  efficient  utiliza- 
tion of  heat,  and  more  uniform  glass  production.  The  original  cost 
is  greater  than  when  pot  furnaces  are  nistalled,  but  this  is  more  than 
counterbalanced  by  the  advantages  enumerated  above. 

Domestic  glassworkers  have  always  received  higher  wages  than  have 
those  engaged  in  the  industry  in  Europe  and  Japan.  The  workers 
are  highly  organized  and  were  able  to  enforce  their  demands  practi- 
cally at  will.  It  was  natural,  therefore,  that  domestic  manufac- 
turers should  endeavor  to  eliminate  all  hand  processes  which  could 
be  operated  by  machine.  The  development  of  glass  manufacturing 
equipment  has  been  very  marked  during  the  last  20  years.  Auto- 
matic machines  are  now  used  in  all  the  bulk  lines,  where  quantity 
production  methods  can  be  installed  to  advantage,  namely,  in  the 
manufacture  of  plate  and  window  glass,  bottles,  lamp  chimneys,  and 
standard  tableware,  and  electrical  goods.  Many  of  these  machines 
are  entirely  automatic.  They  draw  a  measured  amount  of  glass- 
from  the  furnace,  shape  the  article,  and  place  the  finished  product 
in  the  lehr  or  annealing  furnace. 

The  bottle-making  machine  alone  eliminated  over  40  skilled  opera- 
tives for  every  installation,  and  as  a  result  large  numbers  of  glass- 
workers  were  forced  into  other  lines  of  cmploA'ment.  A  plant  is  now 
in  operation  which  draws  window  glass  in  a  flat  sheet  instead  of  in 
a  cylinder,  as  is  now  the  general  practice.  This  process  entirely  elimi- 
nates the  use  of  skilled  labor. 

Specialties,  novelty  articles,  and  a  large  part  of  the  chemical  and 
scientific  goods  are  still  made  by  hand,  but  the  capital  employed  in 
this  branch  of  the  industry  is  only  a  small  part  of  the  total.  The 
demand  for  skilled  workers  increased  sharply  during  the  war  when 
several  manufacturers  commenced  to  produce  chemical  and  novelty 
glassware  formerly  supplied  by  European  plants.  This  branch  of 
the  industry  has  produced  ware  which  is  superior  in  every  way  to 
the  imported  product,  save  price,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the 
domestic  industry  will  be  able  to  hold  this  business  even  after  normal 
trade  relations  are  established  with  Continental  European  producers. 

Transportation. — The  cost  of  packing  and  the  freight  classification 
of  the  product  are  important  factors  in  the  economic  position  of  the 
domestic  industry  as  regards  competition  from  abroad.  Packing  is 
expensive  and  increases  with  the  size  of  tli(>  article.  Freight  rates  are 
high  because  of  the  fragile  nature  of  the  shipment,  and  the  breakage 
loss  increases  sharply  with  tlie  number  of  times  the  packages  are 
handled  in  transit.  This  is  particularly  true  of  Hat  ware  such  as 
plate  and  window  glass,  antl  the  fragile  novelty  and  chemical  ware. 


12 


TAKIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


OEXEHAL    COXCLUSION'S    RECrARDING    OPERATING    CONDITIOXS. 

At  the  present  time  it  may  be  said  that  the  domestic  industry 
occupies  a  very  favorable  position  as  regards  fuel  supply,  in  grade, 
tonnage  available,  price  per  ton,  and  net  cost  per  unit  of  production, 
although  the  average  domestic  fuel  efficiency  is  probably  lower  than 
that  attained  at  European  plants.  Manufacturers  of  bulk  standard 
lines  suffer  very  little  from  the  higher  wage  scale  paid  in  the  United 
States,  but  the  producers  of  novelty  and  chemical  ware  requiring 
a  large  amount  of  hand-blown  work  are  at  a  considerable  disadvan- 
tage for  this  reason. 


TRADE    POSITION    OF   THE    DOMESTIC    GLASS    INDUSTRY. 

The  glass  industry  is  located  mainly  west  of  the  Alleghanies  and 
in  districts  where  natural  gas  is  available  and  cheap.  The  glass 
factories  in  the  East  use  producer  gas  or  oil  for  fuel,  and  the  high  cost 
of  fuel  is  offset  by  the  market  advantage.  The  industry  is  expand- 
ing rapidly  in  almost  every  branch  and  especially  in  the  machine- 
made  lines.  This  movement  has  been  accelerated  by  the  growing 
sale  of  food  products  in  bottles  and  jars  instead  of  in  bulk,  as  for- 
merly, and  the  large  sale  of  glass  electric  light  bulbs. 

Recent  history  in  the  industry  has  been  a  continual  struggle  be- 
tween machine-made  products  and  hand  labor.  The  use  of  machines 
as  substitutes  for  skilled  labor  is  increasing  rapidly  and  would  be 
universal  were  it  not  for  patent  rights  which  limit  the  use  of  many 
machines  to  a  few  operators. 

Window  glass  is  a  ^ood  example  of  the  trend  of  production;  the 
output  doubled  in  value  during  the  period  1899  to  1914,  while  the 
amount  produced  by  hand  decreased  from  100  to  less  than  40  per 
cent.  Nearly  all  the  plants  which  succeed  by  the  older  hand  method 
are  favorably  located  with  reference  to  cheap  fuel  or  markets. 

The  total  production  of  glass  and  glassware  in  the  United  States 
during  1914  was  valued  at  $123,085,019.  The  manufacture  of  bot- 
tles and  jars  was  the  most  important  branch  of  the  industry,  fol- 
lowed in  turn  by  building  glass  (plate  and  window),  pressed  and 
blown  ware,  and  all  other,  including  novelties  and  chemical,  scien- 
tific, and  optical  ware. 

Composite  statistics  of  the  glass  industry,  1914- 

IMPORTS  (FISCAL,  YEARS). 


Produc- 
tion. 

Per  cent 
of  total. 

1913 

1914 

Product. 

Imports. 

Per  cent 
of  total. 

Imports. 

Per  cent 
of  total. 

Per  cent 
of  pro- 
duction. 

Building  gliiss     

$36,821,069 
30, 279, 290 
51,9.J8,728 
4,022,932 

29.9 

21. 6\ 

42.2/ 

3.3 

$1,298,816 
1,876,345 
3,377,987 

19.8 
28.6 
51.6 

$2,084,107 
2,300,335 
3,820,361 

25.4 
28.0 
46.6 

5  67 

Blown  and  pressed  glass. . 
Bottles, etc 

7.60 

All  other 

95  10 

Total  

123,085,019 

100.0 

6,  .553, 148 

100.0 

8,204,803 

100.0 

6  67 

TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Composite  statistics  of  the  glass  industry,  1914 — Continued. 
EXPORTS  (FISCAL  YEARS). 


13 


1913 

1914 

Product. 

Exports. 

Per  cent 
oftotnl. 

Exports. 

Per  cent 
of  total. 

Per  cent    Ratio  of 
of  pro-    lexports  to 
duction.  1  imports. 

i 

S493, 191 

808,327 

2,892,124 

11.8 
19.3 
68.9 

S347, 106 

711,353 

2,671,164 

9.3 
19.1 
71.6 

0.94 
1.37 

7.78 

Per  cent. 
16.65 

Bottles,  etc 

30.92 

All  other '      

m  Q9 

Total       

4,193,642 

100.0 

3,729,623 

100.0 

3.03  1           4.5.46 

1  Includes  pressed  and  blown  ware  other  than  bottles. 

Note. — Imports  distribution  is  rather  vague.    Large  amounts  of  blown-glass  tableware  and  novelties 
are  undoubtedly  included  in  "all  other." 

The  industry  has  suffered  severely  in  the  past  because  of  excessive 
price  cutting.  Cost  accounting  was  neglected  by  the  producers  for 
many  \  ears  and  for  this  reason  prices  often  fell  below  the  actual  cost 
of  manufacture.  Artificial  combinations  in  the  form  of  marketing 
agencies  were  several  times  resorted  to  in  an  effort  to  raise  the  price 
level  and  these  were  successful  over  considerable  periods.  Competi- 
tion is  open  and  keen  at  present,  but  the  higher  costs  of  labor  and 
fuel  have  caused  pronounced  price  increases  from  the  1914  level. 

EXPORTS. 

Domestic  glassware  is  exported  in  comparatively  large  quantities. 
Canada  is  the  principal  consumer  of  domestic  building  glass,  but 
domestic  ornamental  ware,  especially  heavy  cut  glass,  is  sold  in  all 
the  world's  markets.  Bottles  and  similar  ware  are  exported  to 
Canada,  Cuba,  and  Mexico  in  large  amounts,  but  little  of  this  mate- 
rial reaches  European  markets. 

Exports  amounted  to  a  little  less  than  half  of  1  per  cent  of  the 
domestic  production  in  1914,  the  value  being  $3,729,623,  as  compared 
with  exports  of  $4,193,642  in  1913.  There  was  a  rapid  increase  in 
the  export  movement  during  the  war  years,  the  total  in  1918  being 
$14,012,756.  This  was  composed  of  bottles,  $2,671,892;  chemical 
ware,  $152,937;  window  ^lass,  $3,401,120;  plate  glass,  $2,451,918; 
cut  glass,  $157,569;  and  all  other  glassware,  $5,177,320. 

IMPORTS. 

Prior  to  the  war  imports  of  glassware  amounted  to  a  considerable 
percentage  of  the  domestic  production.  In  1914  (fiscal  year)  the 
value  of  imports  ($8,204,203)  was  6.67  per  cent  of  the  domestic  pro- 
duction; this  was  an  increase  of  almost  $2,000,000  above  tlie  amount 
entered  during  1913.  Under  normal  conditions  building  glass  and 
bottle  imports  together  account  for  half  of  the  total,  the  l:)alance 
being  uncnumeratod  ware  consisting  of  novelty,  chemical,  and  opti- 
cal glass  and  smaller  amounts  of  fancy  tableware.  A  large  part  of 
the  prewar  bottle  imports  consisted  of  containers  for  foreign  beverages 
and  other  liquid  products.  The  plate  glass  imported  consisted  for 
the  most  part  of  highly  polished  material  for  use  as  mirrors. 

Imports  decreased  rapidly  after  1914,  and  during  1918  amounted 
to  only  21  per  cent  of  the  1914  total.  Imports  of  glassware  during 
1918  were  valued  at  $1,723,014.     The  total  included  Imttles.  $326,711: 


14  TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

cut  and  ornamented  glass,  $261,991;  window  glass,  $101,842;  optical 
glass  and  instruments,  $391,944;  plate  glass,  $8,  and  miscellaneous 
manufactures  $640,518. 

During  1919  imports  of  novelties  and  scientific  and  optical  glass 
ware  increased  sharply  when  trade  relations  were  resumed  with  Ger- 
many. Imports  of  building  glass  remained  at  a  low  level.  The  1919 
import  totals  were  bottles,  $115,928;  ornamented  ware,  $441,233; 
optical  glass  and  glassware,  $750,800;  window  glass,  $137,901;  plate 
glass,  $3,055,  and  miscellaneous  manufactures  $612,663,  a  total  of 
$2,061,580. 

Japan  is  becoming  a  factor  of  great  importance  in  the  domestic 
market.  Novelty  articles  and  chemical  ware  are  now  imported  from 
the  Orient  at  prices  considerably  lower  than  those  prevailing  in  the 
United  States.     The  imported  ware  is  of  inferior  quality. 

Importations  of  building  glass  from  Belgium  were  resumed  during 
1920,  and  the  volume  has  already  assumed  considerable  proportions. 

WAR   DEVELOPMENTS. 

The  European  glass  industry  has  suffered  considerably  as  a  result 
of  the  war.  The  French  and  Belgian  window  and  plate-glass  industr  \' 
was  located  along  the  border  between  the  two  countries  and  suffered 
greatly  during  the  German  occupation.  One  plant  is  now  operating 
in  France,  and  the  Belgian  producers  are  bendmg  every  effort  toward 
a  resumption  of  productive  activity.  It  will  be  sometime  before 
either  nation  will  be  in  a  position  to  supply  its  prewar  surplus  for 
export,  because,  aside  from  the  decreased  production  capacity,  the 
home  market  is  stripped  of  the  finished  product,  and  the  demand  is 
increased  by  the  large  quantities  necessary  for  reconstruction  purposes. 

The  German  novelty  and  scientific  glassware  industry  suffered 
little  material  damage  to  plants  during  the  war,  except  where  the 
Russian  advances  brought  them  within  the  zone  of  military  opera- 
tions. The  war  had  a  disastrous  effect,  however,  on  the  trade  posi- 
tion of  the  industry,  because  foreign  markets  were  eliminated  and 
must  be  regained  in  the  face  of  national  prejudice.  Much  of  the 
prewar  market  for  novelty  articles  may  be  recovered,  since  in  this 
line  the  price  factor  is  a  vital  consideration,  but  the  war  proved  that 
United  States  manufacturers  were  able  to  produce  chemical  and 
scientific  ware  superior  to  that  produced  abroad.  The  market  for 
any  particular  brand  of  chemical  glassware  depends  on  its  durability 
and  resistance  to  solvents  quite  as  much  as  on  the  price  charged. 
Domestic  goods  have  proved  themselves  to  be  as  chemically  resistant 
and  far  more  durable  than  any  formerly  produced  in  the  Central 
Empires,  and  for  this  reason  are  preferred  by  the  chemical  profession 
throughout  the  United  States. 

FOREIGN    PRODUCTION   AND   COMPETITIVE    CONDITIONS. 

France  and  Belgium  excelled  in  the  manufacture  of  fine  plate  glass 
and  window  glass  of  such  high  quality  that  it  commanded  a  ready 
sale  in  all  the  world's  markets.  The  demand  was  based  on  the 
quality  rather  than  on  i)rice.  The  mirror-manufacturing  industry  in 
the  United  States  suffered  very  little  from  European  competition  prior 
to  1914.  Large  quantities  of  high-grade  plate  and  other  glass  was 
imported,  however,  and  silvered  in  domestic  plants. 

Beveling,  cutting,  grinding,  frosting,  and  other  operations  of  a 
mechanical  nature  were  highly  developed  in   the  European  glass 


TARIFF   INFORMATIOlSr   SURVEYS. 


15 


centers,  and  the  lower  priced  labor  available  there  gave  the  foreign 
product  considerable  advantage.  Domestic  manufactures  have  been 
able  to  counteract  this  in  part  by  extensive  use  of  machinery. 

Successful  manufacture  of  colored  and  stained  glass  is  largely  a 
matter  of  experience  and  technical  knowledge  of  the  chemistry  of 
glass  mixtures.  Foreign  manufactures,  notably  German  and  Aus- 
trian, dominated  this  field  prior  to  the  war,  but  several  domestic 
manufacturers  are  now  producing  ware  which  compares  favorably 
with  that  formerly  imported.  Impurities  often  color  glass,  but  unless 
the  coloring  agent  is  desired  the  presence  of  the  color  cheapens  the 
product.  A  good  example  of  this  state  of  affairs  is  the  slight  green 
or  brown  coloration  often  seen  in  bottles  and  building  glass. 

Glass  and  glassware  totals — Domestic  production. 
[From  the  Federal  Census,  1914.] 


Number  of  establishments... 
Persons  engaged 

Proprietors 

Salaried  employees 

Wage  earners 

Primarj'  liorsepovver 

Capital 

Salaries  and  wages 

Salaries i 

Wages ' 

Paid  for  contract  work j 

Rent  and  taxes 

Cost  of  materials 

Value  of  products 

Value  added  by  manufacture 


1914 


348 


4, 

74, 

1&3, 

§153,925, 

S55,204, 

S6, 548, 

$48,655, 

$150, 

$882, 

$46,016, 

$123, 085, 

$77,068, 


1909 


363 
72,573 
87 
3,575 
68,911 
123, 132 
$129,288,384 
$44,293,215 
$4,993,591 
$39, 299, 624 
$85,864' 
$506, 5;«; 
504!  $32,119,499] 
019!  $92,095,203 
515   $59,975,704; 


1904 


399 

67, 105 

96 

3,040 

63,969 

91,476 

$89,389,151 

$41,228,441 

$3,940,293 

$37, 288, 148 

$56,848 

$357, 121 

$26,145,522 

$79, 607, 998 

$53,462,476 


1899 


355 

55, 256 

170 

2,268 

52,818 

52,943 

$61,423,903 

$29,877,086 

$2, 792, 376 

$27,084,710 

$58, 959 

$265, 583 

$16,731,009 

$56, 539, 712 

$39, 808, 703 


1889 


294 

0) 
0) 
0) 

44,392 

28,241 

$40, 966, 850 

$22,118,522 

(') 

(') 

(') 

(') 

$12,140,985 
$41,051,004 
$28,910,019 


1879 


169 
(') 
(') 
(') 
24,177 
5,672 
$18,804,599 
$9, 144, 100 
(') 
(') 

^'} 

(1) 
$8,028,621 
$21,154,571 
$13,125,950 


1  Figures  not  available. 

Glassware  totals — Production  in  United  States,  by  States. 
[From  Federal  Census,  1914.1 


State. 

Nimiber 
of  plants. 

Value  of 
products. 

Per  cent 
of  total. 

State. 

Number 
of  plants. 

Value  of 
products. 

Per  cent 

of  total. 

Permsylvania 

Ohio 

103 
39 
41 
63 
10 
19 
22 
7 

539,797,822 
19,191,342 

14,881,372 
14,631,171 
7,680,343 
7,597,754 
5,1.56,714 
3,882,420 

32.3 
15.6 
12.1 
11.9 
6.2 
6.2 
4.2 
3.2 

Oklahoma 

Maryland 

12 
6 
6 
4 

16 

$2,005,736 

1,500,982 

728, 681 

690, 420 

5,340,262 

1.6 
1.2 

Indiana ...  . 

.6 

West  Virginia 

.6 

All  other 

4.3 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

Missouri 

Total 

348 

123,08,5,019 

100.0 

Glassware  totals — Production  in  United  States,  by  products. 
[From  Federal  Census,  1914.] 


Varieties. 

1904 

1909 

1914 

Window  glass 

$11,610,8,51 
972,014 

7,978,2,53 
3, 529 

$11,742,959 
1,358,574 

12,204,875 
37,431 

$17,495,9.56 

Obscured  glass 

2,417,253 

Plato  glass: 

14,773,7,87 

Hough 

25,859 

Wired  glass: 

534,322 

1,0.56,612 

other  building  glass 

1,1.33,214 
21,9.-)6, 1,58 
33,631,063 

2,  322, 91fi 

964,. 599 

27, 39S,  445 

36,018,333 

2,  369, 9S7 

,520, 280 
30,279,290 

Bottles  and  jars      

,51,9,58,728 

4,022,932 

Total 

79,607,998 

92,095,203 

123,085,019 

16 


TAKIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Glassware,  totals — Imports  by  countries. 
FISCAL  YEAR  1910. 


Variety. 

Austria 

and 
Germany. 

France. 

Belgium. 

United 
Eongdom. 

All  other. 

Total. 

Bottles,  pressed 

$280,374 

$285,913 

$901 

$112,119 

$140,611 

$819,918 

Window  L'lass 

71,989 

11,495 

633,557 

93,339 

535 

810,915 

57,901 

205,279 

2,177,294 

17,342 
53,205 
792, 435 

563,057 

85 
206,377 

14,0.38 
146,958 
254,043 

40, 924 

2,449 

111,940 

693  262 

407, 976 

All  other           .  .      

3,542  089 

Total 

2, 792, 837 

1,160,390 

1,403,977 

620,497 

296,459 

6,274,160 

FISCAL  YEAR  1911. 


Bottles 

Ornamental 

Window 

Optical  instruments.. 

Plate  glass 

Optical  glass  (rough). 
All  other 


Total . 


$372,373 

804, 290 

95, 704 


106,114 

172,942 

1,576,429 


3, 127, 8,52 


$272,205 

190,027 

1,943 


37, 256 

62,154 

517,401 


1,080,986 


$10,877 
136,468 
688, 849 


$108,371 
84, 602 
162,011 


730, 568 

762 

150, 733 


5,720 

41,535 
207, 453 


$147,680 

98,070 

452 


61,266 
37,' 636' 


1,718,257 


609, 692 


345, 104 


FISCAL  YEAR  1912. 


Bottles,  etc 

Ornamental 

Window  glass 

Optical  instruments. 

Plate  glass 

Optical  glass  (rough) 
All  other 

Total 


$371, 
551, 
103, 
189, 

244, 
1,556, 


.3,064,067 


$293,333 

143,287 

3,  731 

318,491 

13,544 

68,815 

247, 670 


1, 


8,871 


$371 
172,356 
686, 455 
4,894 
274,831 
10,812 
35, 150 


1,184,869 


$97,319 
SO, 701 

156, 772 

63,347 

6,689 

58, 005 

151,940 


614,773 


$151,008 

54,046 

52 

3,206 

2,62;? 

899 

46,211 


258,045 


FISCAL  YEAR  1913. 


Bottles,  etc 

Ornamental 

Window  glass 

Optical  instruments. 

Plate  glass 

Optical  glass  (rough) 
All  other 

Total 


3, 203, 


$277, 439 
115,232 
5, 391 
392, 513 
32, 964 
92, 977 
204, 101 


1,120,617 


$439 
141,436 
742, 162 
4,161 
262,341 
18,894 
31,661 


1,201,094 


75,894 


$77,485 

$140,065 

107,416 

36,077 

110,342 

651 

103, 992 

4,064 

1,581 

456 

141,898 

1,227 

233,180 

53,460 

236,000 


FISCAL  YEAR  1914. 


Bottles,  etc 

Ornamental 

Window 

Optical  instruments. 

Plate  gla.ss 

Optical  glass  (rough) 
All  other 

Total 


718 
111 
258 
23 
290 
1, 789 


382 
388 
111 
390 
016 
352 
245 


3,572,884 


$326, 598 

118,848 

3,979 

403, 801 

16,401 

98,  &32 

249,510 


1,217,! 


$3,389 

1.59,641 

1,050,432 

14,807 
664, 489 

68,354 
130,241 


2,091,353 


$236,116 
111,168 
186, 789 
40,126 
12,344 
159,851 
226,296 


972,690 


$199,975 

43,  &30 

3,907 

4,436 

11,639 

314 

72,836 


336, 937 


FISCAL  YEAR  1915. 


Bot(  les,  etc $166, 923 

Ornamental i  .309, 467 

Window  glass I  54, 503 

Optical  Instruments |  111,  371 

Plate  glass 8, 328 

Optical  glass  (rough) I  244,632 

Another |  1,184,738 

Total 1  2, 079, 962 


$226,887 
84,. 597 
2, 153 
165,948 
2,187 
52, 028 
130,642 


664, 442 


$1,178 
30, 886 
346, 535 
4,099 
71,443 
12, 164 
11,057 


477,362 


$246,358 

86,  .364 

311,360 

15,414 

7,359 

184,031 

195,331 


1,046,217 


$175, 147 
33,  i)08 
7,932 
6,139 
8,854 
2,324 
90,072 


324,376 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


17 


Glassware,  totals — Imports  by  countries — Continued. 

FISCAL  YEAR  1916. 


Variety. 


Bottles,  etc 

Oraamental 

Window  glass 

Optical  iastruments. 

Plate  !jlass 

Optical  glass  (rough) 
All  other 

Total 


France. 

Belgium. 

United 
Kingdom. 

Japan. 

All  other. 

Total. 

$268, 475 
70,350 
5,681 
128,895 
89 
60,934 
96, 188 

$101 
2, 498 
26,987 

S294. 114 

103,208 

134,348 

7,861 

$4,995 

12,229 

1,715 

1,331 

$198,907 
94,408 
28, 818 
28,679 
3,091 
29,529 
300, 744 

$766,  592 
282, 783 
197, 549 
166, 766 
3,553 
265  389 

373 

174,926 
146,360 

1,058 

22,019 

566,369 

630,012 

31,017 

860,907 

42,289 

684, 176 

2,249,001 

FISCAL  YEAR  1917. 


Bottles,  etc 

Ornamental 

Window  glass 

Optical  instruments. 

Plate  glass 

Optical  glass  (rough) 
Another 

Total 


5314,864 
105, 877 
2,475 
121,068 
104 
39, 762 
109, 586 


693, 736 


8162, 748 


34 


$307, 492 
111,744 
140,407 
8, 366 
12, 592 
190,096 
191,070 


961, 767 


$11,780 
11,808 
6,808 
8,302 


59, 384 


98,082 


$115,705 

78,390 

15,662 

8,525 

766 

8,400 

81,364 


308, 812 


$749, 841 
307, 819 
328, 100 
146,261 
13, 496 
238, 258 
441,404 


2,225,179 


FISCAL  YEAR  1918. 


Bottles, etc 

Ornamental 

Window  glass 

Optical  instruments.. 

Plate  gla<;s 

Optical  glass  (rough). 
All  other 


Total. 


$162,960 

101,860 

1,0,57 

69,177 


71,235 
85,398 


$5, 675 
29,219 


150 


491,677 


35,044 


$98,  .376 
65, 688 
63, 858 
18,483 


200,066 
207,711 


$7,679 

41,367 

4,031 

24,871 


273, 765 


351,713 


$57, 706 

47,401 

3,677 

4,118 

8 

3,994 

73, 494 


190,398 


$.326,711 
261,991 
101,842 
116,649 
8 
275,295 
640,518 


1,723,014 


CALENDAR  YEAR  1918. 


Bottles, etc 

Ornamental 

Window  glass 

Optical  instruments.. 

Plate  glass 

Optical  glass  (rough). 
All  other 


Total. 


$90, 152 
101,053 


73,4.30 

138 

86, 138 

43, 585 


394,496 


$1,032 


1,032 


$5, 361 
68, 596 


19,947 

4.5,442 

244,513 

172,313 


$2,664 
32, 421 


51,337 
3,724 


219,983 


556, 172 


310, 129 


816,261 
21,297 


5,732 

3,736 

11,073 

31,384 


89,483 


$114,438 
223, 367 


150,446 

54,072 

341,724 

467, 265 


1,351,312 


CALENDAR  YEAR  1919. 


Variety. 


Bottles,  etc 

Ornamental 

Wind'>w  glass 

Optical  instruments.. 

Plate  glass 

Optical  glass  (rough). 
Another 


Total. 


.Vnstria  and 
(iermanv. 


836, 257 
77,050 


8,676 
17, 778 
14,491 
144,981 


Franco. 


$39, 099 
200, 424 


239, 107 

2,014 

146,916 

55, 169 


299, 233  682, 729 


United 
Kingdom. 


813,849 
63,900 


57, 205 

62,824 

227, 164 

170,473 


Japan. 


87, 987 
30,447 


1.5,220 
13,674 


169,425 


595,415  236,753 


All  otlior. 


$18, 736 
69,412 


19,817 
41,611 
22,204 
72,615 


244, 395 


Total. 


$115,928 
441,233 


340,025 
137,901 
410,775 
612.663 


2,058,525 


47578— 21— B-9- 


18 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Glassware  totals — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 
FISCAL  YEARS. 


Kind. 


Cnide  optical  glass , 

Bottles,  etc..  pressed 

Ornamented  glass 

Blown  glass,  n.  s.  p.  f , 

Stained  glass  and  small  mirrors , 

Lens,  optical  and  photographic  ware. 


Cylinder  and  crovrn  glass: 

Plain 

Obscured,  etc 

Polished 

Polished  and  obscured,  etc. 
Silvered 


Total. 


Plate  gla.ss: 

Rough  or  ribbed 

Rough  or  ribbed,  smoothed. 

Polished 

Polished,  obscured,  etc 

Polished,  silvered 


Value. 


$400,393.00 
8.59, 5.50. 58 

1,086,324.01 
613,957.36 
193, 360. 96 
667,851.90 


711,741.00 
102,778.25 
156, 508. 00 
98,720.00 
375.11 


1,070,122.36 


16,366.00 

81,884.00 

702,039.00 

24,185.00 

2,724.84 


Total. 


827, 198. 84 


All  other  manufactures  of. 874, 069. 93 


Total  imports 6,592,828.94 


Duty. 


J504, 690. 90 

6.51,725.41 

368,374.42 

87,012.43 

307,517.54 


425,300.43 

35,099.38 

43,271.94 

27,659.69 

159. 78 


531,491.22 


4,813.81 

46,742.50 

43,3,971.41 

7, 804. 86 

1,348.57 


494,681.15 


393,330.57 


3,338,823.84 


1911 

1912 

Kind. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Crude  optical  glass 

Bottles,  etc.,  pressed 

$277,222.00 

961,583.30 

1,341,996.27 

684, 177. 87 

359,-501.55 
717,088.10 

Per  cent. 
Free. 
56.65 
60.00 
60.00 

45.00 
45.80 

$383,557.00 

937,898.87 

1,063,408.84 

1,015,442.25 

272,259.00 
651,700.95 

Per  cent. 
Free- 

$544,695.68 
805, 195. 36 
410,506.72 

161,775.70 
328,460.19 

$508, 847. 00 
638,016.27 
609,265.35 

119,883.60 
298, 120. 97 

54.25 
60.00 

Blown  glass 

60.00 

Stained  glass  and  small 
mirrors  ...           

45.00 

Optical  goods 

45.75 

Crown  and  cylinder  glass: 
Unpolished     

825,381.48 

114,171.26 

140,. 301. 00 

87,813.00 

1,425.00 

515, 180. 46 

36,441.97 

37,7,57.01 

23,560.08 

516.03 

62.42 
31.92 
26.91 
28.83 
36.20 

827,868.19 

103,985.28 

123,356.00 

43,709.00 

536.00 

383,946.73 

32,406.94 

33,866.46 

12,239.81 

236.58 

46.38 

Unpolished,  bent,  etc. 
Polished 

31.16 
27  45 

Polished  and  bent,  etc. 

28.00 
44.14 

Total 

1,169,091.74 

613,455.55 

52.50 

1,099,454.47 

462,696.52 

42.00 

Plate  glass: 

Rough  or  ribbed 

Rough,  obscured 

Polished 

13,170.00 
105,222.00 
853,906.62 

39,  .530. 00 
5,351.00 

4,361.71 

60,7.52.76 

542,821.47 

12,113.26 

3,289.80 

33.12 
57.74 
63.57 

14,514.00 
39,904.00 
97fi  4.M   .5.S 

4,509.51 

23,670.23 

176,778.39 

8,196.90 

1,351.38 

31.07 
59.32 
63  95 

Polished  and  bent,  etc. 
Silvered 

30. 64           28, 262. 00 
61.50            2,099.00 

29.00 
64.38 

Total 

1,017,179.62 

623,339.00 

61.3           3fil  230..5S 

214,506.41 

59.40 

' 

All  other  manufactures — 

373,012.21 

167,909.11 

45.00 

390.752.65 

175,836.47 

45.00 

Total  imports 

6,900,852.66 

3,655,337.31 

53.00 

6,175,704.61 

3,027,172.59 

49.00 

TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


19 


Glassware,  totals — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 
FISCAL  YEARS— Continued. 


1913 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

1 
1914 

Actual 
or  com- 

Kind. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Value. 

Duty. 

puted  ad 

valorem 

rate. 

Crude  optical  glass 

Bottles,  etc.,  pressed 

$4  99,  .364. 00 

853,929.32 

1,0:56,717.21 

1,072,993.52 

389,031.61 
689,033.84 

Per  cent. 
Free. 
59.08 
60.00 
60.00 

4.5.00 
45.90 

$612,830.00 
1,185,01.5.67 
1,218,  .523. 42 
1,004,866.21 

427,636.36 
8S6, 656. 39 

Per  cent. 
Free 

$.504,474.44 
617,8;?8. 16 
643,353.91 

17,5,064.23 
316,278.98 

$357, 186. 51 
591,001.08 

483,428.45 

144,777.92 
293,689.80 

30.15 

48.  .50 

48.11 

Stained  glass  and  small 

33.86 

33.12 

Crown  and  cylinder  glass: 

804,731.50 

153,722.76 

119,  .395. 00 

60, 269. 00 

23.00 

330,767.82 

43,051.64 

34,946.70 

16,782.83 

2.63 

41.10 

28.01 
29.27 
27. 85 
11.43 

1,212,536.00 

149,203.00 
121,814.00 
36, 116. 00 
57,432.00 

338,541.34 

27,463.60 

27,887.27 

7,821.86 

13, 549. 37 

27.92 

Unnolished  and  bent, 

18.41 

Polished       

22.89 

Polished  and  bent,  etc 

21.66 
23.59 

Total     

1,138,141.26 

425,5.51.62 

37.40 

1,577,101.00 

415,263.44 

26.40 

Plate  glass: 

Rough  or  I  ib bed 

Rough  and  obscured. . 
Polished       

14,812.00 

2,247.00 

247,01.5.00 

47,449.00 

1,. 531. 00 

5,344.75 

1,543.64 

156,017.34 

16,087.54 

562. 27 

36.08 
68.69 
61.14 
33.90 
36.73 

15,207.00 

126,917.00 

631,618.00 

62,228.00 

10, 715. 00 

4,170.01 

.57,4.51.95 

265,909.10 

16,-538.77 

4.133.90 

27.42 
4.5.  27 
42,10 

Polished  and  bent,  etc. 

26. 85 
38.  .59 

Total       

313,054.00 

179, 555.  .54 

57.30 

846,685.00  |      348,20.3.73 

42.10 

All  other  manufactures — 

416,-545.21 

186,647.88 

44.80 

428,485.54 

139,298.68 

32.50 

Total  imports 

6,408,809.97 

3,048,764.76 

47.60 

8,187,799.59     2,772,849.61 

33. 90 

1915 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

1916 

Actual 
or  com- 

Kind. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Value. 

Duty. 

puted  ad 

valorem 

rate. 

Crude  optical  glass 

iiotiles,  etc.,  pressed 

$494,873.00 
822, 760. 00 
591,0.58.00 
740,039.00 

306,334.00 
453,583.00 

Per  cent. 
Free. 
24.97 
44. 48 
44.92 

29.28 

$266,245.00 
7-58,877.00 
310,4.58.00 
304,468.00 

89. 787. 00 

Per  cent. 

$20.5,412.76 

262,875.60 
332, 708. 85 

89, 690. 10 
133,751.50 

$193,972.44 
l:W,  704. 93 
137,010.60 

26,936.10 
71,804.10 

25.56 
45.  TO 

45.00 

Stained  glass  and  small 

30.  TO 

29.49         23.5!  362  00 

30. 51 

Crovvn  and  cylinder  glass: 

Unpolished 

Unpolished  and  bent, 

679, 226. 00 
.51),  2:53.  00 

179,372.45 

7,402.16 
8,030.61 
2,014.83 
11,:«9.77 

26.41 

13.16 
21.83 
20.00 
23.  74 

140,262.00 

,52,0.51.00 

19, 893. 00 

1,353.00 

6,993  00 

13,221.65 

6,844.67 

4,4.52.64 

281.48 

1,609.70 

9.43 
13.15 

Polished 

Polished  and  bent,  etc. 

3t>,  783.  00 
10, 076. 00 
47,853.00 

22.38 
20.80 
16.60 

Total     

830,171.00 

208, 179. 82 

25. 10 

220,  .5.52. 00 

26,410.14 

11.97 

Plate  glass: 

Rough  or  ribbed 

Rough  and  obscured. . 

12,742.00 

1,(174.00 
1011,400.  00 

2,622.39 

-523. 32 

38.7.56.84 

20.58 
44.  73 
.38.60 
21.15 
32.31 

4,-526.00 
124.00 
3,778.00 
2, 726.  TO 
2,6.50.00 

606. 12 

37. 72 

1,477.12 

934. 40 

,5-59. 25 

13.39 

.30. 42 
39.  20 

Polished  and  bent,  etc. 

14,.5;(l.tiO            3,073.06 
3,146,00             1,016.44 

-34.30 
21.10 

Total 

Ail  other  manufactures 

Total  imports 

131,893.00  1        4.5,902.05  j        34.85 

13, 804. 00 

.3,614.61 

26. 19 

266,-503.00           79,946.94 

30.00 

103, 755.  TO 

31,126.-50 

30.  TO 

4,6;?7,S14.00      1 ,  :i.58,  .5-57. 62 

29.25 

2, 303, 308.  TO 

6;W,-579.42 

27.40 

20 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Glassware,  totals — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued, 
FISCAL  YEARS— Continued. 


1917 

1918 

Kind. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Crude  optical  glass 

Bottles .  etc. ,  pressed 

$268, 890. 00 
782, 944.  00 
301,926.00 
259,496.00 

40, 603. 00 
207,044.00 

Per  cent. 
Free. 
25.84 
45.00 
45.00 

30.00 
30.80 

$275,021.00 
302, 052. 00 
267, 448. 00 
381,898.00 

34, 645. 00 
181,287.00 

Per  cent. 

$202,298.56 
135, 837.  72 
116,773.20 

12,180.90 
63,716.45 

$74,421.72 
120,351.60 
171,854.10 

10,39.3.50 
55. 202.  75 

24.60 
45.00 

45.00 

Stained  glass  and  small 

30.00 

30.40 

Crown  and  cylinder  glass: 

277, 222.  00 
47, 069. 00 

23, 485.  67 
6, 403. 09 

8.48 
13.60 

84,018.00 

19,010.00 

307. 00 

1,188.00 

5,347.42 

2, 324. 02 

10.20 

183.54 

6.35 

Unpolished,  bent,  etc. . 
Polished 

12.25 
3.32 

112.00 

9.20 

8.20 

15.43 

Total 

324,403.00 

29,897.96 

9.22 

104, 523. 00 

7,865.18 

7.52 

Plate  glass: 

Rough  or  ribbed 

Rough ,  obscured 

2,002.00 

402.00 

13,787.00 

1,542.00 

151.00 

180.  22 

357.  60 

1,612.98 

412.04 

7.09 

9.00 
89.00 
11.70 
26.70 
46.90 

2,239.00 
391. 00 

164. 77 
321.  84 

7.36 
83.10 



Silvered 

176.00 

36.39 

26.60 

Total 

17, 884. 00 

2,569.93 

14.37 

2,806.00 

526.00 

18.70 

All  other  manufactures 

73,868.00 

22, 158.  78 

30.00 

129,305.00 

38,781.48 

30.00 

Total  imoorts 

2,277,058.00 

585,433.50 

25.70 

1,678,985.00 

479,396.33 

28.57 

CALENDAR  YEARS. 


1918 

1919 

Kind. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Value. 

Duty. 

Actual 
or  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Crude  optical  glass 

$341,734.00 
180,487.00 
214,466.00 
383,643.00 

24, 173.  00 
191,540.00 

Per  cent. 
Free. 
20.76 
45.00 
45. 00 

30.00 
30.20 

$410,775.00 
136, 119. 00 
429,044.00 
411,351.00 

26,999.00 
371,846.00 

Per  cent. 

Bottles,  etc.,  pressed 

Ornamental  glass 

$37,458.48 
96,509.70 
127,381.05 

7,251.90 
57,778.80 

$30,467.40 
193,069.80 
184,507.35 

8,099.70 
112,823.95 

22.40 

45  00 

45.00 

Stained  glass  and  small 

30.00 

Optical  goods 

30.20 

Crown  and  cylinder  glass: 
Unpolished 

33,634.00 
21,155.00 

2,867.19 
2,495.04 

8.53 
11.80 

73,636.00 
60,933.00 

206.  on 

15.00 

6,133.54 

6,875.69 
23.  78 
3.35 

8.35 

Unpolished  and  bent, 
etc 

11.30 

Polished  and  bent,  etc. 

11.51 

Silvered 

1,174.00 

ISO.  47 

15.40 

22.33 

Total 

55,963.00 

5,542.70 

9.90 

134,790.00 

13,036.36 

9.68 

Plate  glass: 

Rough  or  ribbed 

3,871.00 

141.  73 

3.65 

1,448.00 

13,757.00 

3,055.00 

252.00 

154.  74 

2,318.82 

446. 98 

19.44 

10.69 
16.85 

Polished 

210.00 
123.00 

30.20 
8.43 

14.40 
6.85 

14.60 

7.72 

Total 

4,204.00 

180.36 

4.29 

18,512.00 

2,939.98 

15.90 

All  other  manufactures 

117,798.00 

35,330.40 

30.00 

122,312.00 

36, 693.  60 

30.00 

Total  imports 

1,414,008.00 

367,433.39 

25.98 

2,061,748.00 

581,638.14 

28.20 

TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


21 


Glassware,  totals — Domestic  exports. 

(From  Commerce  and  Navigation.] 

FISCAL  YEAR  1910. 


Country. 

Bottles, 
vials, 
etc. 

Cylinder, 

crown,  and 

window. 

riate. 

All  others. 

Total. 

Canada 

0) 
(1) 
(') 

(1) 
(') 
0) 
(1) 

$15,172 

38,415 

1,381 

7,622 

671 

2,075 

2,640 

19 

$1,981 
3,057 
3,814 
4,028 
368 
429 
1,339 

$951,982 
371,800 
200, 146 
149,766 
276,989 
377,548 
341,497 
52,662 

$969,135 

413,272 

Cuba  ..  .          

205,341 

161,416 

278,028 

380,052 

345,476 

52,681 

Total        .         .             

(1) 

67, 995 

15,016 

2,722,390 

2,805,401 

FISCAL  YEAR  1911. 


Canada 

(J) 

$46, 187 
34,497 
5,137 
12,657 
1,399 
10, 669 
10, 793 

814,855 
1,931 
1,887 
7,473 
1,943 

$1,092,900 
386, 548 
191,743 
175, 231 
318,071 
4S9, 707 
408, 999 
32, 170 

$1,153,942 

422,976 

Cuba  

198, 767 

195,361 

321,413 

500,376 

Asia  and  Oceania 

1,594 

421,386 

32, 170 

Total 

(1) 

2  121,339 

!  29, 683 

3,095,369 

3,246,391 

FISCAL  YEAR  1912. 


Country. 

Bottles. 

Cylinder, 

window, 

etc. 

Plate. 

All  other. 

Total. 

(') 
0) 
(') 
(1) 
(') 
(■) 
(') 
(') 

$74,050 

2,187 

25, 666 

6,801 

3, 569 

$15,616 

2,543 

24,607 

6,261 

829 

12 

858 

28 

$1,340,352 
212,733 
388, 179 
186, 224 
334, 704 
501,652 
330,148 
35, 298 

$1,430,018 

Cuba                           

217,463 

Mexico  

438,452 

199, 286 

South  America 

339, 102 
501,664 

539 
1,297 

331,545 

Africa 

36,623 

Total 

(1) 

114,109 

50,754 

3,329,290 

3,494,153 

FISCAL  YEAR  1913. 


$339,091 
140, 160 
104,511 
37,255 
106,216 
24, 238 
49,976 
6,880 

$398,571 

4, 586 

18, 528 

6,627 

3,927 

99 

1,855 

168 

$16,726 
2,075 
26,554 
8,061 
1,814 
190 
3,410 

$1,293,016 
160,820 
204,692 
152,504 
228,901 
563,552 
248,532 
40,107 

$2,047,404 

Cuba 

307,641 

354,285 

204,447 

340,858 

588,079 

303, 773 

Africa                                       

47, 155 

Total 

808,327 

434,361 

58,830 

2,892,124 

4,193,642 

» Included  in  "All  other.' 


»  Six  months  only— January  to  June,  1911,  inclusive. 


22 


T^VPJFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Glassware,  totals — Domestic  exports — Continued. 

FISCAL  YEAR  1914. 


Country. 

Bottles, 
etc. 

Common 
window. 

Plate. 

All  other. 

Total. 

$330,358 
60,941 
102, 847 
42,663 
109, 288 
13, 160 
48,437 
3,659 

3276,987 
11,856 
3,045 
9,186 
2,573 
511 
7,120 
61 

816,279 
6,076 
1,551 
8,436 
2,033 
370 
1,022 

$1,144,087 
87, 791 
100,201 
155,997 
180,012 
643, 551 
259,133 
40,392 

$1,767,711 

166,664 

Cuba 

267, 644 

216,282 

293,906 

657, 592 

315,712 

44,112 

Total 

711,353 

311,339 

35,767 

2,671,164 

3,729,623 

FISCAL  YEAR  1915. 


Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba 

All  other  North  America 

South  America 

Europe 

Asia  and  Oceania 

Africa 

Total 


$269, 425 
67, 273 
145,374 
38,413 
64,307 
89, 106 
85,868 
12,661 


$636,059 

13,144 

59,046 

25,045 

158, 323 

259,011 

280,318 

12, 167 


72,427       1,443,113 


$232,875 

2,717 

42, 705 

9,007 

59, 273 

305,490 

179,085 

575 


$822,029 
78, 668 
216,391 
139, 777 
176,820 
678, 101 
369,059 
30, 605 


831,727 


2,511,450 


,960,388 
161,802 
463,516 
212,242 
458,723 

,331,708 

914,330 

56,008 


5, 558, 717 


FISCAL  YEAR  1916. 


Country. 


Bottles. 


Windows. 


Plate. 


All  other. 


Total. 


Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba 

All  other  North  America 

South  America 

Europe 

Asia  and  Oceania 

Africa 

Total 


$353, 718 
102, 710 
413, 134 
80, 612 
214,067 
748, 755 
144,391 
104,857 


2, 168, 244 


$971,798 

17, 671 

81,967 

34,645 

612, 340 

250, 364 

1,095,454 

56, 677 


$507, 184 

7,928 

111,020 

15,476 

201,682 

326,388 

392,016 

6,487 


$1,099,086 
67,864 
412,514 
241,089 
465,789 
2,523,644 
544,792 
106, 219 


3, 123, 916 


1,568,181 


5,460,997 


$2,931,786 

196,173 

1,021,635 

377,822 

1,493,878 

3,849,151 

2, 176, 653 

274, 240 


12,321,338 


FISCAL  YEAR  1917. 


Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba 

All  other  North  America 

South  America 

Europe 

Asia  and  Oceania 

Africa 

Total 


$566, 
9(i, 
510, 
118, 
312, 
541, 
212, 
76, 


2,435,610 


$1,469,180 

43, 763 

116,803 

84,153 

657^  99e 

100,070 

931,128 

80,503 


3,483,596 


S780,815 

23, 134 
164, 933 

24,172 
261,934 

50, 882 
906,446 

11,013 


2,223,329 


$1,612, 
191, 
524, 
367, 
848, 
1,117, 
623, 
125, 


$4, 


429,596 
355,218 
317, 286 
593,990 
080, 913 
810,097 
673, 909 
293, 521 


5,411,995       13,554,530. 


FISCAL  YEAR  1918. 


Country. 


Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba 

All  other  North  America 

South  America 

Europe 

Asia  and  Oceania 

Africa 

Total 


Bottles. 


$640, 
194, 
973, 
149, 
262, 
141, 
258, 
52, 


Chemical. 


$43,459 
11,033 
26, 020 
5, 557 
24, 856 
11,025 
28,  997 
1,990 


2,671,892  I      152,937 


Window. 


$1,880,459 
114,409 
136,243 

65,  (iSO 
709, 774 

20, 521 
442, 676 

31,358 


3,401,120 


Cut  glass. 


$69,602 
5,941 

43,032 
3,488 

22, 050 
1,682 

11,774 


157, 569 


Plate. 


$904, 

34, 
211, 

24, 
545, 

16, 
702, 

12, 


All  other. 


$1,887,567 
415,711 
794, 790 
339, 605 
878, 389 
225, 845 
557, 766 
77,647 


2,451,918  I  5,177,320 


Total. 


$5,425,752 

775, 592- 
2,184,863 

587, 848 
2,443,250 

417,189 
2, 002, 142 

176, 120 


14,012,756 


TARIFF   IXFOHMATION   SURVEYS. 


23 


Glassuare,  totals— Domestic  eocports — Continued. 
CALENDAR  YEAR,  1918. 


Country. 


Bottles. 


Canada $583,586 

Mexico I        84, 510 

Cuba 1, 410, 245 


All  other  North  America 
South  America.. 

Europe 

Asia  and  Oceania 
Africa 


Total. 


126,577 
220, 717 

51,843 
261, 761 

41,831 


2,781,076 


Chemical.  ^  Window.  !  Cut  glass. 


$43,074 
13,503 
32, 922 

5,565 
34,567 

7,611 
38,287 

4,153 


$1,739,661 

112,735 

220, 689 

()5,320 

1,024,741 

21,025 

512, 552 

115,930 


179,682     3,812,653         139,449 


$62, 366 
5,997 

23,506 
3,690 

28,515 
2,484 

12,891 


Plate. 


$761,638 

54,777 

283,650 

30,754 

797, 982 

2,228 

1,196,791 

27,807 


3, 155, 627 


All  Other.      Total. 


$1, 935, 197 
360,920 
8.52,311 
3^,110 
&52,  .549 
148,080 
839,928 
88,300 


5,401,395 


$5,125,522 

632,448 
2, 823, 323 

556,016 
2,959,071 

ZVi,  271 
2,862,210 

278,021 


15,469,882 


CALENDAR  YEAR  1919. 


Canada $721,494 

Mexico i  134,418 

Cuba I  1,916,426 

Another  North  America.}  139,997 

South  America I  455, 346 

Euror>e i  1, 437, 599 

Asia  and  Oceania i  394,803 

Africa I  83,572 


Total 5,283,655 


$54,420  I  $1,329, 534 


16,205 
23, 610 
10, 754 
38, 316 

7,525 
44,084 

6,055 


176,770 

142, 740 

112,399 

1,640,716 

1,870,559 

1,104,711 

115,179 


$104,789 
21,638 
19, 602 

9,021 
38, 815 
45,243 
28,947 

1,070 


$604, 868 
46, 028 
329,714 
42, 836 
1,360,647 
238, 222 
1,531,497 
67,548 


$2,271,861 

605,183 

848, 864 

433, 440 

1,286,271 

1,497,413 

1,208,544 

177, 308 


200, 969 


6,492,008    269,125  4,221,360  I  8,328,944 


$5,086,966 
1,000,242 
3, 280, 956 

748,447 
4,820,111 
5, 096, 561 
4,312,586 

450, 792 


24, 796, 661 


MINOR  GLASS  MANUFACTURING   OPERATIONS  WHICH   ARE 
SPECIFICALLY  MENTIONED  IN  THE  TARIFF. 


Tariff  Act  of  1913. 

89.  Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered,  cylinder  and  crown  glass, 
riilvcrod,  and  looking-glass  plates  exceeding  in  size  one  hundred  and 
forty-four  square  inches,  shall  be  subject  to  a  duty  of  1  cent  per 
square  foot  in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  on  such 
glass  unsilvered:  Provided,  That  no  lookuig-glass  ]3lates  or  glass  sil- 
vered, when  framed,  shall  pay  a  less  rate  of  duty  than  that  imposed 
upon  similar  glass  of  like  description  not  framed,  but  shall  pay  in 
addition  thereto  upon  such  frames  the  rate  of  duty  applicable  thereto 
when  imported  separate. 

90.  Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  and  cylinder, 
crown,  or  common  window  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  polished  or 
unpolished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded,  enameled, 
beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stamed,  colored, 
painted,  ornamented,  or  decorated,  shall  be  subject  to  a  duty  of  4 
per  centum  ad  valorem  in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable 
thereon. 

95.  Stained  or  pamted  glass  wmdows,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all 
mirrors,  not  exceeding  in  size  one  hundred  and  forty-four  square 
nches,  with  or  without  frames  or  cases,  30  per  centum  ad  valorem. 

PROCESSES    ENUMERATED. 


Silvering. 

Grinding. 

Enameling. 

Embossing. 

Engraving. 

Coloring. 

Painting. 

Etching. 

kSand  blasting 

Bending. 

Obscuring. 

Beveling. 

Cutting. 

Flashing. 

Staining. 

Gilding. 

Frosting. 

DESCRIPTION. 

Printing. 

The  foregoing  manufacturhig  processes  are  all  mentioned  m  the 
tariff  act  of  1913.  They  are  all  auxiliary  operations  which  fit  the 
product  for  some  specific  use,  and  each  operation  adds  materially 
to  the  selling  price  of  the  material.  Many  of  the  terms  are  general 
and  embrace  several  of  the  more  specific  items.  Thus  obscured, 
ornamented,  and  decorated  cover  practically  all  the  processes  men- 
tioned. 

Silvering. — Polished  metal  surfaces  have  been  used  for  mirrors 
for  3,000  years.  The  first  glass  mirrors  were  invented  in  the  twelfth 
century,  but  were  very  crude  affairs  which  quickly  lost  their  bril- 
liancy. The  common  method  of  coatuig  mirrors  prior  to  1870  con- 
sisted ui  coating  the  polished  glass  surface  with  tm  foil.  Mercury 
was  poured  over  the  foil,  and  after  the  excess  had  drained  away,  the 
amalgum  was  backed  with  pauit  to  prevent  deterioration.     Mirrors 

21 


TARIFF   INFORMAIIOISr   SURVEYS.  25 

made  in  this  way  were  rather  inefficient  and  became  spotted  after  a 
short  time.  At  the  present  time,  the  mirror  surface  is  ])roduced 
by  a  coatinp:  of  silver  which  is  precipitated  on  the  o;lass.  The  sur- 
face of  the  glass  is  first  carefully  cleaned  to  remove  all  grease.  Silver 
nitrate  solution  is  poured  over  the  surface  and  the  silver  precipitated 
by  adding  a  reducmg  solution.  This  produces  a  dense  coating  of 
silver  on  the  glass,  which  will  retahi  its  brilliancy  for  an  mdefinite 
period  if  it  is  protected  by  pahituig  or  other  means. 

Bending. — Glass  is  bent  by  hcatmg  to  a  plastic  condition  and 
then  placmg  upon  a  templet  of  the  desired  arc.  This  o])cration,  in 
common  with  all  others  in  which  the  glass  must  be  heated,  ref[uires 
a  large  expenditure  of  fuel.  This  is  a  building  glass  manufacturing 
process  exclusively.  The  ]>roduct  is  consumed  by  sash  makers  for 
the  manufacture  of  bent-glass  windows  and  by  the  manufacturers 
of  glass-front  furniture,  showcases,  and  other  articles. 

Ohscuring. — There  are  many  processes  in  common  use  for  destroy- 
ing the  transparency  of  glass.  This  may  be  accomplished  by 
mechanical  means — grinding  or  sand  blasting;  by  chemical  means — 
etching  or  frosting;  or  by  adding  an  insoluble  material  to  the  glass 
mix.  Many  substances,  notably  arsenic,  render  glass  dense  white 
instead  of  transparent  and  this  property  is  widely  utilized  in  the 
manufacture  of  "art  glass."  Wonderful  effects  are  produced  by  the 
use  of  arsenic  in  combination  with  a  coloring  agent.  All  the  ingre- 
dients may  be  melted  together  in  one  pot — in  which  case  a  uniform 
dense  colored  glass  is  produced — or  the  colored  glass  and  opaque 
glass  may  be  melted  separately  and  mixed  while  they  are  plastic 
rather  than  liquid.  Some  of  the  most  beautiful  art  effects  arc  pro- 
duced by  the  latter  process. 

Grinding. — The  surface  effect  known  as  ground  glass  is  produced 
by  covering  the  surface  with  sand  or  other  abrasive  and  rubbing 
with  cast-iron  plates,  or  by  cutting  the  surface  with  an  abrasive 
wheel.  The  first  process  is  used  when  the  whole  surface  is  to  be 
obscured.  The  use  of  emer}^  wheels  is  confined  to  decorative 
grinding. 

Sand  hlasting. — When  hard  quartz  sand  is  blown  against  a  glass 
surface  by  compressed  air,  the  polish  is  quickly  destroyed.  The 
product  closely  resembles  ground  glass,  but  is  a  cheaper  product 
because  it  is  less  uniform. 

Etching. — Solutions  of  the  salts  of  hydrofluoric  acid,  and  the  acid 
itself  quickly  dissolve  silica  in  any  form.  Glass  which  is  to  be  etched 
is  fust  cleaned  and  then  coated  with  a  layer  of  paraffin.  The  design 
is  scratched  through  the  paraffin  coating  so  that  when  the  etching 
solution  is  poured  over  the  article,  it  can  attack  tlie  glass  at  those 
spots.  The  effect  produced  closely  resembles  grinding.  The  process 
is  confined  to  decorated  table  and  ornamental  ware. 

Frosting. — Frosting  is  the  name  apj)lied  to  an  effect  rather  (lian 
the  result  of  any  particular  process.  Fi-osting  may  be  produced  by 
grinding,  etching,  or  sand  blasting. 

Enarneling. — Glass  enamel  is  easily  fusibh^  glass,  grouiul  and 
mixed  with  any  suitable  liquid  carrier.  Tlie  enamel  is  blushed  on 
the  glass  surface  and  the  whole  is  then  heated  imtil  the  enamel 
fuses  and  adheres  to  the  base.  This  is  a  form  of  decoration  now 
used  only  on  opaque  glass,  but  it  was  one  of  the  first  processes  used 
in  memorial  window  manufacture.  Some  of  the  most  famous 
European  memorial  windows  were  manufactured  in  this  way. 


26  TARIFF  IISTFOKMATION   SURVEYS. 

Beveling. — Beveling  is  the  process  of  chamfering  the  edges  of  a 
plate  of  glass.  The  commonest  use  of  this  form  of  decoration  is  for 
mirrors  and  for  finishing  the  edges  of  glass  desk,  table,  and  counter 
tops.  The  rough  grinding  is  produced  ])y  emery  wheels,  all  the 
scratches  being  removed  by  felt  wheels  and  rouge. 

Kmhossing. — Embossed  glass  is  that  which  has  a  design  worked 
into  the  body  of  the  article  by  raising  or  depressing  parts  of  the 
surface.  The  embossing  may"^  be  performed  after  the  article  is 
shaped,  in  which  case  it  is  an  extra  operation,  but  in  most  com- 
mercial and  ornamental  glassware  the  design  is  worked  in  the  mold 
and  is  transferred  to  the  surface  of  the  glass  by  the  blowing  or 
pressing  operation. 

Cutting  and  engraving  are  decorative  processes  often  performed 
upon  table  and  ornamental  glassware.  The  cutting  is  performed  by 
knife-edged  abrasive  wheels.  The  rough  cut  is  polished  with  rouge 
and  the  whole  article  is  dipped  in  acid  to  enhance  the  brilliancy. 
Cutting  may  add  much  or  little  to  the  value  of  the  article.  The 
value  of  cut  glassware  varies  with  the  kind  of  glass  used,  the  shape 
of  the  article,  and  the  amount  and  depth  of  cutting.  Engraving  is 
light  cutting.  (See  U.  S.  T.  C.  Survey  on  Blown  and  Pressed  Glass- 
ware.) 

Flashing  is  the  art  of  fusing  a  thin  sheet  of  colored  glass  to  a  thicker 
section  of  colorless  material  so  as  to  obtain  the  color  of  the  thin  sheet 
without  sacrificing  transparency  or  durability  in  the  finished  product. 
Many  colored  glasses  are  relatively  opaque,  and  when  transparency 
is  important  a  hashed  section  is  used.  Red  signal  lenses  were  formerly 
made  by  flashing  a  section  of  ruby  glass  on  a  thicker  section  of  color- 
less material.  A  colored  glass  is  now  made  which  is  sufficiently 
transparent  in  thick  sections,  so  the  flashed  lenses  are  no  longer  used 
in  railroad  work. 

Coloring  and  staining. — The  oxides  of  gold,  copper,  iron,  manganese, 
and  many  other  metals  impart  distinctive  colors  to  the  glass  in  which 
they  are  used.  The  coloring  property  is  pronounced  in  many  cases, 
and  very  small  percentages  of  the  oxide  will  entirely  change  the  color 
of  the  product.  The  coloring  agent  is  mixed  with  the  batch,  there 
being  no  extra  expense  other  than  the  cost  of  the  oxide  used.  Stained 
glass  is  a  surface  coloration  produced  by  painting  the  surface  of  the 
glass  with  metal  oxides  and  then  heating  the  article  until  oxide  com- 
bines with  the  body.  Flat,  uniform  color  staining  is  a  process 
requiring  little  skill,  but  coloring  like  that  observed  in  stained  glass 
memorial  windows  is  probably  the  highest  type  of  the  ceramist's  art. 
A  painter  in  oils  can  observe  the  color  efl"ect  as  the  paint  is  laid  on, 
but  the  glass  stainer  works  with  materials  which  show  little  if  any 
color  before  firing.  The  common  practice  in  ornamental  window 
work  is  to  use  opalescent  or  plain  colored  glass  wherever  possible, 
staining  being  employed  to  bring  out  the  lights  and  shadows. 

Painting  and  gilding. — Glass  surfaces  are  often  decorated  by  paint- 
ing with  oil  artists'  colors.  The  product  does  not  require  firing  to  bring 
out  the  color,  but  the  latter  is  easily  marred  and  is  worthless  for 
transmitted  light  because  the  paints  are  opaque  and  destroy  all 
transparency.  Cheap  gilding  consists  of  a  coat  of  bronze  or  gold 
paint.  Ceramic  colors  are  often  used  for  glass  decorating.  These 
are  applied  in  the  same  manner  as  oils,  but  require  firing,  after  which 
they  are  permanent. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


27 


Printing  and  liquid  gold  worJc. — Designs  are  printed  on  glassware 
with  ceramic  colors  either  by  impression  with  a  stamp  or  by  transfer 
from  a  tissue  decalcomania.  The  first  is  common  practice  for  cheap 
decoration,  but  decalcomanias  are  used  on  the  better  grades  of  ware. 

Liquid  gold  is  used  for  all  high-class  gilding  and  gold  banding  work. 
The  material  used  is  finely  divided  gold  or  gold  chloride  solution 
mixed  with  a  liquid  carrier.     It  is  applied  to  the  piece  like  paint. 

All  ceramic  color  and  liquid  gold  decoration  must  be  set  by  fire. 
The  finished  ware  is  placed  in  a  continuous  furnace  and  the  tem- 
perature is  slowly  raised  to  the  required  point  and  then  annealed. 

DOMESTIC    PRODUCTION. 


In  1914,  $16,445,839  worth  of  decorated  and  stained  glassware 
were  produced  in  the  United  States.  This  does  not  include  most  of 
the  decorating  performed  upon  building  glass  and  mirrors.  Two  or 
more  forms  of  decoration  are  often  present  in  a  single  article.  In 
the  following  table  the  processes  commonly  occurring  together  are 
arranged  in  such  a  manner  as  to  show  the  relationship: 

DECORATIVE  PROCESSES. 


a 

o 
> 

60 

c 

.g 
1 

Ph 

si 

i 

1 

1 

g 

B 

o 

.g 

2 
a 

a 
2 
S 

.g 
2 

o 

bi 

a 

i 

o 

B 
o 

1 

o 

b/j 

a 

1 

d 

be 

a 

1 
o 
u 

.g 
> 

(S 

P3 

bi) 

.9 
g 
'3 

bo 

B 

Silvering 

C 

b 

s 

c 

c 

c 
c 

a 
c 

s 
c 

C 

s 
c 

c 

c 
c 

c 

c 

c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
s 
c 
c 
c 
s 

c 
c 

b 

Embossing. 

c 

s 
c 
c 
s 
c 

c 

s 

c 

s 

s 
c 
c 
s 
c 

c 

b 
s 
c 
b 

s 
s 

s 

c 
s 
c 

c 

c 

s 
c 

c 

c 

s 

c 

c 

Gilding  .  .. 

b 

c 
c 

s 
c 

c 
c 

c 

c 

c 

KtPhinf. 

c 

s 
s 

s 

c 
c 

c 

Obscuring  ... 

c 

s 

s 

c 

s 
c 

c 
c 
c 
c 

Fro'^ting    . 

c 

c 

b 

s 

b 

s 

s 

s 

c 

Enameling 

c 
c 

c 
c 

Coloring 

c 

c 

c 

c 

c 

s 
s 
c 

s 

"s  ■ 

c 

Sanding. 

Beveling 

a 

c 

c 

"c" 

c 
c 

s 
c 

c 
s 
c 

c 
b 

c 
c 

c 
c 

c 

Printing..    . 

c 

c 

s 

a  Usually  occurring  with. 
b  Often  occurring  with. 


c  Occasionally  occurring  with. 


I  uccasionaiiy  occurring  wiin. 
Are  or  may  "be  synonomous  terms. 


IMPORTS. 


Decorated  glass  and  glassware  forms  a  considerable  and  increasing 
part  of  the  importations.  The  value  of  this  material  amounted  to 
22.9  per  cent  of  the  total  in  1910;  24  per  cent  in  1914,  and  25.5  per 
cent  in  1919.  Decorated  ornamental  and  tableware  forms  the  bulk 
of  the  imports,  but  the  importations  of  stained  glass  windows  and 
small  mirrors  often  amount  to  a  considerable  part  of  the  total. 

Fc 'lowing  the  passage  of  the  tarilf  act  of  1913  there  Avere  large 
increases  in  the  importations  of  silvered  cylinder  and  other  common 
window  jjlass. 


28  TARIFF   INFOKMATION   SURVEYS. 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  IMPORTS  OF  DECORATED  GLASSWARE. 


Total 
imports. 

Ornamental  and 
tableware. 

Ornamented  plate 
glass. 

Ornamented  window 
glass. 

Value. 

Per  cent. 

Value. 

Per  cent. 

Value. 

Per  cent. 

Fiscal  year: 

1910 

$6, 592, 829 
6,900,853 
6, 175, 705 
6, 408, 810 
8,187,800 

$1,086,324 
1,341,996 

16.5 

19.4 

$24, 185 
39,530 
28,262 
47, 449 
62, 228 
14,531 
2,726 
1,542 

0.4 
.6 
.5 
.  7 
.8 
.3 
.1 
.1 

$201, 498 

201,984 

147,694 

213,992 

185,319 

66,309 

53, 404 

47, 069 

19,010 

21,155 
61,139 

3.1 

1911 

2.9 

1912 

1,063,409  1              17.2 
1,036,717                16.2 
1,218,523                14.9 

2.4 

1913 

3.3 

1914 

2.3 

1915 

1916 

1917 

1918 

4,637,814 
2,303,308 
2,277,058 
1    fi78  QS."! 

591,058 
310, 458 
301,926 
267, 448 

214,466 
429,044 

12.7 
13.5 
13.3 
15.9 

15.2 
20.8 

1.4 
2.3 
2.1 
1.1 

Calendar  year:       ' 

1918 ;     1,414,008 

1.5 

1919 t     2.061.748 

3.0 

Silvered  glass. 

Stained  windows. 

Total  decorated. 

Value. 

Per  cent. 

Value. 

Per  cent. 

Value. 

Per  cent. 

Fiscal  year: 

1910 

.$3, 100 
6,776 
2, 635 

$193,361 
359,502 
272, 259 

2.9 
5.2 
4.4 

81,608,468 

1,949,788 

1,514,259 

1,688,744 

1, 961, 853 

1,029,231 

466, 018 

391, 403 

322,467 

261,091 

517,449 

22.9 

1911 

0.1 

28.2 

1912 

24.5 

1913 

1,554 

389, 032  i                6. 1 

28. 3 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917 

I  68, 147 
I  50, 999 

1  9, 643 
1263 

11,364 

1  1, 297 

'  267 

.8 
1.1 
.4 

427, 636 
306,334 
89,787 
40, 603 
34, 645 

24, 173 
26,999 

5.2 
6.6 
3.9 
1.8 
2.1 

1.7 
1.3 

24.0 
22.1 
20.2 
17.3 

1918 

Calendar  year: 

1918 

1919 

.1 
.1 

19.2 

18.5 
25.1 

'  A  large  percentage  of  this  material  was  decorated  as  well  as  silvered,  but  is  listed  under  silvered  glass  so 
as  to  show  the  increase  in  importations. 

TARIFF    HISTORY. 


Ornamented  and  decorated  glassware,  other  than  plate  and  common 
window  glass,  has  been  dutiable  at  the  following  ad  valorem  rates 
under  the  acts  from  1883  to  1913: 


Tariff  act— 

18S3 

1890 

1894 


Per  cent. 

45 

60 

40 


Tariff  art- 
1897.. 
1909.. 
1913 . . 


Percent. 

60 

60 

45 


In  the  acts  of  1883,  1890,  decorated  glassware  was  covered  in  a 
separate  paragraph.  The  provision  was  split  into  two  paragraphs  in 
the  act  of  1894,  but  the  duty  rate  was  the  same  in  both. 

Decorated  glass  was  combined  with  blown  glassware  in  the  act  of 
1897.     This  classification  was  continued  in  the  subseciuent  acts. 

Ornamented  plate  and  common  vyindoiv  glass,  not  silvered,  has  been 
dutiable  at  the  following  ad  valorem  rates  in  addition  to  any  duties 
levied  on  the  same  ware  not  decorated,  except  that  the  rate  in  1883  was 
the  total  duty  charged: 


Tariff  act— 
1883.... 

1890 

1894 


Per  cent. 

45 

10 

10 


TarifT  aot- 
1897.. 
1909.. 
1913.. 


Per  cent. 

5 

5 

4 


Decorated  building  glass,  other  than  plate  glass,  silvered,  and  look- 
ing-glass plates  were  grouped  with  other  decorated  glassware  in  the 
act  of  1883. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


29 


Silvered  plate  and  unndow  glass  has  been  dutiable  at  the  following 
specific  rates,  based  upon  the  area  of  the  piece.  Duty  in  cents  per 
square  foot: 


Not  exceeding  (inches) 

10x15 

16x24 
10x15 

21x30 
16x24 

24x60 
24x30 

More  than  (inches) 

34  X  60 

Tariff  act— 

1883 

4 

fi 

10 

10 
10 
13 

35 

35 
23 
25 

60 

1890 

Above  144  square 

inches  to  16  x  24 

inches. 

6 

6 

11 

60 

1894 

38 

1897 

38 

Not  exceeding  (square  inches) 

384 
144 

720 
384 

720 

More  than  (square  inches) 

Tariff  act— 

1909 

11 

13 

25 

1913  1 

>  1  cent  per  square  foot  above  the  rate  charged  for  glass  unsilvered. 

Stained-glass  windows  and  parts  and  small  mirrors  less  than  144 
square  inch,  in  area  were  dutiable  at  the  following  ad  valorem  rates 
in  the  various  acts  since  1883: 


Tariff  act— 

18S3 

1890 

1894 


Per  cent. 

45 

45 

35 


TarilT  act- 
1897.. 
1909.. 
1913.. 


Percent. 

45 

45 

30 


In  the  tariff  act  of  1883  all  mirrors  were  classified  with  other  sil- 
vered glass,  and  stained  glass  was  classified  with  other  decorated 
ware. 

TARIFF    CONSIDERATIONS. 

An  ad  A'alorem  rate  is  preferable  in  dealing  with  decorated  glass- 
ware of  all  kinds,  except  silvered  plate  or  window  glass,  because  the 
decorating  cost  varies  betw^een  wide  limits. 

The  change  in  duty  on  silvered  plate  and  window  glass  in  the  act 
of  1913  from  a  total  footage  rate  to  an  additional  rate  of  1  cent  per 
square  foot  resulted  in  a  large  reduction  in  the  duty  on  silvered  win- 
dow glass,  both  polished  and  unpolished.  In  the  period  1909  to  1913 
small  sizes  of  this  material  were  dutiable  at  11  cents  per  square  foot, 
but  under  the  act  of  1913  unpolished  silvered  glass  of  the  same  size 
is  dutiable  at  1  cent  per  pound  or  less  than  one  cent  per  scjuare 
foot,  plus  1  cent  per  square  foot,  while  the  polished  window  glass 
silvered  is  dutiable  at  3  cents  per  square  foot  plus  1  cent  per  square 
foot.  The  imports  of  silvered  window  glass  increased  from  $23  in 
1913  to  S57,432  in  1914  and  $47,853  in  1915.  The  1915  importa- 
tions all  occurred  during  the  time  between  July  1,  1914,  and  the 
outbreak  of  the  war. 

Filled  containers  imported  often  contain  the  name  or  trade-mark 
of  the  manufacturer  of  tlie  contents  embossed  or  etched  on  tlio  glass. 
Although  classed  as  a  decoration,  this  form  of  labeling  lowers  the 
value  of  the  bottle  for  subsequent  use,  and  removes  from  the  market 
large  quantities  of  foreign  bottles  which  would  otherwise  compete 
with  the  domestic  product. 


30 


TAEIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Domestic  manufacturers  of  stained-glass  windows  assert  that  they 
are  obliged  to  pay  duty  on  their  supplies  of  colored  glass,  whereas 
the  foreign  manufacturer  can  import  the  finished  window  free  if  it 
is  ordered  by  a  religious  organization.  Church  windows  form  a  large 
part  of  the  production. 

Glass,  ornamented  and  decorated — Production  in  United  States — 1914. 


f  From  Federal  census.] 


635 


582 

468 

711 

8,067 


Wages 

Paid  for  contract  work 

llent  of  factory 

Taxes,  including  ir.ternal  revenue. 
Expenses  for  principal  materials... 

Fuel  and  rent  of  power 

Value  of  products 

Value  added  by  manufacture 


$4,670,370 

56, 489 

346,029 

52,189 

6,935,106 

207,  .503 

16,445,839 

9,303,230 


Ntmiber  of  establishments 

Persons  employed,  proprietors  and  firm 

meml>ers 

Salaried  ollicers 

Clerks 

Average  nimiber  wage  earners 

Capital  engaged $11, 310, 478 

Salaries  of  ollicials 720,895 

Salaries  of  clerks 592,331 

Glass  ivindows,  stained  or  painted,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all  mirrors,  not  exceeding  in  size 
144  square  inches,  with  or  without  frarnes  or  cases,  when  bent,  (/round,  obscured,  frosted, 
sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  criyrared,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted, 
or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

-A-ctual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

45  per  cent   plus 

5  per  cent. 
.  .  do          

$15.  CO 

$7.50 

Per  cent. 
50.00 

1908    . 

1909 

do     

] 

Glass  windou's,  stained  or  painted,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all  mirrors,  not  exceeding  in  size 
144  square  inches,  with  or  without  frames  or  cases — Imports  for  consumption^Revenue . 


Fiscal  year, 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907  

45  per  cent     

$232,445.89 
3.00 

195,828.46 

178,288.72 

19.00 

193,360.96 

359, 501. 55 

266,408.00 

5,851.00 

389,031.61 

128,335.40 

290,089.96 

9,211.00 

298,967.00 

3.5.00 

3, 682. 00 

3, 6.50. 00 

89, 787. 00 

40, 603. 00 

34, 64.5. 00 

24, 173. 00 

26,999.00 

$104,600.64 
1.01 

88, 122. 81 
80,229.93 

Per  cent. 
45.00 

1907' 

75  per  cent  of  45 
per  cent. 

33.75 

1908 

45.00 

1909 

do         

45. 00 

19(>9« 

Duty  remitted 

1910 

87,012.43 
161,775.70 
119,883.60 

45  00 

1911 

do 

45.00 

1912 

do 

45.00 

1912- 

Duty  remitted 

1913 

175,064.23 
57, 750. 93 
87, 026. 99 

45.00 

1914  ' 

do         

45.00 

1914  1 

30.00 

1914<i 

Free  (.sec.  TV,  M). 

1915 

89, 690. 10 

30.00 

1915' 

Free  (sec.  IV,  J  5).. 

1915  5 

Free  (scc.IV,  M). . 

1915' 

Free 

1916 

30  per  cent 

26,936.10 
12, 180  CO 
10,303.50 
7,251.90 
8,099.70 

30.00 

1917 

do 

30.00 

1918 

do 

do 

30.00 

1918 '        

30.00 

19198 

do 

30.00 

>  From  Philippine  Islands. 

»  For  use  of  foreign  ministers. 

'  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

<  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


6  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 
•  For  construction  and  equipment  of  vessels. 
'  For  use  of  the  United  States. 
8  Calendar  year. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION"    SURVEYS. 
Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered — Rates  of  duty. 


31 


■Vet  of— 

Par. 

1883 

141 

1883 

142 

1890 

116 

1890 

117 

1894 

95 

1894 

96 

1897 

105 

Tariff  classification  or  description. 


1897  I     106 


1909  I    103 


Cast  polished  plate  ."lass,  silvered,  or  boking-glass  plates,  not 
exceeding  10  by  15  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  ecceedinp:  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  1  hat,  and  nit  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

But  no  looking-'jlass  or  plate  glass,  silvered,  when  framed,  shall 
pay  a  less  rate  •  f  duty  than  that  imp :).<ed  upon  similar  glass  cf 
the  like  description  not  framed,  but  shall  be  liable  to  pay,  in 
addition  t)  e-eto  on  such  frames. 
Cast  polished  plate  rlass,  silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  not 
exceeding  16  bv  24  inches  souare. 

Above  tliat,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  souare , . 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

But  no  looking-slass  plates,  or  plate  glass,  silvered,  when  framed, 
shall  pav  a  less  rate  of  duty  than  that  imposed  upon  similar 
glass  cf  like  description  not"  framed,  but  shall  pay  in  addition 
thereto  upon  such  frames  the  rate  of  duty  applicable  thereto 
when  imported  separate. 
Cast  pMi.shcd  plate  glass,  silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  ex- 
ceeding in  size  144  square  inches,  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24 
inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

But  no  looking-glass  plates  or  plate  glass,  sihered,  when  framed, 
shall  pay  a  less  rate  of  duty  than  that  imposed  upon  similar 
glass  of  like  description  not  framed,  but  shall  pay  in  addition 
thereto  upon  such  frames  the  rate  of  duty  applicable  thereto 
when  imported  separate. 
Cast  poli.shed  plate  glass,  silvered,  cylinder  and  crown  glass, 
silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  exceeding  in  size  144  square 
inches  and  not  exceeding  16  bv  24  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exreedi'ng  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

But  no  looking-glass  plates  or  ])Iate  gla.ss,  silvered,  when  framed, 
shall  pav  a  less  rate  of  duty  than  that  imposed  upon  similar 
glass  of  like  description  not  framed,  but  shall  pay  in  addition 
thereto  upon  such  frames  the  rate  of  duty  applicable  thereto 
when  imported  separate. 
Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered,  cylinder  and  crown  glass, 
silvered,  and  looking-glass  i)lates,  exceeding  in  size  144  square 
inches  and  not  exceeding  384  square  inches. 

.Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches 

All  above  that 

Provided.  That  no  looking-glass  plates  or  plate  gla,ss,  silvered, 
when  framed,  shall  pay  a  less  rate  of  duly  than  that  imposed 
upon  stmihir  ghiss  of  like  description  not  framed,  but  shall  pay 
in  addition  tlicreto  upon  sucli  frames  the  rate  of  duty  applicable 
thereto  wlion  imported  separate. 
Cast  poiislicd  plate  glass,  silvered,  cylinder  and  crown  glass, 
silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  exceeding  in  size  144  square 
inches,  shall  1)C  subject  to  a  duty  of. 
in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  on  such  glass  un- 
silvered:  I'rovidid.  Tliat  no  looking-glass  plates  of  glasssilvered, 
when  framed,  shall  pay  a  less  rate  of  duly  lluui  thai  unposed 
upon  similar  glass  of  like  descripl  ion  not  fiame(l,  hut  shall  (lay 
in  addition  thereto  upon  such  f  rami's  t  In;  rate  of  duty  api)licable 
thereto  when  imported  separate. 


Rates  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 


4  cents  per  square  foot. 

6  cents  per  square  foot. 
10  cent  s  per  sr  i  uare  foot . 
35  cents  persipiare  f  5ot. 
60  cents  per  stiuare  f  )0t. 
30  per  cent  ad  valorem. 


6  cents  per  square  foot. 

lOcents  per  square  f  )ot. 
35  cents  per  square  foot. 
60  cents  per  square  foot. 


6  cents  per  square  foot. 


10  cents  per  square  foot. 
23  cents  per  square  foot. 
38  cents  per  square  foot. 


11  cents  per  square  foot. 


13  cents  per  square  foot. 
25  cents  per  sauare  foot. 
38  cents  per  square  foot. 


11  cents  per  square  foot. 


13  cents  per  square  foot 
25  cents  per  squari  foot 


1  cent  per  square  fool. 


32 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Cast  -polished  plate  glass  and  cylinder,  croivn,  and  common  window  glass,  decorated — 

Rates  of  duty. 


Act 
of- 

Par. 

Tariff  classification  or  description. 

Rates  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 

18S3 
1890 

1894 

1897 

1909 

"iis' 

97 
107 

104 

(No  corresponding  provision). 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  and  cylinder, 
crown,  or  common  window-glass,  when  ground,  obscured, 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  en- 
graved, stained,  colored,  or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated, 
shall  be  subject  to  a  duty  of. 

in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  thereon. 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  and  cylinder, 
crown,  or  common  window  s;lass,  when  Ijent ,  groimd,  obscured, 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  en- 
graved, (lashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or  otherwise  orna- 
mented or  decorated,  shall  be  subject  to  a  duty  of. 

in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  thereon. 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  and  cylinder, 
crown,  or  common  window  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  when 
bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled, 
etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  staiiied,  colored,  painted, 
or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated,  shall  be  subject  to  a 
duty  of. 

in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  thereon. 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  and  cylinder, 
crown,  or  common  window  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered, 
polished  or  unpolished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted, 
sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed, 
stained,  colored,  painted,  ornamented,  or  decorated,  shall  be 
subject  to  a  duty  of. 

in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  thereon. 

10  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Do. 
5  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Do. 

Cast  polished  plate  glass — Rates  of  duty. 


Act 
of- 

Par. 

Tariff  classification  or  description. 

Rates  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 

1913 

90 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered,  and  cylinder, 
crowm,  or  common  window  glass,  silvered  or  unsilvered, 
polished  or  unpolished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted, 
sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved, 
flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  ornamented,  or  decorated, 
shall  be  subject  to  a  duty  of. 

in  addition  to  the  rates  otherwise  chargeable  thereon. 

4  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Stained  or  painted  glass  windows  and  mirrors — Rates  of  duty. 


Act  of— 

Par. 

Tariff  classification  or  description. 

Rates  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 

1883 
1890 

1894 
1897 
1909 
1913 

143 

122 

102 
112 
109 
95 

*  *  *  stained  glass, andall  other  manufacturesofglass  or  of  which 
glass  shall  be  the  comoonent  material  of  chief  value,  not  specially 
enumerated  or  provided  for  in  this  act. 

All  stained  or  painted  window  irlass  and  stained  or  painted  glass 
windows,  and  hand,  pocket,  or  table  mirrors  not  exeeedini;  in 
size  144  square  inches,  with  or  without  frames  or  cases,  of  what- 
ever material  composed,  *  *  *  and  not  specially  provided  for 
in  this  act,    *    *    *. 

All  stained  or  painted  elass  windows,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all 
mirrors  not  exceeding  in  size  144  square  inches,  with  or  without 
frames  or  cases,     *    *    *. 

Stained  or  painted  glass  windows,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all  mir- 
rors, not  exceedins  in  size  144  square  inches,  with  ot  without 
frames  or  cases,    *    *    *. 

Stained  or  painted  glass  windows,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all  mir- 
rors, not  exceedinc  in  size  144  square  inches,  with  or  without 
frames  or  cases,     *    *    *. 

Stained  or  painted  glass  windows,  or  parts  thereof,  and  all  mir- 
rors, not  exceeding  in  size  144  square  inches,  with  or  without 
frames  or  cases,    *    *    *. 

45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Do. 

35  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Do. 
30  per  cent  ad  valorem 

tariff  information  surveys.  33 

Court  and  Treasury  Decisions. 

[Par.  87,  act  of  1913.1 

Glass  cast  upon  a  plate  or  tabic  without  the  application  of  further 
processes  of  manufacture  is  plate  glass.  Sucli  glass,  when  rendered 
translucent  or  opaque  by  the  addition  of  j^igments  to  the  composi- 
tion prior  to  being  cast,  is  not  obscured  plate  glass  within  the  pro- 
viso to  paragraph  87,  the  term  "obscured  plate  glass"  being  inter- 
preted to  mean  such  as  is  rendered  translucent  or  opaque  by  processes 
applied  after  the  cast  leaves  the  plate  and  similar  to  the  processes 
of  grinding  or  smoothing  glass,  the  words  "otherwise  obscured" 
being  limited  to  proceses  similar  to  those  enumerated  in  the  pro- 
vision. (G.  A.  5007,  T.  D.  23320,  of  1901.)  Rolled  plate  glass, 
colored  by  the  introduction  of  some  pigment  or  metallic  substance 
in  the  molten  material  prior  to  casting  upon  the  table  or  plate,  was 
held  to  be  neither  "obscured"  glass  under  paragraph  102  of  the  act 
of  1909  nor  unpolished  cylinder,  crown,  or  common  window  glass 
under  paragraphs  99  and  104,  but  because  of  the  restriction  of  the 
importer's  claim  to  paragra])hs  99  and  104  the  collector's  decision  was 
undisturbed.      (G.  A.  7358,  T.  D.  32486,  of  1912.) 

[Par.  88,  act  of  1913.] 

Plate  glass,  ground  concave  for  use  in  the  manufacture  of  magnify- 
ing mirrors,  which  was  classified  as  ground  and  polished  glass  under 
paragraph  98,  act  of  1909,  was  held  dutiable  as  plate  glass  under 
paragraphs  102  and  104.      (Abstract  27543,  T.  D.  32149,  of  1912.) 

Polished  plate  glass  with  holes  ground  in  each  end  was  held  to 
be  plate  glass  rather  than  ground  glass  articles.  (Abstract  27811, 
T.  D.  32298,  of  1912.) 

[Par.  89,  act  of  1913.) 

Reflector  glasses  in  the  form  of  glass  sheets  not  fashioned  into 
reflectors  were  held  dutiable  under  paragraph  103  of  the  act  of  1909 
as  cylinder  glass,  silvered.  (T.  D.  31342,  31387,  of  1911.)  Parabolic 
mirrors,  cast,  polished  plate  glass,  silvered  and  bent,  with  concave 
reflecting  surface  for  searchlights,  were  held  dutiable  under  para- 
graphs 103  and  104  of  that  act  (General  Electric  v.  United  States, 
5  Ct.  Gust.  Appls.,  528,  of  1915;  Same  v.  Same,  7  Ct.  Gust.  Appls., 
157,  of  1916)  and  metal  frames  for  them  as  metal  articles  or  wares 
under  paragraph  199  (Abstract  350S1,  T.  D.  34279,  of  1914,  and 
Abstract  38196,  of  1915,  affirmed  in  General  Electric  v.  United 
States,  supra), 

[Par.  90,  act  of  1913.] 

Congress  did  not  draw  a  distinction  between  glass  colored  and 
colored  glass,  nor  between  glass  articles  colored  and  articles  of  col- 
ored glass.  The  question  enacted  into  law  was  whether  or  not  cyl- 
inder glass  was  colored,  etc.;  if  so,  it  was  subject  to  the  additional 
duty  provided  for  in  paragraph  104  of  the  act  of  1909.  (Abstract 
37549  of  1915.)  Certain  glass  colored  in  the  pot  was  also  held  sub- 
ject to  the  additional  duty  provided  in  paragraph  90  of  the  act  of 
1913.  (Abstract  40734  of  1917.)  Merchandise  consisting  of  two 
polished  cylinder  glass  sheets  glued  together,  with  a  rim  of  adhesive 
substance  to  keep  the  dampness  from  between  the  sheets,  and 
designed  for  use  as  material  for  automobile  wind  shields,  is  too  far 
advanced  for  classification  as  polished  cylinder  glass,  and  falls  within 
paragraph  95  as  "  all  glass  or  manufactures  of  glass."  (United  States 
V.  Schrenk,  7  Ct.  Gust.  Appls.,  451,  of  1917.) 
47578— 21— B-9 3 


BOTTLES,  VIALS,  JARS,  CARBOYS,  AND  DEMIJOHNS. 


SUMMAKY. 


Imported  bottles  and  other  glass  containers,  either  filled  or  empty, 
plain,  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  whether  of  flint, 
lime,  or  lead  composition,  are  dutiable  under  the  tariff  act  of  1913 
at  30  per  cent  ad  valorem.  When  the  filled  bottles  or  containers 
contain  merchandise  subject  to  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duty,  they  are 
dutiable  at  the  rate  applicable  to  their  contents. 

DOMESTIC   PRODUCTION. 

The  production  of  this  ware  in  1914  was  valued  at  nearly 
$52,000,000,  or  over  42  per  cent  of  all  glass  products.  The  increase 
in  the  10-year  period  from  1904  was  54.5  per  cent.  It  was  manufac- 
tured in  19  States  in  147  factories  operated  by  118  companies  in 
1917.  Forty-five  per  cent  of  the  total  production  was  made  on  auto- 
matic machines,  about  35  per  cent  on  semiautomatic  machines  and 
hand  labor,  and  about  20  per  cent  by  hand  labor  only.  In  1913  there 
were  11,000  skilled  men  in  the  Glass  Bottle  Association  making  this 
ware. 

TARIFF    CONSIDERATIONS. 

The  duty  of  30  per  cent  ad  valorem  is  applied  on  foreign  products 
which  compete  with  the  domestic  product  made  either  by  skilled 
workmen  by  hand  or  that  made  by  automatic  machines  without  the 
touch  or  aid  of  a  human  hand.  One  of  these  machines  in  this  country 
produces  1-dram  bottles  at  the  rate  of  165  per  minute,  or  350  gross 
of  beer  bottles  in  24  hours,  displacing  in  this  latter  production  about 
54  skilled  workmen. 

The  makers  of  bottles  by  automatic  machines  have  no  fear  of  for- 
eign competition.  They  expect  to  hold  the  domestic  market  against 
foreign  competition  by  the  superior  quality  of  their  bottles  made  in 
modern  constructed  factories,  sanitarily  arranged,  and  with  improved 
methods  for  the  systematic  factory  handling  of  their  product.  These 
factors,  combined  with  prompt  and  efficient  service,  make  them  inde- 
pendent of  tariff  duties. 

The  makers  of  bottles  by  hand,  however,  are  depending  upon  a 

Erotective  tariff  upon  the  ground  of  high  wages  and  labor  cost, 
[and  blowers  of  bottles  in  1914  earned  an  average  weekly  wage  of 
$28.36.  In  1917  the  blowers  average  weekly  earnings  were  $34.56, 
an  increase  of  nearly  22  per  cent.  Semiautomatic  machine  tenders 
in  1914  earned  an  average  weekly  wage  of  $18.50,  and  in  1917,  $26.88, 
an  increase  of  45  per  cent.  These  increases  will  probably  be  main- 
tained for  some  time  to  come,  resulting  in  an  increase  in  labor  cost 
per  gross.  The  executive  official  of  the  Glass  Bottle  Blowers'  Asso- 
ciation stated  to  the  Tariff  Commission  that  a  fair  and  equitable  tariff 
was  absolutely  necessary,  but  not  a  high  tariff. 

34 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


35 


^  At  the  1913  hearings  New  York  importers  urged  that  the  duty 
simply  helped  the  manufacturer  to  keep  out  all  foreign  competition, 
and  thus,  in  spite  of  the  low  producing  cost  of  machine-made  bottles 
as  compared  with,  the  European  lung-blown  bottles,  the  domestic 
manufacturer  is  enabled  to  keep  up  prices  and  obtains  an  opportunity 
to  control  prices. 

On  the  basis  of  the  present  duties  American  manufactm'ers  of  both 
hand  and  machine  products  have  been  and  are  able  to  meet  any  com- 
petition that  has  arisen  or  may  arise  from  foreign  sources.  Hand 
skilled  workmen  and  manufacturers  of  hand-made  glass  have  met 
and  adjusted  themselves  to  domestic  machine  competition  of  the 
most  trying  character,  far  more  difficult  to  meet  than  any  foreign 
competition  could  possibly  be. 

Since  1896  the  annual  imports  of  empty  bottles,  the  true  index  of 
foreign  effort  to  compete  in  the  American  market,  have  rarely  reached 
$300,000  in  value,  and  only  in  the  fiscal  year  ending  1914  have  the 
imports  of  empty  and  filled  bottles  reached  $1,000,000  in  value. 

Summary  table. 


Year. 

Domestic 
produc- 
tion. 

Imports 
for  con- 
sump- 
tion.! 

Domestic 
exports. 

Ratio  to  produc- 
tion. 

Value 
(imports 
for  con- 
sump- 
tion). 

Amount 
of  duty. 

Actual 

or  ad 

valorem 

rate. 

Imports. 

Exports. 

1910 

$300,475 
260, 177 
214,442 

Per  cent. 

Per  cent. 

$300,475 

260, 177 

214,442 

211,729 

217,995 

84,578 

24,347 

19,235 

5,844 

6,G5G 

14,180 

$127,967 

120,620 

95,800 

92,013 

71,227 

25,373 

7,297 

5,770 

1,753 

1,997 

4,253 

Per  cent. 
42.59 

1911 

46.36 

1912 

44.67 

1913 

211,729 

2  $808, 327 
711,353 
772,427 
2, 168, 244 
2,435,610 
2,671,892 
9  781    076 

43. 46 

1914 '$51,958,728 

1915 

217,995 
84,578 
24,347 
19,235 
5,844 
6,656 

0.42 

1.37 

32.67 
30.00 

1916 

30.00 

1917 

30.00 

1918 

30.00 

1918  3 

30.00 

1919  3 

14,180   5'2S.3!6.'i5 

30.00 

1  The  figures  below  include  only  empty  bottles,  vials,  jars,  etc. 

2  Included  in  all  other  glassware  prior  to  1913. 

3  Calendar  year. 

General  Information. 


TARIFF   CLASSIFICATION. 


83.  Plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  liine,  or 
lead  glass  bottles,  vials,  jars,  and  covered  and  uncovered  demijoliiis, 
and  carboys,  anv  of  the  foregoing,  filled  or  undlled,  not  otherwise 
specially  provided  for  in  this  section,  and  wiiethor  their  contents 
be  dutiable  or  free  (except  such  as  contain  merchandise  subject  to 
an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duty,  or  to  a  rate  of  duty  based  in  whole  or 
in  part  upon  the  value  thereof  which  shall  be  dutiable  at  the  rate 
applicable  to  their  contents),  30  per  centum  ad  valorem:  Pnnidcd, 
That  the  terms  bottles,  vials,  jars,  demijohns,  and  carboys,  as  used 
herein,  shall  be  restricted  to  such  articles  when  suitable  for  use 
as  and  of  the  character  onhnarily  employed  as  contaiiu^rs  for  the 
holding  or  transportation  of  merchandise,  and  not  as  appliances  or 
implements  in  chemical  or  other  operations. 


36  TARIFF    INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 

DESCRIPTION. 

The  l)()ttles  and  other  glass  containers  included  in  this  catalogue 
and  defined  in  jjaragraph  83  of  the  act  of  1913,  include  bottles,  vials, 
and  jars,  demijohns,  and  carboys.  They  may  be  plain  green  or 
colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  of  the  compositions  known  as  flint, 
lime,  or  lead.  Paragraph  83  thus  defines  them:  "Plain  green  or 
colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead  glass  bottles,  vials, 
jars,  and  covered  and  uncovered  demijohns,  and  carboys,  any  of  the 
foregoing,  filled  or  unfilled,  not  otherwise  specially  prdvided  for  in 
this  section,  and  whether  their  contents  be  dutiable  or  free  (except 
such  as  contain  merchandise  subject  to  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duty, 
or  to  a  rate  of  duty  based  in  whole  or  in  part  upon  the  value  thereof 
which  shall  be  dutiable  at  the  rate  applicable  to  their  contents),  30 
per  cent  ad  valorem:  Provided,  That  the  terms  bottles,  vials,  jars, 
demijohns,  and  carboys,  as  used  herein,  shall  be  restricted  to  such 
articles  when  suitable  for  use  as  and  of  the  character  ordinarily 
employed  as  containers  for  the  holding  or  transportation  of  mer- 
chandise, and  not  as  appliances  or  implements  in  chemical  or  other 
operations." 

DOMESTIC   PRODUCTION. 

Materials. — The  materials  used  include  sand,  soda  ash,  ground 
limestone,  common  salt,  sulphur,  antimony,  and  arsenic,  all  products 
of  the  United  States.  Prior  to  the  war,  imported  manganese  from 
Russia  was  also  used;  and  since,  a  domestic  by-product  of  copper, 
selenium,  was  substituted  for  manganese.  With  a  raw  lime  batch,  a 
domestic  product  called  Frink  decolorizer  is  used,  and  no  other 
chemicals  are  required. 

Methods  of  production. — Automatic  bottle-making  machines  pro- 
duce 45  per  cent  of  the  total  production  of  bottles  in  the  United 
States.  The  glass  ingredients  are  melted  in  a  large  basin  called  a 
continuous  tank.  The  glass  when  melted  flows  through  the  furnace 
to  the  machine  and  by  a  vacuum  process,  the  machine  automatically 
draws  a  sufficient  quantity  of  glass  from  the  furnace  to  form  a  blank 
and  automatically  transfers  the  blank  from  the  blank  mold  to  the 
blow  mold,  and  the  bottle  drops  out  of  the  machine  a  finished  article. 
It  makes  all  sizes  from  1-dram  bottles  to  12-gallon  bottles.  It 
makes  1-dram  bottles  at  the  rate  of  165  per  minute.  Excepting  a 
man  to  oil  the  machine  no  machine  operators  are  used.  The  labor 
cost  is  negligible.  The  changes  and  progress  in  methods  of  produc- 
tion may  thus  be  stated:  Prior  to  1896  bottles  were  made  entirely  by 
hand;  then  came  a  one-man,  one-boy  machine,  followed  by  a  one-man, 
no-boy  machine  and  then  came  the  no-man,  no-boy  automatic 
machine.  This  American  automatic  machine  is  in  use  under  license 
in  the  British  Isles,  Sweden,  Germany,  Austria,  Russia,  Cuba,  and 
Japan. 

Organization.^ — The  factories  making  this  ware  in  1917  numbered 
147  and  were  operated  by  118  com])anies  in  19  States.  Included  in 
the  total  were  54  machine  factories  and  44  hand  and  machhie  fac- 
tories using  semiautomatic  machines.  In  1916,  in  26  establishments 
making  bottles  by  hand,  the  capital  employed  was  $3,420,516  and 

1  The  Glass  Industry.    Misc.  Series  No.  GO,  Bureau  of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce,  1917. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS.  37 

the  value  of  land,  buildings,  and  equipment  was  $2,221,981,  In  18 
establishmeiits  making  bottles  by  machine  the  capital  em])loyed  was 
$22,416,423  and  the  value  of  land,  buildings,  and  equi])ment  was 
$10,696,556,  while  in  27  establishments  making  bottles  by  hand  and 
machine,  tlie  capital  employed  was  $8,593,877,  and  the  value  of 
land,  buildhigs,  and  equipment  was  $3,506,898, 

The  average  net  profit  on  the  capital  invested  of  the  18  establish- 
ments making  bottles  by  machme  was  7.74  per  cent.  The  net  ])rofit 
of  one  of  these  establisliments  was  33.45  per  cent.  The  net  profits  of 
six  others  ranged  from  9.91  to  18,18  per  cent.  The  net  profit  of 
seven  others  was  less  than  9  per  cent  and  as  low  as  4.09  per  cent. 
The  net  profit  of  one  establishment  v.^as  less  than  2  per  cent,  and  three 
made  no  profits. 

The  average  net  profit  on  cajutal  invested  of  establishments  makhig 
bottles  by  hand  and  machine  was  3.07  per  cent.  Seven  establish- 
ments had  net  profits  ranguig  from  10,07  per  cent  to  27,48  per  cent. 
Six  had  net  profits  of  less  than  10  per  cent  and  as  low  as  1,10  per  cent, 
while  12  establishments  suffered  losses, 

-Twenty-five  establishments  makhig  bottles  by  hand  had  average 
net  profits  of  3.82  per  cent.  Five  of  these  had  net  profits  ranging 
from  12.81  per  cent  to  34,51  per  cent,  Nme  had  net  profits  ranging 
from  0.61  to  9.52  per  cent,  and  nine  suffered  losses.^ 

Domestic  production  and  consumption. — -In  1904  the  value  of  the 
domestic  production  of  bottles,  jars,  etc,  was  $33,631,063,  and  10 
years  later,  in  1914,  it  was  $51,958,728,  an  increase  of  54,5  per  cent. 
Of  all  forms  of  glass  production  this  group  was  the  largest,  behig  in 
value  42.2  per  cent  of  the  total  glass  production  in  1914.  Prescription 
bottles  and  wares  were  the  largest  of  the  group,  the  output  in  1914 
being  4,893,416  gross.  Beer,  soda,  and  mmeral-water  bottles 
amounted  to  4,573,610  gross,  and  glass  containers  used  for  ]>acking 
and  preserving  numbered  3,271,174  gross,  an  increase  in  the  latter  of 
164  per  cent  over  1904.  Milk  jars  hicreased  from  253,651  gross  in 
1904  to  1,188,891  gross  m  1914,  an  increase  of  369  per  cent.  Fruit 
jars  remained  nearly  stationary,  being  1,198,952  gross  m  1914,  or  an 
increase  of  about  13  per  cent.  Automatic  bottle-making  machines 
were  introduced  ui  1903  and  are  to  ])e  considered  in  noting  the  above 
increases.  Hand  production  is  grachially  being  displaced  by  auto- 
matic and  semiautomatic  machhies.  The  automatic  machines  alone 
can  take  care  of  aii}^  increased  demand  created  ])y  develoi)monts  and 
new  uses. 

Domestic  exports. — -The  exports  of  l)ottlcs,  vials,  jars,  carbovs,  etc., 
prior  to  1916  ranged  from  $700,000  to  $800,000  annually.  In  1914 
the  value  of  such  articles  exported  was  $711,353,  while  in  1917  they 
amounted  to  $2,435,610,  an  increase  of  242  per  cent.  Canada,  Cuba, 
the  United  Kingdom,  Argentina  and  othcn-  South  Anuu-ican  countries, 
in  the  order  named,  were  tlie  sections  to  which  these  articles  were 
mainly  exported  in  1917,  sections  of  which  imported  from  Furopi^an 
glass-producing  countries  to  a  great  extent  before  the  war  i)eriod. 
The  automatic-machine  bottle  makers  in  the  United  States  "can 
produce  a  bottle  cheajier  than  any  one  else  hi  the  world,"  but  do  not 

•  Excepting  the  Owens  Bottle  Machine  Co.,  there  are  no  dominatinRly  large  concerns  included  in  the 
118  coin[)anic.s.  Most  of  thorn  are  relafivdv  sma'l.  The  outstanding  cai>ital  stock  of  (he  Owens  Co.  in 
1918  was  $16,88;3,22r).  The  dividends  in  lillS  were  8^  per  cent  in  preferred  stock  and  15  per  cent  regular  on 
the  coninion  stock  and  8  per  cent  extra.  The  amount  was  $2,850,430.  (Annual  report  of  company,  Apr.  8, 
1919.) 


38  TAEIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

export  their  product.  Their  machines  are  m  use,  under  license,  in  all 
of  the  European  glass-]iroducing  countries,  and  they  do  not  interfere 
with  or  coni])cte  with  the  European  product. 

American  makers  of  hand-made  bottles  can  not,  they  say,  enter 
uito  foreign  competitive  markets,  as  their  labor  cost  of  production  is 
greatly  m  excess  of  European  labor  cost. 

FOREIGN    PRODUCTION. 

Statistics  of  foreign  production  are  not  available.  For  the  year 
1913,  however,  the  figures  of  imports  of  bottles  by  82  foreign  countries 
show  that  hi  value  they  amounted  to  $14,051,082,  and  of  this  amount 
the  exports  from  tlie  United  States  amounted  to  S808,327.  Of  the 
total,  the  prmcipal  glass-producmg  countries  imported  from  each 
other  a  total  of  $5,775,620,  includhig  Germany,  Austria,  France, 
Netherlands,  Italy,  and  the  United  Kingdom.  The  same  year  the 
exports  of  hollow  glassware  from  Germany  were  valued  at  15^  millions 
of  dollars,  from  Austria  Tk  millions,  from  France  6i  millions,  Belgium 
4^-  millions.  United  Khigdom  3  millions,  Netherlands  600  thousand. 
In  none  of  these  countries  is  domestic  consumption  indicated,  but  to 
some  extent  their  potential  power  is  indicated  by  the  above  figures. 

A  report  on  the  condition  of  the  Belgian  glass  mdustry  by  Consul 
Charles  Roy  Nasmith,  Brussels,  under  date  of  March  13,  1919, 
states  that  "there  was  only  one  bottle  factory  in  1914  and  that  was 
at  Jumet,  where  two  furnaces  were  in  operation.  They  were  in 
0]>eration  durhig  the  war  and  continue  to  work.  A  new  factory  is 
being  constructed  at  Merxem,  near  Antwerp,  with  three  furnaces 
with  basins,  which  will  work  by  means  of  a  French  system  similar  to 
the  Owens.  These  furnaces  ma}^  be  heated  with  tar.  A  furnace 
using  this  method  is  operating  in  Holland  and  gives  good  results." 

IMPORTS. 

Imports  of  ])ottles  and  other  glass  containers  include  those  that  are 
filled  as  well  as  the  empty  ones.  Champagne,  other  wines,  ale, 
mhicral  water,  olive  oils,  and  other  foreign  ]:)roducts  are  imported  in 
glass  containers  and  the  latter  when  emptied  become  competitive 
with  American  bottles  and  containers.  Only  for  the  fiscal  3'ear 
ending  June,  1914,  did  the  imports  of  filled  and  empty  glass  containers 
reach  a  value  of  a  million  dollars.  In  that  vear  it  was  $1,148,460, 
while  from  1910  to  1912  it  was  from  $819,918  to  $913,688.  Since 
1896  the  imports  of  empty  bottles  alone  rarely  reached  $300,000  in 
value.  The  exception  was  the  year  1907,  wiien  the  value  of  imported 
em])ty  bottles  was  $420,517. 

The  testimony  of  officials  (1918)  representative  of  both  American 
manufacturers  and  skilled  workmen  was  to  the  effect  that  the  bottle 
business  of  the  United  States  has  never  suffered  to  any  extent  from 
foreign  competition  exceptuig  in  special  shapes,  such  as  high-grade 
perfume  and  toilet-water  bottles. 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


39 


Bottles,  vials,  jars,  carboys,  and  demijohns — Production  in  United  States — States. 

[From  Federal  Census.] 


California 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Kansas 

Maryland 

Missouri 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

Ohio 

Oklahoma 

Pennsylvania. 

Virginia 

West  Virginia. 
Another 


States  or  cities. 


1899 


$2,678,780 
6,327,468 


346,633 

260,000 

4,452,219 

1,195,276 

1,058,955 


Total 21,676,791     33,631,063 


4,162,990 
(') 

381,847 
812,623 


1904 


$855,446 

4,949,156 

7,213,456 

407, 868 

536,478 

607,383 

6,066,714 

1,866,245 

2,961,727 

(') 

5,951,144 

549,031 

602,002 

1,064,413 


$873,434 

4,304,795 

6,982,378 

651,376 

528, 767 

(1) 

5,884,605 

1,884,394 

4,717,658 

0) 

7,778,787 

681,900 

646,521 

1,083,718 


36,018,333 


1914 


(') 
$6,680,700 
9,155,163 

(') 
1,244,760 

759,627 
7,176,787 
2,343,683 
7,422,402 

603,559 
8,  £30, 255 

650,420 
3,777,445 
3,173,927 


51,958,728 


'  Included  in  "All  other  States"  to  avoid  disclosing  the  operations  of  individual  establishments. 
Bottles,  vials,  jars,  carboys,  and  demijohns — Production  in  United  States. 
[From  Federal  Census.] 


Varieties. 


1899 


1904 


1909 


1914 


Prescription  bottles,  vials,  and  druggist  wares 

Beer,  soda,  and  mineral 

Liquor  bottles  and  flasks 

Milk  jars 

Frui  t  jars 

Battery  jars  and  other  electrical  goods 

Patent  and  proprietary 

Packers  and  preservers 

Demijohns  and  carboys , 

Total  values 


Gross. 

2,423,932 

1,351,118 

985,374 

146, 142 

789, 298 

(') 

1,296,131 

784,588 

Dozens. 
83,243 


Gross. 
3,202,586 
2,351,852 
2,157,801 
253,651 
1,061,829 
19, 974 
1,657,372 
1,237,065 

Dozens. 
64,450 


Gross. 
3,624,022 
2,345,204 
1,887,344 
440,302 
1,124,485 
9, 981 
1,637,798 
1, 237, 175 

Dozens. 
122,570 


Gross. 
4,893,416 
4,573,610 
2,689,022 
1,188,891 
1,198,952 
79,211 
1,384,689 
3,271,174 

Dozens. 
160,796 


$21,676,791 


$33,631,063 


$36,018,333 


$51,958,728 


1  Not  reported  separately. 

Bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  carboys,  and  jars  (except  blovm),  plain,  green,  or  colored,  ordi- 
narily used  as  containers,  empty  or  filled  (dutiable) — Imports  by  countries  (fiscal  years). 


Imported  from— 

1910 

1911 

1912 

1913 

1914 

1915 

Austria- II  ungary 

Belgium 

France 

Germany 

Italy 

Netherlands.' 

$117,061 

901 

285,913 

163,313 

27, 72,3 

38,882 

12,564 

1,869 

93,539 
15,212 
3,368 
47,978 
11,595 

$120,115 

10,877 

272, 205 

246, 258 

27,786 

.33,548 

11,140 

8,441 

94, 152 
12,894 
1,325 
52,782 
13,983 

$136,497 

371 

293,333 

235, 160 

28,644 

20, 133 

15,238 

4,820 

77,789 
17,779 
1,751 
01,282 
20,885 

3143,086 

439 

277,439 

201, 883 

33,565 

11,476 

10,820 

2,091 

61,991 
13,482 
2,012 
66,563 
15,550 

$122,372 

3,389 

326,598 

200,010 

40,938 

22, 745 

12,277 

3,401 

133,016 
86,340 
16,760 
78,839 
41,775 

S52,580 
1,178 
226, 887 
114,343 
40,714 
16,407 

Spain 

Sweden 

United  Kingclom: 

9,401 
2,758 

129,913 

102,099 

14,346 

66,504 

Another    

39,363 

Total     

819,918 

911,506 

913,688 

843,397 

1,148,460 

816,493 

40 


TARIFF   INFORMATIOiSr   SURVEYS. 


Bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  carboys,  and  jars  (except  blown),  plain,  green,  or  colored,  ordi- 
narily iLsed  as  containers,  empty  or  filled  {dutiable)— Imports  by  countries  {fiscal  years) — 
Continued. 


Imported  from- 


Austria-Himgary. 

Belgium 

France 

Germany 

Italy 

Netherlands 

Spain 

Sweden 

United  Kingdom: 

England 

Scotland 

Ireland 

Canada 

Another 

Total 


$10,922 
101 


766,592 


1917 


268,475 

$314,864 

44,548 

61 

30, 734 

30, 672 

23,147 

13,215 

10, 124 

10,424 

2,295 

1,159 

104,335 

89,583 

170,388 

207, 217 

19,391 

10,692 

22,357 

15,074 

59,775 

56,880 

749,841 


1918 


$162,950 


1,477 
4,496 
6,093 


22,065 
74,494 
1,817 
26,961 
26,358 


326,711 


19181 


$90, 152 


385 
'667' 


4,110 

1,239 

12 

4,383 

13, 490 


114,438 


19191 


$4,299 


39,099 
31,958 
6,275 
2,425 
3,765 


13,792 
57 


2,858 
11,400 


115,928 


I  Calendar  year. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  flint,  lime,  or  lead,  empty  and  filled,  holding  less  than  ^  pint — 
Imports  for  consumption— Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

50  cents  per  gross.. 
do    

Gross. 

1,128.43 

2,144.17 

690.00 

1,005.35 

$820.00 

1,870.50 

524.00 

850.00 

$564. 22 

1,072.11 

345.01 

502. 68 

$0,727 
.872 
.759 
.845 

Per  cent. 
68.01 

1908 

57.32 

1909  

.  ...do       

65.84 

1910 

do       

59.14 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  empty  and  filled,  holding 
less  than  \  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907  

50  cents  per  gross. . 
do       

Gross. 
2, 687. 03 
2,557.21 
2,051.86 
1, 752. 01 

$2,085.00 
1,945.00 
1,796.79 
1,448.00 

$1,343.51 

1,278.60 

1,025.95 

875.99 

$0. 776 
.761 

Per  cent. 

64.44 

1908 

65.74 

1909 

do     

.876                57.10 

1910 

do       

.826                60.50 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lirne,  or  lead, 
empty  and  filled,  holding  less  than  ^  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1911 

50  cents  per  gross.. 
do       

Gross. 
7,  .594. 89 
3,409.76 
5,569.23 
492. 27 

$5,043.00 

2,415.32 

4,010.21 

398.00 

$3, 797. 45 

1,704.90 

2,784.65 

246. 13 

$0,664 
.708 
.721 
.808 

Per  cent. 
75.30 

1912 

70.59 

1913 

do     

69.34 

1914  1 

do 

61.84 

I  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


TAKIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


41 


Bottles  or  jugs  containing  brandy  and  other  spiritvx)us  liquors,  holding  less  than  \  pint — 
Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

50  cents  per  gross.. 
do 

Gross. 
145.50 
229.52 
795. 94 

(I)          t         $72. 76 
(1)           i          114.77 
(1)           i          .-^SS.  01 

Per  ceru. 

1908 

1909 

do 

1  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  with  value  of  the  contents. 

Bottles  or  jugs  containing  wines  (except  champagne  and  all  other  sparkling),  cordials, 
brandy,  and  other  spirituous  liquors,  holding  less  than  \  pint — Imports  for  consump- 
tion— Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

advaloiem 

rate. 

1910 

50  cents  per  gross.. 
do 

Gross. 
756. 55 
696.53 
30.00 

568.71 

1,117.59 

107. 93 

0) 
(1) 
(1) 

(') 
(') 
0) 

$378. 30 
348.32 

Per  cent. 

1911 

1911  2 

Duty  remitted 
(sec.  21,  act  Aug. 
5, 1909). 

50  cents  per  gross.. 
do 



1912 

284. 37 

558. 83 

53.97 

1913 

19143 

....  do 

•  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  vrith  value  of  the  contents. 

2  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 

'  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  flint,  lime,  or  lead,  empty  and  filled,  holding  not  more  than  1  pint 
and  not  less  than  \  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

I 
Rate  of  duty.      l    Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

li  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
107, 836. 00 

S2.S84.I3 

$1,617.53 
5, 186. 12 

$0,027 
.027 
.019 

.027 
.032 
.011 

Per  cent. 
56.08 

1908 

345,737.66            9;240.05 
18,200.00               349.00 

571,697.00           15,384.10 

709,446.00           22,677.52 

2  189. 00                 S.'^.  no 

56.13 

1908'... 

Duty    remitted 
(sec.  15,  act  Aug. 
24,  1897). 

1 J  cents  per  pound. 
do 

1909 

1910 

19102 

8,575.59 
10,641.83 

55.74 
46.93 

Duty   remitted 
(sec.  21,  act  Sept. 
5,  1909). 

•  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 
2  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 


42 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  empty  and  filled,  holding 
not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  \  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

li  cents  per  pound. 

Pounds. 
873,943.00 
15,354.00 

666,129.00 

445, 636. 00 

17,892.00 

482,161.50 

820,885.78 
228.00 

16,805.84 

12, 284. 00 

355. 00 

12,130.25 

813, 109. 20 

$0,024 
.015 

.025 
.028 
.020 

.025 

Per  cent. 
62.77 

1907'.  . 

(sec.  15,  act  Aug. 
1      24, 1897). 

1908 1  IJ  cents  per  pound. 

1909 -   --.do 

9,992.00 
6,684.63 

69.46 
54. 42 

1909'    . 

Duty   remitted 
(sec.  15,  act  July 
24,  1897). 

IJ  cents  per  pound. 

1910 

7, 232.  46 

69.62- 

1  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead, 
empty  and  filled,  holding  not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  ^  pint — Imports  for 
consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

value.         ,,S,. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actua  1  and 

computed 

ad  valorem. 

rate. 

1911 

li  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
1,650,554.90 
1,448,095.16 

842,215.69     $24,758.49 
37,200.47       21.72I.,';0 

$0,026 
.026 
.037 

.028 

.033 
.026 

Per  cent. 
58. 65 

1912 

68. 39-- 

1912' 

Duty    remitted 

25,650.00 

1,281,348.00 

120.00 
256,353.00 

938. 00 
36,469.00 

1913 

(sec.    23,    act 
Aug.  5,  1909)... 

li  cents  per  pound. 

li  cents  per  pound 
—  20  per  cent . . . 

IJ  cents  per  poimd. 

19.220.31 

62.  70 

1913S 

4.00  i             1.44 
6,626.40         3.84.i.33 

1914 « 

36.00 
58. 03 

1  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 

'  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

'■>  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  flint,  lime,  or  lead,  empty  and  filled,  holding  more  than  1  pint- 
Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907  

1  cent  per  poimd . . 
do 

Pounds. 

659, 601 
1,359,411 
1,750,751 
3,304,337 

$11,823.27 
26,031.53 
33,049.39 
59,342.69 

$6,596.01 
13,594.11 
17,507.51 
33,043.37 

$0,018 
.019 
.019 
.018 

Per  cent. 
55.79 

1908  

52.22 

1909  

do 

52.97 

1910      

do          

55.68 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  empty  and  filled,  holding 
more  then  1  pint — Imports  for  consumption— Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

1  cent  per  pound . . 
do  

Pounds. 
4,309,484.00 
4,496,000.75 
2,817,484.50 
3,947,334.00 

$74,539.95 
77,636.50 
51,405.92 
71,166.88 

$43,094.84 
44,960.01 
28, 174.  84 
39, 473. 34 

$0,017 
.017 
.018 
.018 

Per  cent. 
57.81 

1908 

57.91 

1909 

do 

54.81 

1910 

dr.             

55.47 

TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


43 


Demijohns  and  carboys  {covered  or  uncovered),  empty  and  filled,  holding  more  than  1  pint-^ 
Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

1  cent  per  pound . . 
do            

Pounds. 

37, 963. 00 

17,348.00 

7,141.50 

84.00 

3, 629. on 

6,557.00 

17,617.50 

350.00 

$837. 52 

353.71 

171.00 

1.00 

70.50 

112.00 

295.13 

8.00 

$379.63 

173.48 

71.42 

.84 

.36.29 

65.57 

176. 18 

3.50 

$0,022 
.020 
.024 
.012 
.019 
.017 
.017 
.023 

Per  cent. 
45.33 

1908 

49.05 

1909 

do          

41.77 

1910 

do          

84.00 

1911 

do 

51.48 

1912 

do            

58.54 

1913 

do          

59.70 

1914 1     

do          

43.75 

1  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  violded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead, 
empty  and  filled,  holding  more  than  1  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1911  

1  cent  per  pound . . 
Duty       remitted 

(sec.  23,  act  Aug. 

5,  1909). 
1  cent  per  pound.. 
do          

PouTids. 
6,258,336.00 
1,674.00 

5,094,168.00 
4,821,313.00 
1, 126, 204. 50 

$110,884.29 
34.00 

94,044.71 
87,369.22 
20, 817. 70 

$62,583.37 

$n.ni8 

.020 

.018 
.018 
.018 

Per  cent. 
56.44 

1911'           

1912  

50,941.69 
48,213.14 
11,262.05 

54.17 

1913  

55.18 

1914 »             

do          

54.10 

1  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 

2  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  imder  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  flint,  lime,  or  lead,  evipty  and  filled — Other,  on  which  specific 
duty  would  be  less  than  40  per  cent — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


1907.. 
19071. 

190S.. 
1908', 

1909.. 
19091, 

1910.. 
1910  2, 

19101, 


Rate  of  duty. 


40  per  cent 

10  per  cent  less  20 
percent. 

(0  per  cent 

40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent 

40  per  cpnt 

40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

40  i)cr  Cent 

l)tityromilted(sec. 

21,  act  Auc.  5, 

1909). 
40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


$297, 132.  73 
39.00 

2.53,447.38 
34. 00 

145,780.32 
95.50 

112,708.49 
14.00 


145.00 


Duty 

collected. 


$118,8.53.08 
12.  4S 

101,378.94 
10.88 

58,312.14 
30.50 

45,0&3.41 


IC.  40 


Value  per 

imit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 


40 
32 


32 


>  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba, 
s  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 


44 


TARIFF   IISTFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  empty  and  filled— Other, 
on  ivhich  specific  duty  would  be  less  than  40  per  cent — Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

'40  per  cent 

$574,5.3.5.64 
304.  00 

26.00 

9.00 

2.00 

530,617.23 
253. 00 

10.00 

21.00 

385,065.63 
30.00 

46.00 

86.00 

392,369.72 
8.00 

371.00 

$229,814.24 

Per  cent. 
40 

19071 

Dutyremittcdfsec 

14,  act  July  24, 

1897.) 
DutyremittedCsec. 

1.5,  act  July  24, 

1897). 
75  per  cent  of  40 

percent. 
40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
40  per  cent 

19072 

1907  3 

2.70 

.64 

212,246.90 

30 

1907 < 

30 

1908 

40 

19081 

Dutvreraitted(sec. 

14,  act  July  24, 

1897). 
Dutvremittedfsec. 

1.5,  act  July  24, 

1897). 
40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
40  per  cent 

190S2 

190S  * 

6.72 

154,026.25 
9.00 

32 

1903 

40 

19093 

"opercentoflOper 

cent. 
Putj'  reniitted(sec. 

30 

1903' 

19091 

14,  act  July  24, 

1897). 
40  per  cent  less  20 
per  cent. 

27. 52 
156,947.89 

32 

1910 

40 

1910' 

Dutv  remitted  (sec. 

21,  act  Aug.  5, 

1909). 
10  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

1910  < 

118.72 

32 

'  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 

2  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 


'  From  I'hilippine  I.'ilands. 

■<  Reciprocity  treaty  witii  Cuba. 


Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead, 
empty  and fi,lled — Other,  on  which  specific  duty  would  he  less  than  40  per  cent — Imports 
for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1911.. 
1911  1. 


1912.. 
1912  3. 


1913.. 
1913  2. 


1913  <. 
1913'. 


1914  5... 
1914  !>'. 


40  per  cent 

40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Dutyremitted(scc 

23,  act  Aug.  5, 

1909). 

40  per  cent 

IJuty  remittedCsec. 

21,  act  Au;^.  5, 

1909). 

40  per  cent 

Dutyremittcdfsec. 

23,  act  Auir.  5, 

1909). 

Duty  remitted 

40  per  Cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

40  [ler  cent 

40  per  cent  les.s  20 

percent. 


E477, 206. 12 
872. 00 

12.00 


473,916.26 
6.00 


4 17,  .356. 36 
74. 00 


19.00 
351.00 


81,179.07 
89.00 


3190,882.43 
279. 01 


Per  cent. 
40 
32 


189,566.49 
166,942.54 


40 


113.28 

32,471.63 

28.48 


32 


40 
32 


'  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

2  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 

'  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 


*  For  use  of  the  United  States, 

5  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


TAEIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


45 


Bottles  or  jugs  containing  brandy  and  other  spirituous  liquors,  holding  not  more  than  J 
pint  and  not  less  than  1/4  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity.           Value.' 

1 

Duty 
collected. 

^'alue  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

li  cents  per  pound. 
U  cents  per  pound 
less  20  per  cent. 
H  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
845,027.70 
32 

695,672 
913,885.50 

$12,675.51 
.38 

10, 43.5. 16 
13, 708. 37 

Per  cent. 

19072 

190S 

1909 

1  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  with  value  of  the  contents. 
-  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

Bottles  or  jugs  containing  wines  {except  champagne  and  all  other  .sparkling),  cordials, 
brandy,  and  other  spirituous  liquors,  holding  not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  1/4- 
pint. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

^■^'"'^•'         coKld. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910 

li  cents  per  pound. 
l|  cents  per  poimd 
less  20  per  cent. 
IJ  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
752, 172 
51 

879,576 
825, 513. 50 
766,624 
216, 347 

11,282.67 
.61 

13,193.61 
12,382.84 

Per  cent. 

1910  2 

1911  

1912 

1913 

.  ..  do 

11, 499.  43 
3, 245. 20 

1914  3 

do 

1  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  with  value  of  the  contents. 

2  Reciprocitv  treat  v  with  Cuba. 

3  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles  or  jugs  containing  brandy  and  other  spirituous  liquors,  holding  more  than  1  pint- 
Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value.' 


Duly 
collected. 


Value  per 

imit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1907  3. 


1908.. 
1908  2 


1907 .' 1  cent  per  pound . . 

1907  2 Dut V  remilted(sec. 

14,"  act  July  24, 
1S97). 

1  cent  per  pound 

loss  20  per  cent. 

1  cent  per  pound.. . 

Duty  remitted  (sec. 

14,  act  July  24, 

1917.) 

Duty  remitted  (sec. 

15,  act  July  24, 

1    1917.) 

1908  3 1  cent  per  pound 

less  20  percent. 
1909 1  cent  per  pound 

1909  2 1   Duty       remitted 

(sec.  14,  act  July 
1      24,  1897). 

1909  < ,  Duty       remitted 

(sec.  15,  act  July 
24,  1897). 


1908  4. 


Pounds. 
10,945,586 
1,419 


1,152 


10,466,352 
1,923 


$109, 455. 86 


9.22 
104, 663.  .52 


17,440,187    :   174,-<01.87 

6,107  , 


Per  cent. 


1  Value  of  bottles  is  relumed  with  value  of  the  contents. 

2  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 

3  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

<  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 


46 


TAEIFF   INFORMATIOIT   SURVEYS. 


Bottles  or  jugs  containing  loines  {except  champagne  and  all  other  sparkling),  cordials, 
brandy,  and  other  spirituous  liquors,  holding  more  than  1  pint. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Valuc.i 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910 

1  cent  per  pound.. 
Duty       remitted 

(sec.  21,  act  Aug. 

.5, 1909). 
Duty       remitted 

(sec.  23,act-\ug. 

5, 1909). 
1  cent  per  pound 

less  20  percent. 
1  cent  per  pound . . . 
Duty       remitted 

(sec.21,act-\ug. 

5, 1909). 
Duty      remitted 

(sec.  23,  act  Aug. 

5,  1909). 

Duty  remitted 

1  cent  per  pound 

less  20  per  cent. 

Pounds. 

14,337,695.50 

5,874 

190 

1,643 

15,978,809.50 
6,797 

1,451 

IS 
9,418 

143,376.96 

Per  cent. 

1910 - 

1910 ' 

1910  * 

13.14 

159, 788. 10 

1911 

1911  2 

19113 

1911  5 

1911  < 

75.34 

1  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  -with  value  of  the  contents. 

2  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 

2  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 
■•  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 
6  For  the  use  of  foreign  mmisters. 

Bottles  or  jugs  containing  nines  (except  champagne  and  all  other  sparkling),  cordials, 
brandy,  and  other  spirituous  liquors  and  all  other  v)hen  value  is  included  in  value  of 
contents,  holding  more  than  1  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year.             Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value.' 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1912 1  cent  per  poimd. . . 

1912  2 Duty       remitted 

Pounds. 
14, 204, 124 
6,804 

1,139 

13, 146. 50 

S142,011.24 

Percent. 

(sec.  21,  act  Aug. 
!      5, 1909). 
1912  3          . .      .     '  Duty       remitted 

(sec.  23,  act  Aug. 
5, 1909). 
1912  * 1  cent  per  pound 

105. 17 
163,946.10 

less  20  per  cent. 
1913    '  1  cent  per  poimd.. 

16,394,610.25 
8,336 

19132 Diit.v        remitted 

1913  3 

(sec.  21,  act  Aug. 
5, 1909). 
Duty       remitted 

4,248 

IS 
29,590 

3,7.53,496 
10,353 

1,936 

19135 

(sec.  23,  act  Aug. 

5, 191)9). 

Duty  remitted 

1  cent  per  pound 

less 20  percent. 
1  cent  per  pound... 
1  cent  per  pound 

less 20  percent. 
Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

1913  < 

236.  71 

37,534.96 

82.82 

1914  6    



1914  <>5 

1914  2,8 



1  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  with  value  of  the  contents. 

2  For  the  supplies  of  vessels. 

3  For  manufacture  in  l)oni!e  1  warehouse  and  export. 
*  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

6  For  the  use  of  foroi','n  ministers. 

«  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


47 


Bottles  or  jugs  containing  ivines  (except  champagne  and  all  other  sparkling),  cordials, 
brandij,  and  other  spirituous  liquors—Other,  on  tvhich  specific  duty  does  not  amount  to 
40  per  cent — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value.  1 


D  t        !  Value  per 

collected,  i  „,'^l°L 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1910 40  per  cent. 

1911 do. 

1912 do 

1912  2 40  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent 

1913 40  per  cent 

19143 do 


$896.24 
8, 129. 40 
6,591.60 

.32 

8,582.98 
2.690.20 


Per  cent. 


1  Value  of  bottles  is  returned  with  value  of  the  contents. 

*  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

s  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  filled  ivith  mineral  water, 
holding  not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  \  pint — Imports  for  consumption — • 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year.            Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910  I i  cent  per  pound . . 

1 

Pounds. 
3,393,370 

$47,485.50 

$16,966.87 

SO.  014 

Per  cent. 
35.73 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead, 
filled  with  mineral  water,  holding  not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  J  pint — Imports 
for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Dutv 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19101 

§  cent  per  pound.. 
do 

Pounds. 
1,892,905 
7,841,179.90 

4,262 

320 
8,350,738.75 

4,039 
8,017,563 

4,242 

$31,181.50 
145,744.71 

80.00 

6.00 
153,292.22 

•  129.00 
138,932.00 

f.  1. 00 

$9,464.54 
39,206.01 

$0,017 
.019 

.019 

.019 
.018 

.032 
.017 

.015 

Per  cent. 
30.35 

1911 

26.90 

1911  « 

Duty       remitted 
(sec.      21,      act 
Aug.  5,  1909) 

i  cent  per  pound 
less  20  per  cent.. 

i  cent  per  pound . . 

Duty       remitted 
(sec.     21,     act 
Aug.  5,  1909) .... 

J  cent  per  pound.. 

Duty       remitted 
(sec.     21,     act 
Aug.  5,  1909).... 

i  cent  per  pound . . 

1911' 

1.28 
41,753.88 

1912 

21.33 
27. 24 

1912  2 

1913 

40,087.97 

28.85 

1913  2 

19Ii< 

1,815,944                33.023.00 

9,079.75 

.018 

27.50 

1  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909, 

'  For  supplies  of  vessels. 

'  Rcciprccitv  treaty  w  ith  Cuba. 

*  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  190*1. 


48 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  filled  ivith  mineral  water, 
holding  more  than  1  pint — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year.       1      Rate  of  duty. 

1 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  andi 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19101 

J  cent  per  pound . . 

Pounds. 
4,196,346 

350,967.38 

313,987.83 

30.012 

Per  cent. 
27.44 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead,, 
filled  li'ith  mineral  water,  holding  more  than  1  pint — Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910' 

J  cent  per  pound.. 
do          

Pounds. 
3,254,220 

$47, 331. 65 

166, 264. 12 

161,  775. 68 

2.41 

156, 409. 65 
2.00 

29,611.75 

$10,847.39 

36,713.97 

36,344.60 

.23 

37,825.55 
.45 

7, 132. 13 

$0. 014 
.015 
.015 
.029 

.014 
.012 

.014 

Per  cent. 
22.92 

1911 

11,014,206.25 
10,903,368 

84 

11,347,689 
168 

2,139,634 

22.08 

1912 

do 

22.47 

19122 

J  cent  per  pound 
less  20  per  cent. 

J  cent  per  pound.. 

J  cent  per  pound 
less  20  per  cent. 

§  cent  per  poimd . . 

9.54 

1913 

24.18 

19132 

22.50 

19143 

24.0* 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

2  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

3  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  filled  with  mineral 
water — Other,  on  which  specific  duty  does  not  amount  to  40  per  cent — Imports  for 
consump  tion — Revenue . 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

imitof 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910' 

13J  per  cent 

3612. 00 

381.  62 

Per  cent. 
13.  34 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  andfiint,  lime,  or  lead, 
filled  with  mineral  water — Other,  on  which  specific  duty  does  not  amount  to  40  per 
cent — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue . 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910' 

13J  per  cent 

3217.  50 

1,339.50 

2.00 

9 10. 00 

2, 778.  75 

391. 50 

329.00 

178. 62 

.21 

125. 32 

370. 48 

52.19 

Per  cent. 
13  33 

1911 

do 

13. 33 

19112 

13J  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
13 J  per  cent  . . 

10  66 

1912 

13. 33 

1913 

do 

13.3a 

19143 

..  do  . 

13.33- 

1  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

2  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

3  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  19C9. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


49 


Bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  carboys,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed, 
and  flint,  lime,  or  lead,  n.  s.  p.f. — Bottles,  vials,  and  jars,  filled,  containing  mineral 
waters — Imjiortsfor  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  rear. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


1914  1.. 
1914  1,2 


Vf  liie  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


'  Actual  and 
computed 
ad  valorem 


1914  1,3 1  Free  (sec.  IV,  K). 


10  per  cent S233, 

10  per  cent  less  20   

per  cent. 


1915. 
1915  2. 

1915  3. 
1916.. 

1916  2. 


10  per  cent 

10  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Frec(sec.IV,K).. 

10  per  cent 

10  per  cent  less  20 
per  cent. 

19163 Free(sec.  IV,  K).. 

1917 j  10  per  cent 

1917  2 10  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

1918 10  per  cent 

19182 10  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

10  per  cent 

do 


1918*. 
1919  <. 


185 


135 


55, 


034.  73 
189. 25 

70.00 

675.00 

13.00 

179.00 

,225.00 

25. 00 

23.00 
162. 00 
2.00 

645.00 
20.00 

022. 00 
567.00 


S23, 


303. 47 
15.14 


18,567.50  1 

10 

1.04    

8 

14,122..')0  1 

10 

2.00  i 

8 

516. 20 
.16 


564. 50 
1.60 


, 002. 20 
, 156. 70 


Per  cent. 


»  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  Jiuie  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

2  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

3  P'or  supplies  of  vessels. 
*  Calendar  year. 

Demijohns  and  carboys  (covered  or  uncovered),  empty  and  filled — Other,  on  which  specific 
duty  would  be  less  than  40  per  cent — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

40  per  cent 

Pounds. 

$10, 601 . 89 
18,846.18 
4, 195. 50 
8,497.50 
11,809.37 
13,083.80 
43.00 

9, 786. 00 
1,793.00 

$4, 240. 76 
7,538.46 
1,678.20 
3,399.00 
4,723.75 
5,233.52 
13.76 

3,914.40 
717.20 

Per  cent. 
40 

1908.     . 

.do 

40 

1909 

.do 

40 

1910 

.do 

40 

1911 

do 

40 

1912 

do 

40 

19121  . 

40  per  cent  les.s  20 

per  cent. 
40  per  cent 

32 

1913 

40 

1914» 

do 

40 

1  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 


2  July  1  K,  (ct.  3, 1913,  i.nderact  (4  11 


Demijohns   and  carboys   (covered  or  uncovered),   empty — Imports  for   consumption — 

Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
(luantily. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  \  alorom 

rate. 

19141 

30  per  cent 

do 

Poundn. 
70,  763 
27, 990 
4,  731 

$3,156.00 
890.  00 
298.00 

J949. 80 

267.00 

89.40 

10.040 
.032 
.063 

Per  cent. 
30 

1915 

30 

1916 

do 

30 

1917 

do 

1918.. 

.do     . 

2, 528 

209.00 

62. 70 

.OKi 

30 

1918> 

do 

1919' 

...do     

5, 065 

3,051.00 

915.30 

.  002 

30 

1  Oct.4,1913,to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  on<il3. 
» Calendar  year. 


47578— 21— B-9- 


50  TARIFF    INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Demijohns  and  carboys  {covered  or  nncovered),  filled — Impoi tsfor  consumption — Revenue.    | 


Fiscal  year. 


1914  1. 
1915.. 
1916.. 
1917.. 
1918.. 
1918  2. 

1918  ». 

1919  3. 


Rate  of  duty. 


30  per  cent 

do , 

do , 

do , 

do , 

30  per  cent   less 

20  per  cent 

30  percent 

do 


Quantity. 


Pounds. 


53,880 


Value. 


$4,287.00 
2,320.00 
4, 357. 00 

14,803.00 
2,149.00 

1.00 

808. 00 

2, 558. 00 


Duty 
collected. 


$1,286.10 

696.00 

1,307.10 

4, 440. 90 

644.70 

.24 
242. 40 
767.40 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


$0,047 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 


1  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

2  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

3  Calendar  year. 

Demijohns  and  carboys  (covered  or  uncovered),  filled,  containing  mineral  water — Imports 
for  consumption — Revenu£. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rat  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19141 

10  percent 

Pounds. 

$39,021.60 
20,303.00 
26,920.00 
27,  732. 00 
25,132.00 
33,210.00 
264.00 

$3,902.16 
2,030.30 
2,692.00 
2,773.20 
2,513.20 
3,321.00 
26.40 

Per  cent. 
10 

1915 

-do 

10 

1916 

.do 

10 

1917 

do 

10 

1918 

do 

10 

19182.. 

.  .do 

10 

19192 

.  ...do 

5,218 

10 

1  0:t.  4, 1913,toJune30, 1914,  underact  of  1913. 

2  Calendar  vear. 


Bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  carboys,  and  jars,  plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed, 
and  flint,  lime,  or  lead,  n.  s.  p.  f. — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 

BOTTLES,  VIALS,  AND  JARS,  EMPTY. 


1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

2  For  use  of  the  United  States. 

5  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 
<  From  Philippine  Islands. 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

\'alue. 

Duty 
collected. 

\'alue 

per 
unit  of 
([uan- 

tity. 

.\ctual 
and  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Fiscal  rears: 

1914  I 

30  per  cent 

Free 

Pounds. 

8, 085, 779 

1,500 

3,561,200 

1,350,985 

3 

815 

850,946 

73 

114,725 

160, 880 
2 

229,477 
84 

$172, 658. 00 

36. 00 

83, 688. 00 

2^1,027.00 

1.00 

21.00 

19,231.00 

4.00 

5,635.00 

6, 655. 00 
1.00 

11,114.00 
15.00 

$51,797.40 

$0. 021 
.024 
.023 
.018 
.333 

.026 
.023 

.055 

.049 

.041 
.50 

.048 
.179 

Per  cent. 
30 

1914  1 2 

1915 

30  per  cent 

.do 

25, 106. 40 

7, 208. 10 

.24 

30 

1916 

30 

1916' 

30  per  cent  less  20 

percent. 
Free 

24 

1916* 

1917 

30  per  cent 

39  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
30  per  cent 

do 

5,769.30 
.96 

1,690.50 

1,996.50 
.24 

3,334.20 
3.60 

30 

19173 

24 

1918 

30 

Calendar  vears: 
1918.  " 

30 

1918  3 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

30  per  cent 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

24 

1919 

19193 

30 
24 

TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


51 


Bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  carboys,  and  jars,  plain,  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed, 
andjlint,  lime,  or  lead,  n.  s.  p.f. — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 

BOTTLES,  VIALS,  AND  JARS,  FILLED. 


Fiscal  years: 

19141 

30  per  cent 

Pounds. 

$557,823.67 
595. 00 

117.00 

St).  00 

4.00 

52S,2.'>4.00 

1,118.00 

315.00 

5.00 

561,173.00 

^30. 00 

40.00 

287.00 

585,924.00 

86.00 

208.00 

231.00 

212,826.00 

402. 00 

33.00 
45.00 
218.00 

89,429.00 
281.00 

81.00 

1.58.00 

67,  .530. 00 

20.00 

93.00 

$167, 347. 10 
142.80 

Per  cent. 
30 

19141  2 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

24 

1914»3 

1914H 

Free  (sec.  IV,  M ) . . 

191415 

Free  (art. 036,C.R.) 
30  per  cent 

1915 

158,476.20 
268.32 

30 

19152 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free  (.sec.  IV,  K).. 

24 

19153 

1915< 

Free  (sec.  IV,  M).. 

1916 

30  per  cent 

i68,35i.96 
199.20- 

30 

19162 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free  (.sec.  rV',M).. 

24 

1916  < 

19163 

Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

1917 

30  per  cent 

175,777.20 
20.64 

30 

19172 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free  (sec.  IV,  M).. 

24 

1917  < 

19173 

Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

1918 

30  per  cent 

63,847.80 
96.48 

30 

19182 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free 

24 

1918" 

1918< 

Free  (sec.  IV,  M).. 

19183 

Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

Calendar  years: 
1918 

26,828.70 

67.44 

30 

19182 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free 

24 

1918  6 

19183 

Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

1919 

30  per  cent 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free  (sec.  IV,  K).. 

1,4.1.3,660 
489 

2,589 

20,2.59.00 
4.80 

.046 
.041 

.034 

30 

1919= 

24 

19193 

1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

2  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

3  For  supplies  of  vessels. 

<  For  manufacture  in  bonded  warehouse  and  export. 
5  For  use  of  foreiftn  ministers. 
»  From  Virgin  Islands. 

Bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  carboys,  and  jars  ' — Domestic  exports  (fiscal  years). 


Exported  to  — 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917 

1918 

$2,549 

4,607 

16,243 

339,091 

104,511 

27,779 

140, 160 

52,066 

35,883 

2, 196 

5,231 

4,435 

3,664 

6,  ,588 

24,. 551 

6,843 

8,623 

6,716 

16,  .591 

$405 

1,001 

9,062 

330,358 

60,941 

32,152 

102,817 

-'■,7'2') 

31,610 

4,307 

9,956 

2,185 

3,715 

8,798 

16,404 

7,9.55 

8,111 

3,609 

21, 187 

Spain 

$127 

84,271 

269,425 

67, 273 

29,406 

145,374 

17,094 

21,678 

962 

8,979 

1,472 

8,98:j 

8,769 

21,646 

39, 137 

12,965 

12,408 

22,458 

$19,105 

640,083 

353,718 

102,710 

6-1,997 

413, 1,34 

39,097 

47,955 

4,866 

49,730 

7,186 

43, 148 

27,277 

33, 1,50 

64,090 

5,797 

97,934 

154,267 

$i3,7ii 

465,685 

566,775 
96,531 
6,5,329 

510,718 
72,343 
68,728 
21,622 
48,961 
7,029 
71,642 
25,460 
58,821 
86,  .566 
7,167 
72,546 

175,976 

$6,230 

United  Kingdom 

103,485 

Canada 

640,257 

Mexico 

194,378 

Central  .\raerican  States 

Cuba 

97,955 
973,701 

Argentina 

46,702 

68,247 

Chile 

29,421 

54,4,53 

Uruguay  

4,619 

39,429 

British  India 

36,816 

Australia  and  Tasmania 

63,936 
93,508 

Philippine  Islands 

Briti.sh  South  Africa 

8,266 
49,698 

All  other 

160,791 

Total 

808,327 

711,353 

772,427 

2,168,244 

2,435,610 

2,671,892 

1  Included  in  all  other  glassware  prior  to  1913. 


52  TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Glassicare,  bottles,  devxi Johns,  carboys,  jars — Domestic  exports  (calendar  years) . 


Exported  tc 


France 

Spain 

United  Kingdom 

Canada 

Panama 

Mexico 

Trinidad  and  Tobago 

Cuba 

Argentina 

Brazil 

Chile 

Colombia 


$2,522 
9,321 
33,527 
583,586 
51,958 
84,516 
25,359 
1,410,245 
36, 321 
68, 851 
28,854 
48,478 


S59, 

19, 

1,294, 

721, 
34, 

134, 

17, 

1,916, 

132, 

108, 
31, 
68, 


Exported  tc 


Peru 

Venezuela 

China 

British  India 

Hongkong 

New  Zealand 

Australia 

British  South  Africa 
Another 

Total 


$10,302 
15,712 
22, 579 
31,546 
14, 70S 

117,633 
46,415 
39, 569 
99, 074 


2,781,076 


$55,295 
16,520 
41,712 
65,479 
17,546 

124,950 
99,606 
74,320 

249,066 


5,283,655 


Glass,  bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  and  carboys — Net  price,  wholesale  per  gross — Automatic 

machine  made  bottles. 


FOR  GRAPE  JUICE  AND  CATSUP. 
[From  Owens  Bottle  Machine  Co.] 


Capacity. 

Weight. 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917 

Bulk. 

Crate. 

Bulk. 

Crate. 

Bulk. 

Crate. 

Bulk. 

Crate. 

Bulk. 

Crate. 

4  ounces 

Ounces. 
5h 
7i 
9 
14 
23 

$1.70 
1.90 
2.15 
2.85 
4.00 

$1.80 
2.10 
2.35 
3.10 
4.75 

$1.70 
1.90 
2.15 
2.85 
4.00 

SI.  80 
2.10 
2.35 
3.10 
4.75 

$1.70 
1.90 
2.15 
2.85 
4.00 

$1.80 
2.10 
2.35 
3.10 
4.50 

$1.70 
1.85 
2.10 
2.65 
3.85 

$1.80 
2.05 
2.30 
2.90 
4.35 

$1.70 

SI.  80 

Slounces 

1. 95         2. 15 

10  ounces 

2.20 
2.85 
4.00 

2.40 

3.10 

32  ounces 

4.50 

BEER  BOTTLES  USED  FOR  MALT  BEVERAGES. 


Capacity. 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917 

Pints 

$2.75 

$2.75 

$2.65 

S2.75 

$2.75 

PRESCRIPTION  BOTTLES  USED  FOR  MEDICAL  PURPOSES. 


Fluid  capacity. 


i  ounce.. 

1  ounce . . 

2  ounces . 

3  ounces. 

4  ounces., 

6  ounces. , 

7  ounces. . 

8  ounces. , 
12  ounces 


Price. 


$6.50 
7.00 
7.75 
9.50 
10.75 
12.25 
12.75 
14.00 
18.00 


1913 


Per  cent. 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 


Discounts. 


1914 


Per  cent. 
85 
85 

85 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 


1915 


Per  cent. 
85+10 

85+10 
85+10 
85+10 
85+10 
85+10 
85+10 
85+10 
85+10 


1916 

1917 

Per  cent. 

Per  cent. 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

SO+20 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

80+20 

85+10 

80+20 

Illustration  of  discounts. — ^After  deducting  85  per  cent,  or  $5.52,  from  the  list  price 
of  $6.50  per  gross  for  one-half  ounce  bottles  (the  first  item)  the  net  selling  price  in 
1913  was  98  cents  per  gross.  In  1917,  after  deducting  80  per  cent  from  .|6.50,  or  $5.20, 
the  difference  was  $1.30,  from  which  is  deducted  20  per  cent,  or  26  cents,  the  net 
Belling  price  then  being  $1.04. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Glass  bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  and  carboys — Rates  of  duly. 


53 


Act  of—  Par. 


Tariff  classification  or  description. 


Kates  of  duty,  sppcilic 
and  ad  valorem. 


1883 


1890 


133 


103 


1890    I    104 


1894.... 


1897.... 


99 


1909 


97 


Green  and  colored  glass  bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  and  carboys 
(covered  or  imcovered),  pickle  or  pre>;or\e  jars,  and  other 
plain,  molded,  or  pressed  green  and  colored  bottle  glass,  not 
cut,  engraved,  or  painted,  and  not  especially  enumerated  or 
or  provided  for  in  this  act. 
If  filled  and  not  otherwise  in  this  act  provided  for,  said 
articles  shall  pay. 

Green  and  colored,  molded  or  pres.'^ed,  and  flint  and  lime  glass 
bottles  holding  more  than  1  pint,  and  demijohns  and  car- 
boys (covered  or  uncovered),  and  other  molded  or  pressed 
green  and  colored  and  (lint  or  lime  bottle  glassware,  not 
specially  provided  for  in  this  aol. 
Green,  and  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint  and  lime 
glass  bottles,  and  vials  holding  not  more  than  1  pint,  and 
not  less  than  one-(mar(or  of  a  pint. 

If  holding  less  than  one-fourth  of  a  pint 

All  articl  es  enumerated  in  the  prec  eding  paragraph,  it  filled,  and 
and  not  otherwise  provifleil  for  in  this  act,  and  the  contents 
are  subject  to  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duly  or  to  a  rile  of  duty 
based  upon  the  value,  the  value  of  such  botti  s,  vials,  or  other 
vessels  shall  be  added  to  the  value  of  the  contents  for  the  ascer- 
tainment of  the  dutiable  value  of  the  latter;  but  if  filled  and 
not  otherwise  provided  for  in  this  act.  and  the  contents  are  not 
subject  10  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duly  or  to  rate  of  duty  based 
on  the  vahif,  or  are  free  of  duty,  such  bottles,  vials,  or  other 
vessels  shall  pay,  in  addition  to  the  duty,  if  any,  on  their  con- 
tents, the  rates  of  duty  prescribed  in  the  preceding  paragraph: 
Provided,  That  no  article  manufactured  from  glass  described 
in  the  preceding  paragrapli  shall  pay  a  less  rate  of  duty  than 
40  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Green  and  colored,  molded  or  pressed  and  flint  and  lime  glass 
bottles  holding  more  than  1  pint,  and  demijohns  and  carboys, 
covered  or  uncovered,  whether  filled  or  unfilled  and  whether 
their  contents  be  dutiable  or  free,  and  other  molded  or  pressed 
green  and  colored  and  flint  or  lime  bottle  glassware,  not  spe- 
cially provided  for  in  this  act. 
And  vials  holding  not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  one- 
quarter  of  a  pint. 

If  holding  less  than  one-fourth  of  a  pint 

All  other  plain  green  and  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and 
flint  lime  and  glassware. 
Plain  green  ur  colored,  molded  or  pres.sed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  load 
glass  bottles,  vials,  jars,  and  covered  or  uncovered  demijolms 
and  carboys,  any  of  the  foregoing,  filled  or  unfilled,  not  other- 
wise specially  provided  for,  and  whether  their  contents  be  duti- 
able or  free  ("except  .^uch  as  contain  mercluindise  subjet  t  to  an 
ad  valorem  rate  of  duty,  or  to  a  rate  of  duty  ba^od  in  whole  or 
in  part  upon  the  value  thereof,  wliich  shall  be  dutiable  at  the 
rate  applicable  to  their  contents),  shall  pay  duty  as  follows:  If 
holding  more  than  1  pint. 
If  holding  not  more  than  1  pint  and  not  less  than  one-fourth 

of  a  pint 

1  f  holding  le.ss  tlian  one-fourth  of  a  pint 

Provided,  That  none  of  the  above  articles  shall  pay  a  less  rate 
of  duty  than  40  per  cont  ad  valorem. 
Plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead 
glass  bottles,  vials,  jars,  imd  covered  or  uncovered  demijohns 
and  carboys,  any  of  the  foregoing,  filled  or  unfilled,  not  other- 
wise specially  provided  for  in  this  section,  and  wlutlicr  llicir 
contents  be  dutiable  or  free  (except  such  as  contain  merchandise 
subject  to  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duly  or  to  a  rate  of  duty  based 
in  whole  or  in  part  upon  the  value  thereof,  wliich  .shall  be  duti- 
able at  the  rate  applicable  to  their  contents)  shall  pay  duty  as 
follows: 

If  holding  more  than  one  pint 

If  holding  not  more  than  one  pint  and  not  less  than  one- 
fourth  of  a  pint. 

If  holding  less  than  one-fourth  of  a  pint 

Provided,  That  none  of  the  above  artichs  shall  pay  a  ;ess  rate 
of  duty  than  40  per  cent  ail  valorem;  rrovided  further.  That 
the  terms  Iwtllcs,  vials,  jars,  deiiiijohns,  and  carboys,  as 
used  herein,  shall  be  restricted  to  such  articles  when  suit- 
able for  use  as  and  of  the  character  ordinarily  eiiiiiloyed  as 
containers  fur  the  holding  or  lr:iusj>orl  ;i(  ion  of  merchandise, 
and  not  as  appliances  or  iinj)lenients  in  chemical  or  other 
operations. 


1  cent  per  pound. 


30  per  cent  ad  valorem 
in  addition  to  the 
duty  on  contents. 

1  cent  per  pound. 


U  cent  per  pound. 
50  cents  per  gross. 


J  cent  per  pound. 


IJ  cents  per  pound. 

40  cents  per  gross. 

40  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

1  cent  per  pound. 


li  cents  per  pound. 
50  cents  per  gross. 


1  cent  per  pound, 
li  cent  per  pound. 

50  cents  per  gross. 


54  TARIFF   INFOrt^IATTON    SURVEYS. 

Glass  bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  and  carboys — Rates  of  duty — Continued. 


Act  of- 

Par. 

Tariff  classification  or  description. 

Rates  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 

1913 

83 

Plain  green  or  colored,  molded  or  pressed,  and  flint,  lime,  or  lead 
glass  bottles,  vials,  jars,  and  covered  and  uncovered  demijohns, 
and  carboys,  and  any  of  the  foregoing,  filled  or  unfilled,  not 
otherwise  specially  provided  for  in  this  section,  and  whether 
their  contents  be  dutiable  or  free  (except  such  as  contam  mer- 
chandise sulijoet  to  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  fluty  or  to  a  rate  of 
duty  based  in  whole  or  in  part  upon  the  value  thereof  which 
shafl  be  dutiable  at  the  rate  applicable  to  their  contents). 
Provided,  That  the  terms  bottles,  vials,  demijohns,  jars,  and 
carboys,  as  used  herein,  shall  be  restricted  to  sucli  articles 
when"suitable  for  use  as  and  of  the  character  ordinarily  em- 
ployed as  containers  for  the  holding  or  transportation  of 
merchandise,   and  not   as  appHances  or  instruments  in 
chemical  or  other  operations. 

30  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Court  and  Treasury  Decisions. 

Plain  green  or  colored  flint,  lime,  or  lead-glass  bottles,  suitable  for 
use  and  of  the  character  ordinarily  employed  as  containers  for  the 
holding  or  transportation  of  merchandise,  come  within  paragraph  83 
rather  than  paragraph  84.  (T.  D.  32728,  of  1912.)  Such  bottles 
containing  merchandise  subject  to  an  ad  valorem  rate  of  duty  or 
to  a  duty  based  in  whole  or  in  part  upon  the  value  thereof  are  dutiable 
at  the  rate  applicable  to  their  contents  but  in  case  of  compound 
rates  at  the  ad  valorem  rate  only.     (G.  A.  4812,  T.  D.  22621,  of  1900.) 

Nonrefillahle  bottles. — The  value  of  the  nonrefillable  device  is  in- 
cluded in  determining  the  value  of  nonrefillable  bottles.  But  the 
wooden  tops,  outer  foil,  insert  corks,  and  labels  used  for  the  proper 
packing  and  protection  of  the  bottles  during  transportation,  and  not 
needed  for  the  proper  use  of  the  bottles  as  containers,  were  held  to 
be  parts  of  neither  the  bottles  nor  the  nonrefillable  device.  (T.  D. 
35839,  of  1915;  Dra/,  &  Co.  v.  United  States,  8  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  382, 
of  1918.) 

See  also  survey  upon  paragraph  84. 


BLOWN  AND  PRESSED  WARE. 


Summary. 

descriptiox. 

Impoi'tcnl  blov.-n  and  pressed  glassware,  iiu-hiding  stcnnvare, 
tumblers,  goblets,  decanters,  cologne  bottles,  lighting  ware,  etc.,  cut, 
ornamented,  engraved,  frosted,  etc.,  and  bottles  and  bottle  glass- 
ware, blown  either  in  a  mold  or  otherwise,  filled  or  unfdled,  are 
dutiable  under  the  tariff  act  of  1913  at  45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Undecorated  pressed  ware  is  classified  as  a  manufacture  of  glass 
n.  s.  p.  f. 

DOMESTIC    PRODTTCTIOX. 

Pressed  and  blown  ware,  valued  at  S;>(),279,290,  was  produced  in 
1914  in  the  United  States.  In  1917  the  increase  in  quantity  of  pro- 
duction over  1914  was  about  16  per  cent  and  in  value  about  87 
per  cent.  The  1917  production  was  made  by  113  companies,  operat- 
ing 129  factories  in  11  States  and  employing  8,282  skilled  workmen. 
The  increase  in  production  in  1914  over  that  of  1904  was  37.9  per 
cent  and  the  output  v.-as  24.6  per  cent  of  the  total  production  of 
all  kinds  of  glass. 

RATES    OF    DUTY. 

Act  of  1883,  45  per  cent  ad  valorem;  act  of  1890,  60  per  cent  ad 
valorem;  act  of  1894,  40  per  cent  ad  valorem;  act  of  1897,  60  per 
cent  ad  valorem;  act  of  1909,  60  per  cent  ad  valorem;  act  of  1913, 
45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

TARIFF    CONSIDERATIONS. 

The  figures  of  production,  imports,  and  exports  for  the  blown  and 
pressed  ware  branch  of  the  industry  for  tiie  fiscal  year  emling  June 
30,  1914,  show  that  there  was  little  foreign  competition  in  tlie  do- 
mestic  market  in  many  lines.  American  factory  production  amounted 
to  $30,279,290.  Domestic  producers  exported  $2,671,164,  or  8.8  per 
cent,  while  the  imports  amounted  to  $2,216,021,  or  7.3  per  cent  of 
the  value  of  domestic  production.  The  great  expansion  in  the  pro- 
duction of  the  different  groups  of  articles  in  the  period  1904  to  1914 
is  a  further  itidication  of  healthy  domestic  conditions.  The  pioduction 
of  stem  ware  and  blown  tund)lers  increased  81  j)ercent,  that  of  cut- 
glass  ware  255  per  cent,  gas  and  electrical  lighting  ware  129  and 
450  per  cent,  respectively,  jellies  tund)lers  and  goblets,  125  per 
cent.  Tableware,  with  no  competitive  importations,  increased  21 
per  cent.  Lamp  chimneys  and  lantern  globes  used  in  the  burning 
of  kerosene  oil  decreased  in  volume  during  the  jteriod,  owing  to 
diminished  demand  for  them. 

55 


56 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


In  cortain  groups  of  articles  foreign  competition  has  been  felt, 
particularly  in  fine  grades  of  lilown  ware  and  decorated  blown  ware, 
34  per  cent  of  the  i!n]H)rts  coming  from  Austria  and  28  per  cent  from 
Germany  in  1914.  Following  the  passage  of  the  tariff  act  of  1913, 
the  ini])orts  of  bottles,  decanters,  and  other  glassware,  cut  or  orna- 
mented, increased  from  $1,032,948  in  1913  to  $1,151,875  in  1914, 
or  11 .5  per  cent. 

Complaint  is  made  that  the  imposing  of  the  higher  rate  of  duty 
of  paragraph  84  on  blown  stemware  of  45  per  cent,  which  manufac- 
turers claim  was  intended  in  the  framing  of  the  tariff  act,  was  nulli- 
fied by  court  decisions,  by  which  it  takes  the  lower  rate  of  duty  of 
30  per  cent.  The  manufacturers'  view  had  been  taken  by  the  customs 
officers,  as  they  classified  plain  stemmed  glassware  with  blown  bowl 
and  molded  stem  and  foot  under  paraOTaph  98  of  the  act  of  1909  and 
paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913  as  glassware  composed  wholly  or  in 
chief  value  of  blown  glass.  Upon  the  importer's  appeal,  however,  the 
stem  and  foot  were  declared  more  valuable,  and  the  glassware  was 
held  dutiable  as  a  manufacture  of  glass  under  paragraph  109  of  the 
act  of  1909  and  paragraph  95  of  the  act  of  1913.  American  manufac- 
turers urge  that  the  intent  of  the  law  be  clearly  defined  in  the  tariff 
act.  A  restoration  of  the  tariff  rate  of  1909  was  suggested  by  a 
manufacturer  of  thin  blown  ware.  Fifty  per  cent  of  thin  blown 
ware  has  been  imported.  For  lighting  ware,  a  representative  manu- 
facturer, familiar  with  German  conditions,  stated  that,  if  wages  in 
Europe  were  increased  100  per  cent,  we  would  not  need  a  tariff,  as 
such  an  increase  would  wipe  out  the  disparity  so  far  as  competition 
with  us  is  concerned. 

The  different  groups  of  ware,  such  as  chemical  ware,  lighting 
ware,  thin  blown  ware,  and  pressed  tableware,  covered  by  paragraph 
84  might  be  specifically  named  and  defined  in  the  tariff  act. 

Summary  table. 


Year. 

Doniestic 
production. 

Imports 
for  con- 
sumption. 

Domestic 
exports.! 

Value  (im- 
ports for  con- 
sumption). 

•Amount 
of  duty. 

Actual  or 
equiva- 
lent ad 
valorem 
rate. 

1910 

?1, 700, 281. 37 

2,026,174.14 

2,078,851.09 

2,109,710.73 

2,223,389.63 

1,331,697.00 

614,928.00 

561,422.00 

649,346.00 

464,323.00 

778,214.00 

$1,700,281.37 

2,026,174.14 

2,078,851.09 

2,109,710.73 

2,223,389.63 

1,331,697.00 

614,926.00 

561,422.00 

649,346.00 

464,323.00 

778,214.00 

$1,020,099.83 

1,215,702.08 

1,247,281.62 

1,261,192.07 

1,074,429.53 

595, 584. 45 

276,715.53 

252,610.92 

292,205.70 

208,687.05 

349,595.70 

Percent. 
60.00 

1911 

60.00 

1912 

60.00 

1913 

59.78 

1914 

$30,279,290.00 

48.32 

1915 

44.72 

1918 

45.00 

1917 

45.00 

1918 

45.00 

1918  2 

44.94 

1919  2 

44.92 

>  Domestic  exports  are  included  in  "all  other"  exports. 
2  Calendar  years. 


tariff  information  surveys.  57 

General  Information, 
tariff  classification. 

84.  Glass  bottles,  decanters,  and  all  articles  of  every  description 
composed  wholly  or  in  chief  value  of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated 
in  any  manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decorated,  ornamented, 
colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched,  sand  blasted,  frosted,  or 
printed  in  any  manner,  or  ground  (except  such  grinding  as  is  neces- 
sary for  fitting  stoppers  or  for  purposes  other  than  ornamentation) , 
and  all  articles  of  every  description,  including  bottles,  and  bottle 
glassware,  composed  wholly  or  in  chief  value  of  glass  blown  cither 
in  a  mold  or  otherwise;  all  of  the  foregoing,  not  specially  provided 
for  in  this  section,  filled  or  unfilled,  and  \\diether  their  contents  be 
dutiable  or  free,  45  per  centum  ad  valorem:  Provided,  That  for  the 
purposes  of  this  act,  bottles  with  cut-glass  stoppers  shall,  with  the 
stoppers,  be  deemed  entireties. 

Par.  95.  Incandescent  electric-light  bulbs  and  lamps,  with  or  with- 
out filaments:  and  all  glass  or  manufactures  of  glass  or  paste  or  of 
which  glass  or  paste  is  the  component  material  of  chief  value,  not 
speciall}'  provided  for  in  this  section,  30  per  centum  ad  valorem, 

DESCRIPTION. 

The  classes  of  ware  and  the  rate  of  dut}*  specified  in  paragraph  84 
of  the  tariff  act  of  1913  are  as  follows:  Glass  bottles,  decanters,  and 
all  articles  of  every  description  composed  wholly  or  in  chief  value 
of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated  in  any  manner,  or  cut,  engraved, 
painted,  decorated,  ornamented,  colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded, 
etched,  sand  blasted,  frosted,  or  printed  in  any  manner,  or  ground 
(except  such  grinding  as  is  necessary  for  fitting  stoppers  or  for  pur- 
poses other  tlian  ornamentation)  and  all  articles  of  every  description, 
including  bottles  and  bottle  glassware,  composed  wholl^y  or  in  chief 
value  of  glass  blown  either  in  a  mold  or  otner'^'ise;  all  of  the  fore- 
going, not  specially  provided  for  in  this  section,  filled  or  unfilled,  and 
whether  their  contents  be  dutiable. or  free,  45  per  cent  ad  valorem: 
Provided,  That  for  the  purposes  of  this  act,  bottles  with  cut-glass 
stoppers  shall,  with  the  stoppers,  be  deemed  entireties. 

Chemical  glassware  is  omitted  here,  as  it  is  treated  in  a  separate 
Tariff  Information  Survey. 

The  principal  groups  of  glassware  of  American  manufacture  con- 
sidered in  the  fijcing  of  the  rate  of  duty  upon  competitive  foreign 
products  in  paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913  are  the  following: 

Pressed  table  glassware,  lighting  glassware;  blown  (uml)lers,  stem- 
ware, and  bar  goods;  lamps  and  lamp  chimneys;  cut  glass  antl  deco- 
rated ware;  pressed  jellies,  tumblers,  and  goblets.  (See  p.  72  for  list 
of  blown  and  pressed  ware  made  in  American  factories.) 

DOMESTIC   PRODUCTION. 

In  1917  there  were  113  companies  operating  129  pressed  and  blown 
ware  factories,  7  of  which  used  automatic  machines  and  16  used 
semiautomatic  machines.     These  factories  were  in  11  States,  includ- 


58  TARIFF   IXFOEMATION    SURVEYS. 

ing  Massachusetts  in  the  East  and  Okhihoma  in  the  West.  In  1910, 
8,282  skilled  workmen,  members  of  the  Flint  Glass  Workers'  Union, 
were  making  pressed  and  blown  ware. 

Materials. — ^The  materials  used  are  sand,  soda  ash,  lime,  lead, 
htharge,  and  albana,  all  of  domestic  origin;  carbonate  of  potash  from 
Germany  ( before  the  war) ;  nitrate  of  soda  from  Chile ;  manganese 
from  Russia;  antimony  from  France  and  Japan;  arsenic  from  Eng- 
land; and  powdered  blue  from  Germany.  For  making  crystal  and 
cut  glass,  other  materials  used  are  red  lead,  saltpeter,  and  barium. 

Methods  of  'production.— l^\\\rij-io\xv  per  cent  of  the  pressed  and 
blown  ware  factories  make  tableware,  and  some  of  these  make  cut- 
glass  bar  goods  and  chemical  ware.  Thirty-one  per  cent  make 
lighting  goods  and  tableware,  and  some  lighting  goods  manufac- 
turers also  make  lamp  chimneys. 

Tableware  is  made  in  large  quantities  by  a  pressing  process;  the 
article  takes  its  form  from  a  mold  under  the  pressure  of  a  plunger, 
the  exterior  surface  being  modeled  b}^  the  mold  and  the  interior  sur- 
face by  the  plunger.  A  large  proportion  of  tableware  is  also  blown 
or  made  in  paste  mold  machines.  A  paste  mold  is  made  of  iron,  and 
is  coated  inside  with  a  paste  of  carbon.  The  blower  gathers  the 
molten  glass  and  blows  it  in  the  mold  which  he  opens  and  closes  with 
his  foot.  Only  ware  of  a  round  shape,  which  can  be  rotated  in  the 
mold,  can  be  made  in  a  paste  mold.  Full}'  90  per  cent  of  all  blown 
glassware  is  produced  in  a  mold. 

Lighting  ware  is  made  either  by  blowing  or  by  pressing.  In  blown 
goods  the  articles  are  either  handmade  (blown  offhand  without  the 
aid  of  a  mold)  or  are  blown  in  a  mold.  In  all  blown  glassware  the 
blowpipe  is  used  as  a  gathering  rod.  Lighting  ware  is  ornamented 
by  sand  blasting,  etching,  cutting,  painting,  or  by  a  combination  of 
these. 

Lamp  chimneys  are  blown  offhand  without  the  aid  of  molds,  or 
are  blown  in  a  paste  mold,  or  made  by  machine. 

There  are  two  kinds  of  cut  glass,  light  or  engraved,  and  heavy  or 
deep  cut.  Articles  such  as  stem  ware,  vases,  bowls,  nappies,  plates, 
bonbons,  colognes,  etc.,  are  cut  or  engraved  in  designs  ranging  from 
the  cheap,  common,  unpolished  wheel  engraving  to  elaborate  designs 
known  as  rock  crystal.  Heavy  oi*  deep  cut  glass  is  of  two  grades,  one 
cut  on  blown  blanks,  the  other  cut  on  pressed  or  mold  blanks.  Pressed 
or  molded  blanks  can  be  used  only  for  open  pieces  such  as  bowls, 
plates,  etc.  Pressed  lime  blanks  with  designs  partially  made  in 
the  mold  are  imitations  of  real  lead  blank  cut  glass.  American  deep 
cut  glassware,  famous  foi  its  superior  qualities,  surpasses  that  of  other 
countries  for  crystal  brilliancy  and  sharpness  of  cutting. 

Organization. — -In  1916  in  8  blown  tableware  establishments,  the 
capital  employed  in  the  business  was  .$1,642,881  and  the  value  of 
land,   buildings,   and   equipment  was   $786,030.     In  20  blown  and 

Eressed  tableware  establishments,  the  capital  employed  in  the 
usiness  was  $7,691,784  and  the  value  of  land,  buildings,  and  equip- 
ment was  $4,314,405.  In  18  lighting  goods  establishments,  the 
capital  employed  in  business  was  $12,062,347  and  the  value  of  land, 
buildings,  and  equipment  was  $7,425,008.  In  6  lamp  chimney  estab- 
lishments, tlie  capital  employed  in  the  business  was  $730,454  and  the 
value  of  the  land,  buildings,  and  equipment  was  $431,794.  The  net 
sales  of  the  blown  tableware  establishments  were  $1,820,229;  of 
blown  and  pressed  tableware,$8, 125, 077;  of  lighting  goods,  $10,962,041 ; 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  59 

and  of  the  6  lamp  chimney  establishments,  91,230,578.  The  highest 
percentage  of  profit  on  capital  invested  in  the  8  blown  tableware 
establishments  was  30.43,  and  the  average  profit  was  10.34  per  cent. 
In  the  20  blowTi  and  pressed  tableware  establishments,  the  highest 
percentage  of  profit  on  capital  invested  was  29.26:  the  average  profit 
was  one-tenth  of  1  per  cent,  and  the  greatest  loss  was  30.89  per  cent. 
In  the  IS  lighting  goods  establishments,  the  highest  profit  on  capital 
invested  was  40.1  per  cent,  and  the  average  was  10.25  per  cent. 
In  the  6  lamp  chimney  establishments,  tlie  highest  profit  on  capital 
invested  was  27.51  per  cent,  and  the  average  profit  was  4.86  per  cent.^ 

Domestic  production  amJ  consumption. — The  production  of  pressed 
and  blown  w^are  w^as  valued  at  S30,279,290  in  1914.  This  was  an 
increase  of  37.9  per  cent  over  1904,  and  was  24.6  per  cent  of  the  total 
production  of  glass  of  all  kinds  in  1914.  In  the  10-year  period  1904 
to  1914  there  was  a  slight  falling  off  in  the  production  of  lamp  chim- 
neys, less  than  1  per  cent,  and  in  that  of  lantern  globes  a  decrease  of 
22.7  per  cent;  but  in  electrical  and  gas  lighting  ware  there  were  in- 
creases of  450.3  per  cent  and  129.7  per  cent,  res])ectivcly.  Tableware 
production  increased  21  per  cent;  goblets,  tumblers,  and  jelly  glasses, 
145.6  per  cent;  opal  ware,  324.9  per  cent;  and  cut  glassware,  255.8 
per  cent. 

The  imports  of  pressed  and  blown  ware  from  1911  to  1914,  inclu- 
sive, were  a  little  over  SI, 250, 000  annually,  the  maximum  being 
in  1911,  SI, 313, 457.  The  production  of  general  tableware,  lighting 
ware,  and  lamp  chimneys  is  sufficient  to  supply  domestic  consump- 
tion. The  severest  competition  has  been  on  thin  blown  ware  such 
as  stem  ware,  goblets,  tumblers,  etc. 

Domestic  exports. — The  value  of  the  exports  of  tableware,  cut  glass, 
lighting  ware,  etc.,  in  1914,  was  S2, 071, 164.  In  1917,  they  amounted 
to  S5, 41 1,995,  an  increase  of  102.6  per  cent.  England,  Canada, 
Cuba,  South  America,  and  many  other  countries  took  increased 
quantities. 

From  1914  to  1917  the  increase  in  value  to  Canada,  was  41  per 
cent;  to  Cuba,  227.6  per  cent;  to  Argentina  and  other  South  American 
countries,  371.6  per  cent;  to  Japan  and  other  Asiatic  countries,  556 
per  cent;  to  Australia  and  other  Oceanic  and  to  African  countries, 
77.9  per  cent. 

The  increases  are  largely  due  to  cessation  of  prockiction  in  European 
glass  producing  countries. 

FOREIGN   PRODUCTION. 

Statistics  of  foreign  production  are  not  available.  The  export 
trade  of  the  European  glass  producing  countries  is  an  inck'X  of  their 
potential  power  as  competitors.  Their  exports  of  ail  kinds  of 
glassware  in  1913  had  a  value  of  893,500,000.  Of  this  total  (ier- 
many  exported  30.3;  Belgium,  21.6;  Austria,  IS.S;  France,  10;  Xeth- 
erlands,  9.8,  and  the  United  Kingdom,  9.5  per  cent.  Forty  per  cent 
of  the  European  exports  was  of  hollow  glassware.  The  exports  of  all 
glass  products  to  the  United  States  was  a  little  over  1  per  ceiU  of  the 
total. 


'  While  several  of  the  113  companies  operate  two  or  more  factories  and  have  large  capacities,  none  controls 
a  dominating  proportion  of  the  output,  or  can  exercise  a  price-fixing  influence. 


60  TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 

IMPORTS. 

Very  little  pressed  tableware  has  been  imported,  in  fact  considera- 
ble quantities  were  exported  before  the  war  began.  Imported 
pressed  ware  consists  largely  of  door  knobs.  There  have  been  con- 
siderable inportations  of  fine  grades  of  blown  ware  and  decorated 
blown  ware.  ^lost  of  this  is  stem  ware.  Many  plain  goblets  come 
from  France.  Ornamented  tumblers,  etched,  cut  or  colored,  and  also 
highly  decorated  and  colored  articles,  such  as  oil  and  vinegar  cruets, 
sugars  and  creams,  salts  and  peppers,  and  cologne  bottles  used  to 
come  from  Austria.     Some  also  came  from  Germany. 

For  the  fiscal  year  1913,  under  the  tariff  act  of  1909,  the  value  of 
the  imports  of  blown  and  pressed  ware  (including  ware  dutiable  in 
paragraphs  other  than  par.  84)  was  S3, 006, 621 ;  and  for  the  fiscal  year 
1914,  mainly  under  the  tariff  act  of  1913,  the  value  of  the  imports 
of  the  ware  was  S3, 387, 853,  including  the  interim  imports  from  Julv 
1  to  October  1,  1913,  of  S670,839. 

Nearly  70  per  cent  of  the  imports  of  1913,  and  65  per  cent  of  those 
of  1914,  were  blown  ware  or  decorated  blown  and  pressed  ware, 
dutiable  in  1913  at  60  per  cent  and  in  1914  at  45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Incandescent  lamps  with  metal  filament  constituted  the  bulk  of  the 
remainder  in  both  years. 

The  value  of  the  imports  of  cut  or  ornamented  glassware  imported 
for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1914,  was  $1,151,875,  and  of  this 
34.5  per  cent  was  from  Austria:  27.9  per  cent  from  Germany;  13.9 
per  cent  from  Belgium;  10  per  cent  from  France;  9.6  per  cent  from 
England;  and  less  than  4  per  cent  from  other  countries. 

PRICES. 

The  increases  in  the  average  net  selling  prices  f.  o.  b.  factor}'  of 
staple  articles  of  pressed  and  blown  ware  from  1913  to  1917  were  as 
follows:  Blown  tumblers,  132  per  cent;  pressed  goblets,  120  per 
cent;  plain  nappy,  70  per  cent;  packers  jelly,  40  per  cent;  pitcher, 
common  -^-gallon,  37  per  cent:  nappie,  4-inch,  60  per  cent:  tumblers, 
common,  2-pint,  17  per  cent. 

TARIFF   HISTORY. 

While  the  same  groups  of  glassware  have  been  retained  in  similar 
paragraphs  during  the  past  35  years,  there  have  been  five  changes 
m  the  rates  of  duty.  The  act  of  1883  fixed  the  rate  at  45  per  cent 
ad  valorem;  that  of  1890  at  60  per  cent  ad  valorem;  that  of  1894 
at  40  per  cent  ad  valorem;  that  of  1897  restored  the  1890  rate  of  60 
per  cent,  and  this  was  retained  in  the  act  of  1909,  while  that  of  1913 
fixed  the  rate  the  same  as  that  of  1883,  at  45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
The  fluctuations  in  rates  of  duty  apparently  did  not  affect  imports, 
which  have  been  uniform  as  a  rule. 

TARIFF   CONSIDERATIONS. 

Manufacturers  of  electric  and  gas  lighting  glassware  have  called  to 
the  attention  of  the  Tariff  Commission  the  fact  that,  although  their 
industry  has  grown  to  very  large  proportions  in  the  past  40  years, 
the  phraseology  of  the  tariff  law  affecting  them  has  undergone  little 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


61 


change.  Without  classifying  their  product  or  naming  it,  the  prac- 
tice has  been  to  group  lighting  ware  with  certain  kinds  of  bottles 
and  other  ware.  Paragi-aphs  in  the  tariff  acts  enumerate  window 
glass,  plate  glass,  and  other  kinds  separately.  The  manufacture  of 
electrical  lighting  goods  increased  from  a  production  of  1,901,415 
dozen  in  1904  to  10,461,843  dozen  in  1914,  an  increase  of  450  per 
cent;  increase  in  gas  lighting  ware  was  129  per  cent. 

The  president  of  the  American  Flint  Glass  Workers'  Union  stated 
that  there  is  European  competition  in  the  United  States  with  Ameri- 
can-made ''paste  mold  ware,  shades,  globes,  tumblers,  stem  ware, 
electric  bulbs,  etc.,"  and  that  the  wages  of  European  glassworkers 
were  20  per  cent  less  on  goods  made  for  export  to  the  United  States 
than  for  continent <al  consumption.^ 

A  tableware  manufacturer  thought  that  a  duty  of  60  per  cent  was 
too  high.  A  manufacturer  of  thin-blown  ware  said:  "We  can  not 
hold  this  domestic  trade  (supplying  the  American  demand)  after  the 
war  unless  the  old  tariff  rate  is  reestablished,  and  in  stating  this  we 
take  into  consideration  the  increase  of  wages  in  foreign  countries." 
The  majority  of  the  manufacturers  advocated  increased  tariff  duties. 
A  manufacturer  of  thin  ware  said:  "  The  matter  of  making  stem  ware, 
blown  and  otherwise,  should  be  taken  up  by  the  Tariff  Commission." 


Blown  and  pressed  ware — Production  in  the  United  States. 
[From  Federal  census.) 


Glass  production. 


Pressed  and  blown,  value 

Tahleware 100  pieces 

Jellies,  tumblers,  and  goblets dozen 

I>anips do. . 

Chimneys do. . 

Lantern  globes do. . 

Globes  and  other  electrical  goods do. . 

Shades,  globes,  and  other  gas  goods do.. 

Blown  tumblers,  stem  ware,  and  bar  goods do. . 

Opal  ware do.. 

Cut  ware do. . 

Decorated  glassware do. . 


1904 


956, 158 
283,974 
346, 214 
487,017 
039,756 
765, 247 
901,415 
878, 244 
2S2, 606 
0!)1,20S 
83,736 


1914 


279,290 
554,056 
030, 243 
580, 196 
989,624 
363, 562 
461,843 
016,800 
377,310 
636,051 
297,957 
158,077 


Per  cent  of 
increase. 


37.91 

21.03 

145. 44 

19.14 

0.72 

o  22. 74 

4.50. 33 

129. 65 

81.08 

324. 94 

255.81 


a  Decrease. 


f>  Not  shown  separately  in  1904. 


Pressed  and  blown  glassware  (bottles,  decanters,  and  other  glassware  cut  or  ornamented) — 
Imports  by  countries  (fiscal  years). 


Imported  from— 

1911 « 

1912 

$231, 721 

172,356 

143,287 

319,431 

80,701 

1,721 

52,325 

1913 

1914 

1916 

1916 

Austria-Hungary 

$423,616 
136,468 
190,027 
380, 074 
84,602 
8,727 
89,343 

$299,978 
141,436 
115,232 
332,809 
107,416 
2,719 
33,358 

$397,028 
159,641 
118,848 
321,360 
111,168 
7,509 
36,321 

$139,097 
30,886 
84,597 
170,370 
86,364 
8,318 

ai.soo 

$23, 674 

Belgium 

2,498 

France 

70,350 

Germany 

35,185 

United  Kingdom 

103,298 

Japan 

12,229 

Another 

35,549 

Total 

1,313,457 

1,001,542 

1,032,948 

1,151,875 

545,222 

282,783 

Imported  f 

rom— 

1917 

1918 

19186 

1919  ft 

$762 

$33,749 

$5,675 
101,860 

4,326 

France                           

i65,877 
1,591 

111,744 
11,808 
76,047 

$i6i,653 

50 

68,598 

32,421 

21,247 

200,424 

43,301 

United  kingdom 

65,688 
41,367 
47,401 

63,900 

Japan                     

30,447 

All  other 

65,086 

Total 

307,819 

261,991 

223,367 

441,233 

a  Included  in  all  other  glassware  prior  to  1911.  ft  Calendar  year. 

I  See  testimony  in  vorification,  p.  143:  "The  Glass  Industry  as  Affected  by  the  Wir." 


62  TARIFF   IXFORAIATIOX    SURVEYS. 

Pressed  and  blown  glassware  (all  other)— Imports  by  countries  (fiscal  years). 


Imported  from- 


1910 


Austria-Hungary S910, 288 

Belgium 206, 377 

France 792, 435 

Germany 1,267,006 

United  Kingdom '  254, 043 

Japan 37, 456 

All  other 74, 484 


Total 3,542,089 


1911 


$444,969 

150, 733 

517,401 

1,131,460 

207,453 

6,540 

31, 096 


1912 


$654, 125 
35,150 
247, 670 
902,473 
151, 940 
5,284 
40,927 


2,489,652   2,037,669 


1913 


$590, 
31, 
204, 
1,049, 
233, 
5, 
47, 


1914 


2,162,403  1  2,468,128 


1915 


$531,095 

$345,525 

130,241 

11,057 

249,510 

130,642 

1,258,150 

839,213 

226,296 

195,331 

6,637 

10,548 

66, 199 

79,524 

1,611,840 


Imported  from- 


1916 


1917 


1918 


1918 » 


Austria-Hungary 

Belgium 

France 

Germany 

United  Kingdom 

Japan 

Another 

Total 


$51, 
1, 
96, 
182, 
146, 
22, 
67, 


$1,283 


109,586 
6,924 

191,070 
59, 384 
73, 157 


$150 

85,398 

542 

207,711 

273, 765 

72,952 


$43,585 

1,020 

172,313 

219, 983 

30,364 


$52,495 
14,935 
55, 169 
92,486 
170,473 
169,425 
57, 680 


566, 369 


441,404 


640,518 


467,265 


612, 663 


1  Calendar  year. 
Porcelain,  opal,  and  other  blown  glassware— Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


1907.. 
1907  1 

1908.. 
19081 

1909.. 


60  per  cent 

60  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 

60  per  cent 

60  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
60  per  cent 


Quantity. 


Value. 


$243, 908. 35 
12. 00 

313,655.95 
2.00 

108,671.56 


Duty 
collected. 


$146,345.01 
5.76 

188,192.57 
.96 

65, 202. 94 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
60.00 
48.00 

60.00 
48.00 

60.00 


1  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

All  articles  of  every  description,  including  bottles  and  bottle  glassware,  composed  wholly  or 
in  chief  value  of  glass,  blown,  either  in  a  mold  or  otherwise,  n.  s.  p.  f. — Imports  for  con- 
sumption— Re  venue . 


Fiscal  year. 

Rates  of  duly. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duties 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910 

60  per  cent 

.?:613,957.36 

684,177.87 

1,015,442.25 

1,072,248.52 

642.00 

93.00 

10.00 

223,782.61 

775,908.60 

418.00 

4,757.00 
739,353.00 

1,286.00 
304,468.00 
259,496.00 
381,898.00 
168,130.00 

$368,374.42 
410,506.72 
609,265.35 
643,349.11 

Per  cent. 
60.00 

1911 

do 

60.00 

1912 

do 

60.00 

1913 

do 

60.00 

19131 

Duty  remitted 

1913J 

do 

19133 

60  per  cent  to  20 

per  cent. 
60  per  cent 

4.80 

134,269.57 
349, 158. 88 

48.00 

1914  < 

60.00 

1914  ■ 

45  percent 

45  00 

191466 

Free,  sec.  IV,  J5... 

191451 

Free 

1915 

45  percent 

332,708.85 

45.65 

19151 

Free 

1916 

45  percent 

137,010.60 
116,773.20 
171,854.10 
75,658.50 

45.00 

1917 

.  .  do 

45  00 

1918 

do 

45.00 

1918' 

do 

45.00 

1  Forthe  use  of  the  United  States. 

2  Panama  Act. 

3  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

<  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


6  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
8  For  construction  and  equipment  of  vessels. 
'  Calendar  year  Jan.  1  to  June  30. 1918. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


63 


GJassirare,  blown,  either  in  a  mold  or  otherwise,  n.  s.  p.  f.— Imports  for  consumption — 

Revenue. 

BOTTLES  AND  BOTTLE  GLASSWARE. 


Calendar  year. 

Rates  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duties 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19181 

45  per  cent 

do 

Pounds. 
72,322 

$9,811.00 
40,159.00 

54,414.95 
18,071.55 

$0. 136 
.447 

Per  cent. 
45.00 

1919 

89,921 

45.00 

TABLEWARE  AND  BAR  GLASS. 


1918» 

45  per  cent 

do     

Piece. 
31,787 
910,756 

S8, 939. 00 
83,626.00 

$4,022.55 
37,631.70 

$0,281 
.092 

Per  cent. 
45.00 

1919 

45.00 

CHIMNEYS  FOR  OIL  LAMPS. 


19181 

45  per  cent 

do 

Number. 
144 
..;             11,104 

S12.00 
1,252.00 

S5.40 
563.40 

SO. 083 
.112 

Per  cent. 
45.00 

1919 

45.  OC 

GLOBES  AND  SHADES  FOR  GAS  AND  ELECTRIC  LIGHTS. 

191S1 

45  per  cent 

..     do 

Number. 
6 
56,067 

$2.00 
2,433.00 

$0.90 
1,094.85 

$0. 333 
.043 

Per  cerit. 
45.00 

1919 

45. 00 

BULBS  FOR  INCANDESCENT  LAMPS  AND  TUBES  FOR  MAKING  THEM. 


Pounds. 

Per  cent. 

1919 

do 

670 

$280. 00 

$126.00 

$0. 418 

45. 00 

ALL  OTHER  ARTICLES. 


19181. 
1919.. 


45  per  cent. 
do 


Number. 
2,032,736 
4,815,065 


$61,241.00 
217,416.00 


$27, 558. 45 
97, 837. 20 


$0,030 
.045 


Per  cent. 
45.00 
45.00 


iJuIyl  to  Dec.  31,1918. 


Bottles,  decanters,  or  other  vessels  or  nrticlcs  of  glass,  cut,  engraved,  painted,  colored, 
stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched,  frosted,  printed  in  any  manner  or  otherwise  ornamented, 
decorated,  or  ground  {except  such  grinding  as  is  necessary  for  fitting  stoppers),  and  any 
articles  of  which  such  gla.ss  is  the  component  material  of  chief  value— Imports  for  con- 
sumption — Itevenne. 


Fiscal  year. 


1907.. 
19071. 


1908.. 
1909.. 
1909  1. 


Rale  of  duty. 


60  per  cent 

60  per  cent  less  20 

percent 

60  per  cent 

do 

60  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent 

Duty  remitted 


Quantity. 


Value. 


«1, 742, 333. 07 

8.18 
1,463,466.03 
1,267,705.42 

4.00 
10. 00 


Duty 
collected. 


{1,045,399.86 

3.93 

878,079.59 
760,623.25 

1.92 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

con»i>uU'<l 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 


1  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 


s  For  use  of  foreign  ministers. 


64 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Bottles,  decanters,  and  all  articles  of  every  description,  composed  wholly  or  in  chief  valve 
of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated  in  any  manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decorated, 
ornamented,  colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched,  saml-blasted,  frosted,  or  printed  in 
any  manner,  or  ground  {except  such  grinding  as  is  necessary  for  Jitiing  stoppers  or  for  pur- 
poses other  than'ornamentation),  n.  s.  p.  f. — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


1910 '  60  per  cent 

1910 ' !  Duty  remitted 

191 1 !  60  per  cent 

19112 1  60  per  cent-20  per 

cent 

1912 60  per  cent 

1912 1 1  Duty  remitted . . . . 

1912  3 1  Free 

1912  2 60  per  cent-20  per 

cent 

1913 1  60  per  cent 

1913' Duty  remitted 

1913< 

19136 

19146 

1914' 

1914  2,7 


do. 
do. 

60  per  cent 

45  per  cent 

45  per  cent-20  per 

cent 

1914 '>  8 Free.    (Sec.     IV, 

I      J5) 

19141-' Free.     Art.    636, 

C.R 


Quantity. 


Value. 


$1,086, 
1,341, 

1,063 


209. 01 
115.00 

,  976. 27 

20.00 
338.84 
38.00 
5.00 


27.00 
1,029,730.21 
24.00 
,917.00 
,046.00 
791. 54 
536.88 


4, 

2, 

290, 

925, 


96.00 
003.00 
,096.00 


Duly 
collected. 


$651,725.41 

"805,"  185.' 76' 

9.60 
638,003.31 


12.96 
617, 838. 16 


174, 474. 92 
416,491.60 


34.56 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rale. 


Per  cent. 


60 


60 
45 


36 


'  For  use  of  foreign  ministers. 
2  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 
^  From  Philippine  Islands. 
<  For  the  use  of  the  United  States. 


6  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

'  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

8  For  construction  and  equipment  of  vessels. 


BottUs,  decanters,  and  all  articles  of  every  description,  composed  wholly  or  in  chief  valu, 
of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated  in  any  manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decoratede 
ornamented,  colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched,  sand-blasted,  frosted,  or  printed 
in  any  manner,  or  ground  (except  such  grinding  as  is  necessary  for  fitting  stoppers  or 
for  purposes  other  than  ornamentation),  n.  s.  p.f. — Imports  for  consumption — Bevenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rati 

1915 

$584,168.00 

3.00 

1,394.00 

781.00 

719.00 

3,993.00 

310, 445. 00 

13.00 

301,604.00 
322.00 

267,448.00 
144,830.00 

$262,875.60 

Per  cent. 
45 

19151 

Free.    Sec.  IV,  J5 

19152 

Free.    See.  IV,  K. 

19153 

Free.  Act636,C.R. 

1915< 

Free...  . 

19155 

do .     ... 



1916 

45  per  cent 

139,700.25 
4.68 

135,721.80 
115.92 

120,351.60 
65,173.50 

45 

1916« 

45  per  cent-20  per 

cent. 
45  per  cent 

36 

1917 

45 

19176 

45  per  ccnt-20  per 
cent. 

36 

1918 

45 

1918' 

do 

45 

1  Forcinstructionand  equipment  of  vessels. 

'  Forsupplics  of  vessels. 

3  For  use  of  foreign  ministers. 

<  For  use  of  the  United  States. 


°  From  Philippine  Islands. 

5  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

'  Calendar  year:  Jan.  1  to  June  30, 1918. 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


65 


Glasstcare  of  every  description,  composed,  etc.,  of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated  in  any 
manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decorated,  ornamented,  colored,  stained,  silvertd, 
gilded,  etched,  sand-blasted,  frosted,  or  printed  in  any  manner,  or  ground  {except  such 
grinding  as  is  necessary  for  fitting  stoppers  or  for  purposes  other  than  ornamentation), 
n.  s.  p.f. — BottUs  and  decanters— Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Eate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19181 

1919 

Pieces. 

45  per  cent 258, 137 

do 1,308,045 

$33,772.00 
190,431.00 

$15,197.40 
85,693.95 

$0,131 
.146 

Per  cent. 
45 
45 

1  July  1  to  Dec.  31,1918. 

Glassware  of  every  description,  composed,  etc.,  of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated  in  any 
manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decorated,  ornamented,  colored,  stained,  silvered, 
gilded,  etched,  sand-hlas>ted,  frosted,  or  printed  in  any  manner,  or  ground  {except  such 
grinding  as  is  necessary  for  fitting  stoppers  or  for  purposes  other  than  ornamentation), 
n.  s.  p.f.- — Candlesticks,  candelabra,  chandeliers  and  parts  of.  and  other  articles  that  can 
be  used  in  connection  with  artificial  methods  r>f  illumination,  n.  s.  p.  f. — Imports  for 
consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity.    ^       Value. 

1 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

.\ctualand 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19181 

45  per  cent 

do 

Pieces. 

1,059             $390.00 
52, 416            6, 142. 00 

$175.50 
2,763.90 

$0,368 
.117 

Per  cent. 
45 

1919 

45 

1  July  1  to  Dec.  31, 1918. 

Glassivare  of  every  description,  etc.,  ornamented,  etc. — Globes  and  shades,  for  gas  and 
electric    lights — Imports  for    consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

191S1 

1919. 

45  per  cent 

.  ..do 

Pieces. 
2,647 

487 

$271.00 
427.00 

$121.95 
192.15 

$0,102 
.877 

Per  cent. 
45 
45 

1  July  1  to  Dec.  31,1918. 

Glassware  of  every  description,  etc,  ornamented,  etc. — Tableware  and  bar  glass—  Imports 

for  cons  umplion — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

1 
Dntv         Value  per 

i 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  vulorem 

rate. 

1918'       

45  per  cent 

. .  do 

Pieces. 
14,020 
466,440 

$14, 880. 00 
98,313.00 

$6,696.00            $1,061 
44,240.85                .211 

Percent. 
4& 

1919 

4& 

1  July  1  to  Dec.  31, 1918. 


47578— 21— B-9- 


66 


T^VEIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Glassware  of  every  description,  etc.,  ornamented,  etc. — All  other  articles — Imports  for 

consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1918' 

1919 

45  per  cent 

do 

Pieces. 

236, 814 
2, 213, 732 

?20, 323. 00 
133,731.00 

$9,145.3.5 
60, 178. 95 

SO.  086 
.060 

Per  cent. 
45 

45 

1  July  1  to  Deo.  31,  1918. 

Glassivare,  molded  or  pressed — Candlesticks,  candelabra,  and  thandcliers.  and  parts  of, 
and  other  articles  that  can  be  used  in  connection  with  artificial  victhodk  of  illumitiativn 
n.  s.  p.f. — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 
unit  of 

quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1918'  

30  per  cent 

do 

Pieces. 
1.5,583 
375 

$1, 709. 00 
840. 00 

S512. 70 
252. 00 

SO.  148 
2.240 

Per  cent. 
30 

1919 

30 

I  July  1  to  Dec.  31,  1918. 

Glassware,  molded  or  pressed — Globes  and  shades  for  gas  and  electric  lights — Imports  for 

consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1918 1 

30  per  cent 

do         

Pieces. 

34 
1,011 

S13. 00 
365.  00 

S3. 90 
109. 50 

$0. 382 
.361 

Per  cent. 
30 

1919 

30 

1  July  1  to  Dec.  31,  1918. 

Glassware,  molded  or  pressed — Tableware  and  bar  glass — Imports  for  consumption — 

Revenue. 

Calendar  year  1919:  Rate  of  duty,  30  percent;  42,562  pieces:  value,  S2, 799;  duty  collected,  S839.70;  value 
per  unit  of  quantity,  S0.066;  actual  and  computed  ad  valorem  rate,  30  percent. 

All  other  manufactures  of  glass  or  paste,  or  of  which  glass  or  paste  shall  be  the  component 
material  of  chief  value,  n.  s.  p.f. — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


1907.. 
19071. 
1908. . 
19081. 
1909.. 
1909'. 

1909  2. 

1910. . 

1910  1. 
1911.. 
1911'. 
1912. . 

1912  I. 
1913.. 
19131. 

1913  3. 
1914 <. 


Rate  of  duty. 


45  per  cent 

45 less 20  percent.. 

45  per  cent 

45 less  20  per  cent.. 

45  per  cent 

45 less 20  percent.. 
75  per  cent  of  45 
per  cent. 

45  per  cent 

45  less  20  per  cent. 

45  per  cent 

45  less  20  per  cent . 

45  per  cent , 

45 less  20  percent.. 

45  per  cent 

45  less  20  percent.. 

Duty  remitted 

45  percent , 


Quantity. 


Value. 


$616, 
603, 
517, 

874, 
372, 
390, 
414, 

1, 

73, 


596. 44 
62. 80 

513. 28 
85.00 

141.53 

60.40 

3.00 

059. 93 

10.00 
581. 21 

46.00 
727.65 

25.00 
764. 21 

11.00 
770.00 
542. 69 


Duty 
collected. 


S277, 
271, 
232, 

393, 
167, 
175, 
186, 


468. 45 
22.61 

580. 99 
30.60 

713. 69 

23.90 

1.01 

326. 97 

3.60 

661.55 

16.56 

827. 46 
9.01 

643.92 
3.96 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


33, 094. 22 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent  . 
45. 00 
30. 00 
45.00 
36.00 
45.00 
36.  (X) 
33.75 

45.00 
36. 00 
45.00 
36.00 
45.00 
36.00 
45. 00 
38.00 


45.00 


1  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

2  From  Philippine  Islands. 


3  For  the  use  of  the  United  States. 

*  July  1  to  Oct.  3.  1913.  under  act  of  1909. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


67 


All  other  manufactures  of  glass  or  paste,  or  of  which  glass  or  paste  is  the  component  material 
of  chief  value,  n.  s.  p.f. — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

T)  t           Value  per 

collected         "^"  "f 
coiicctea.      quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1914> 

30  per  cent 

$353,849.85 
56.00 
100.00 
772.00 
266,144.00 
21.00 

9.00 

103, 755. 00 

108.00 

773,841.00 

27.00 

1,739.00 

129,254.00 

17.00 

30.00 

8.00 

117,764.00 

30.00 

4,285.00 

121,834.00 

$106,154.96 

Per  cent: 
30  00 

1914'2 

Free  (.sec.  IV,  J  5) . 
Free  (art.  636,  C.R.) 
Free 

191413 

1914i« 

1915 

30  per  cent 

79,843.20 
5.04 

30  00 

1915  5 

30  per  cent  less  20 

])er  cent. 
Free(art.636,C.R.. 

24  00 

19153 

1916 

30  per  cent 

31,126.50 

30.00 

1916< 

Free 

1917 

30  per  cent .... 

22,152.30 
6.48 

30.00 

1917* 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free  (sec.  IV,  J  5). 
30  per  cent 

24.00 

1917* 

1918 

38,776.20 
4.08 

30.00 

1918  6 

30  per  cent  less  20 

per  cent. 
Free           



24.00 

1918" 

19182 

Free  (sec.  IV,  J  5). 
30  per  cent 

1918' 

35,329.20 

30.00 

Free 

1918 '2 

Free(sec.  IV,  J5). 
30  per  cent 

1919' 

36,550.20 

30.00 

1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

2  For  construction  and  equipment  of  vessels. 

3  For  use  of  foreign  ministers. 

*  For  use  of  the  United  States. 


5  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

6  From  Philippine  Islands. 
'  Calendar  vear. 


Bloutn  and  pressed  ware,  paragraph  84,  act  of  1913 — Domestic  exports  {fiscal  years). 


Exported  to — 

1912 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917              1918 

France   

$12,350 

149, 439 

41,456 

5,178 

2,942 

264,610 

1,340,852 

95,058 

388, 179 

212,733 

334,704 

19, 198 

12,580 

7,272 

182,920 

38,114 

51,380 

32,819 

138,006 

§27,325 

134,716 

41,985 

5,375 

2,711 

316,665 

1,293,010 

75,529 

204,692 

160,820 

228,901 

10,298 

14,143 

8,418 

117,016 

48,399 

33,629 

36,743 

131,743 

$24,710 

111,138 

44,729 

4,261 

8,754 

412,599 

1,144,087 

71,492 

87,791 

160,201 

180,012 

20,589 

13,386 

2,4.56 

139,459 

34,894 

37,291 

37,214 

136, 101 

$25,188 
12,007 
7,343 
6,194 

$48,178 

$37,643          13,339 

Netherlands 

2,271 
22.267 

3,076               280 
60,726  f          2,030 

Sweden 

13,074            17.653 

16,342                265 

United  Kingdom .. . 
Canada 

589,935 

822,029 

74,881 

78,668 

216,391 

176,820 

28,382 

16,858 

10,329 

207,552 

49,527 

40,388 

18,618 

117,266 

2,400,228 
1,099,086 

115,640 
67,864 

412,514 

465,789 
47,335 
26,793 
29,762 

270,686 
81,303 
52,226 
93,315 

208,087 

936,858  1      173,596 
1,612,826  1  1,887,567 

Central  America  . . . 
Mexico 

183,512         150,365 
191,790         415,711 

Cuba 

524,832  ;      794,790 

South  America 

848,807  1      878,389 
96,307  '      159,372 

British  India 

58,525          30,253 
90,825          63,840 

Australia 

211,252  j      130,001 

New  Zealand 

Philippines 

56,736  1        29,495 
52,694  1        90,669 

British  South  Africa 
Another     

103,434           55,779 
325,810        295,579 

Total 

3,329,290 

2,892,124 

2,671,164 

2,511,450 

5,460,997 

5,411,995     5,177,320 

Cut  or  engraved  glassware — Domestic  exports  (calendar  years). 


Exported  to — 


All  Europe 

Canada 

Panama... 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Argentina. 

Brazil 

Chile 


$2,484  ' 

62,366  i 
1,196  ' 
5,997  j 

23,506 
2,.'iS7  I 
2.727  I 

15,614 


1919 


$45,243 
104,789 
1,978 
21,6:58 
19,602 
12,472 
7,023 
2,305 


Exported  to — 


Peru 

T'niguay... 
China...... 

Australia. . 
Philippines 
Another... 

Total 


1918 


$5,197 
1,288 
4,000 
3,114 
3,516 
5,857 


139,449 


1919 


$7,015 
5,227 
9,475 
7,2,35 
4,774 

20,349 


269,125 


68  TAEIFF   INrORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Electric  lamps  (carbon  or  metal  filaments) — Domestic  exports  (fiscal  years) 


Exported  to — 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917 

1918 

$69,074 
167,241 
46,119 
41,255 
182,977 
29,587 
65,495 
21,232 

$32,281 
128,528 
24,057 
52, 819 
96, 130 
16,662 
34,204 
6,822 

$73,095 
43,295 
80,247 
51,244 
129,667 
101,468 
80,954 
15,102 

$153,305 
99.865 
179,989 
48,900 
318,156 
320,613 
245,534 
60, 549 

$547,646 
184,225 
282,913 
151,663 
758,502 

78,860 
262,376 

35,030 

$898,078 

269,315 

Cuba                  

426,562 

All  other  North  America 

117, 899 
1,234,445 

51,656 

252,326 

76,996 

Total 

622,980 

391,503 

575,072 

1,426,911 

2,301,215 

3,327,277 

Electric  lamps  (carbon  or  metal  filaments) — Domestic  exports — Calendar  years. 


Exported  to—               1      1918 

1919 

Exported  to — 

1918 

1919 

Canada '  $638, 521 

Mexico i    235,233 

Cuba 1    443, 546 

All  other  North  America 1    135, 066 

South  America jl,  444, 465 

$961,952 

366,729 

328,450 

199,343 

1,715,180 

Europe 

$60,327 
421,987 
92,919 

$389,815 
776, 685 

Africa 

138,753 

Total 

3,472,064 

4, 876, 907 

Glassware — All  other — Domestic  exports — Calendar  years. 


Exported  to- 


Europe 

North  America. 

Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba 

All  other... 
South  America. 

Argentina. . 

Bra7.il 

Chile 

Peru 

Another... 
Asia 

China 

Japan 

Another... 
Oceania 

Australia... 

Philippine. 

All  other... 
Africa 


Number 
of  coun- 
tries. 


Total. 


$148,080 


1,935,197 
360,920 
8.52,311 
324,110 


103,798 
116,931 
185,983 
174,103 
271,734 


270,609 
136,300 
105,625 


149,056 
124,962 
53,376 
88,300 


5,401,395 


Number 
of  coun- 
tries im- 
porting. 


$1,497,413 


2, 271, 861 
605, 183 
848,864 
433,440 


315,868 
206,909 
151,563 
195,284 
416,647 


326,197 
81,274 
191,428 


307,663 

222,569 

79,413 

177,368 


8,328,944 


Blown  and 

pressed  ware —  Who  lesa  le 

prices. 

Year. 

Nappies, 

4-inch; 

average 

price  per 

dozen. 

Pitchers, 
J-gallon; 
average 
price  per 
dozen. 

1 
Timiblers, 

i-pint, 
common; 

average 
price  per 

dozen. 

Year. 

Nappies, 

'i-inch; 

average 

price  per 

dozen. 

Pitchers, 
J-gallon; 
average 
price  per 
dozen. 

Tumblers, 
i-pint, 
common; 
average 
price  per 
dozen. 

1900        

$0.1000 
.1400 
.1400 
.1400 
.1400 
.1400 
.1400 
.1400 
.1220 

$1.0000 
1.3000 
1.3000 
1. 3000 
1. 1500 
1.0500 
1.0500 
1.0500 
.  9630 

$0. 1800 
.1800 
.  1850 
.  1767 
.  1600 
.1500 
.  1500 
.1500 
.1325 

1909 

$0.1170 

$0. 9960 
.9420 
.8000 
.8000 
.8000 
.9000 
.8500 
1.0000 
1.1000 

$0. 1342 

1901  

1910 

1130 
1100 
1100 
1100 
1200 
1350 
1613 
1750 

.1200 

1902 

1911 

1912 

.1100 

1903     

.1100 

1904 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

December,  1916 

.1200 

1905     

.1200 

1906 

.1100 

1907 

.1250 

1008 

.1400 

TARIFF   IXFORMATIOX   SURVEYS.  69 

Bottles,  decanters,  or  other  glassicare,  cut  or  ornamented — Rates  of  duty. 


Par. 


Tariff  classification  or  description. 


Rate  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 


135 
136 

143 

106 
108 

109 

110 
111 


100 


Articles  of  glass  cut,  engraved,  painted,  colored,  printed,  stained, 
silvered,  or  gilded,  not  including  plate  glass,  silvered  or  looking- 
glass  plates. 

All  glass  bottles  and  decanters,  and  other  like  vessels  of  glass, 
shall,  if  filled,  pay  the  same  rates  of  duty,  in  addition  to  any 
duty  chargeable  on  the  contents,  as  if  not  filled,  except  as  in 
this  act  otherwise  specially  provided  for. 

Porcelain  and  Bohemian  glass,  chemical  glassware,  painted  glass- 
ware, stained  glass,  and  all  other  manufactures  of  glass  or  of 
which  glass  shall  be  the  component  material  of  chief  value,  not 
specially  enumerated  or  provided  for  in  this  act. 

All  articles  of  glass,  cut,  engraved,  painted,  colored,  printed, 
stained,  decorated,  silvered,  or  gilded,  not  including  plate  glass- 
silvered,  or  looking-glass  plates. 

Thin  blown  glass,  blown  with  or  without  a  mold,  including  glass 
chimneys  and  all  other  manufaetm-es  of  glass,  or  of  which  glass 
shall  be  the  component  material  of  chief  value,  not  specially 
provided  for  in  tlus  act. 

Heavy  blown  glass,  blown  with  or  without  a  mold,  not  cut  or 
decorated,  finished  or  unfinished. 

Porcelain  or  opal  glassware 

All  cut,  engraved,  painted,  or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated 
glass  bottles,  decanters,  or  other  vessels  of  glass  shall,  if  filled, 
pay  duty  in  addition  to  any  duty  chargeable  on  the  contents, 
as  if  not  filled,  unless  otherwise  specially  provided  for  in  this 
act. 

All  articles  of  glass,  cut,  engraved,  painted,  colored,  printed, 
stained,  decorated,  silvered,  or  gilded,  not  including  plate  glass 
silvered,  or  looking-glass  plates. 

All  glass  bottles,  decanters,  or  other  vessels  or  articles  of  glass, 
when  cut,  engraved,  painted,  colored,  printed,  stained,  etched, 
or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated,  except  such  as  have 
ground  necks  and  stoppers  only,  not  specially  provided  for  in 
this  act,  including  porcelain  or  opal  glassware. 

Provided,  That  if  such  articlesshall  be  imported  filled,  the  same 
shall  pay  duty,  in  addition  to  any  duty  chargeable  upon  the 
contents  as  if  not  filled,  unless  otherwise  specially  provided  for 
in  this  act. 

Glass  bottles,  decanters,  or  other  vessels  or  articles  of  glass,  cut, 
engraved,  painted,  colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched, 
frosted,  printed  in  any  manner  or  otherwise  ornamented, 
decorated,  or  ground  (except  such  grindmg  as  is  necessary  for 
fitting  stoppers),  and  any  articles  of  which  such  glass  is  the 
component  material  of  chief  value,  and  porcelain,  opal,  and 
other  blowTi  glassware:  all  the  foregoing,  filled  or  unfilled,  and 
whether  their  contents  bo  dutiable  or  free. 

Glass  bottles,  decanters,  and  all  articles  of  every  description  com- 
posed wholly  or  in  chief  value  of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated 
in  any  manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decorated,  orna- 
mented, colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched,  sand  l)lasted, 
frosted,  or  printed  in  any  manner,  or  ground  (except  such 
grinding  as  is  necessary  for  fitting  stoppers  or  for  purposes  other 
than  ornamentation),  and  all  articles  of  every  description,  in- 
cluding bottles  and  bottle  glassware,  composed  wholly  or  in 
chief  value  of  glass  blown  cither  in  a  mold  or  otherwise;  all  of 
the  foregoing,  not  specially  provided  for  in  this  section,  filled 
or  unfilled,  and  whether  their  contents  be  dutiable  or  free. 

Provided,  That  for  the  piu-poses  of  this  act,  bottles  with  cut- 
glass  stoppers  shall,  with  the  stoppers,  be  deemed  entireties. 

Glass  bottles,  decanters,  and  all  articles  of  every  description  com- 
posed wholly  or  in  chief  value  of  glass,  oriiamented  or  dec- 
orated in  any  manner,  or  cut,  engraved,  painted,  decorated, 
ornamented,  colored,  stained,  silvered,  gilded,  etched,  sand 
blasted,  frosted,  or  printed  in  any  manner,  or  ground  (except 
such  grinding  as  is  necessary  for  lilting  stoppers  or  for  |>urposes 
other  than  ornamentation),  and  all  articles  of  every  descrip- 
tion, including  bottles  and  bottle  glassware,  composed  wholly 
or  in  chief  value  of  glass  blown  either  in  a  mold  or  otherwise; 
all  of  the  foregoing,  not  speciallv  provided  for  in  this  section, 
filled  or  unfilled,  and  whether  their  contents  tie  <lulialile  or  free. 
Provided,  That  for  the  purposes  of  this  act,  bottles  with  cut- 
glass  stoppers  shall,  with  the  stoppers,  be  deemed  entireties. 


45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Do. 

60  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

40  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Do. 


60  per  cent  ad  valore  i 


Do. 


45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 


70 


TAKIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Incandescent  electric-light  bulbs  and  lamps,  glass,  and  manufactures  thereof,  etc. — Rates 

of  dull/. 


1883 
1890 


1894 


1897 
1909 


420  i 
707 

105 

108 

459 
590 
102 

351 

495 
112 

109 


*  *  *  incandescent  eleotric-light  bulbs  and  lamps,  with  or 
without  filaments;  and  all  glass  or  manufactures  of  glass  or 
paste  or  of  wliich  glass  or  paste  is  the  component  material  of 
chief  value,  not  specially  provided  for  in  tliis  section. 

Composiiions  of  glass  or  paste,  when  not  set 

Glass,  broken  pieces,  and  old  glass,  which  cannot  be  cut  foruse, 

and  fit  only  to  be  remanufactured. 
Fhnt  and  lime,  pressed  glassware,  not  cut,  engraved,  painted, 

etched,  decorated,colored,  printed,  stained,  silvered,  or  gilded. 

*  *  *  allothermanufacturesofglass,or  of  which  glass  shall  be 
the  component  material  of  cliief  value,  not  specially  provided 
for  in  this  act. 

Manufactures  of  *  *  *  paste,  *  *  *  not  specially  pro- 
vided for  in  this  act,    *    *    *. 

Glass,  brolcen,  and  old  glass,  which  can  not  be  cut  for  use,  and  flit 
only  to  be  remanufactured. 

*  *  *  and  all  manufactures  of  glass,  or  of  which  glass  is  the 
component  of  cliief  value,  not  specially  provided  for  in  this 
act. 

Manufactures  of  *  *  *  paste  *  *  *  or  of  which  these 
substances  or  either  of  them  is  the  component  material  of 
cliief  value,  not  specially  provided  for  in  this  act. 

Glass,  broken,  and  old  glass,  which  can  not  be  cut  for  use,  and 
fit  only  to  be  manufactured. 

*  *  *  and  all  glass  or  manufactures  of  glass  or  paste,  or  of 
which  glass  or  paste  is  the  component  material  of  chief  value, 
not  specially  provided  for  in  this  act. 

*  *  *  and  all  glass  or  manufactures  of  glass  or  paste  or  of 
which  glass  or  paste  is  the  component  material  of  chief  value, 
not  specially  provided  for  in  this  section. 


30  per  cent  ad  valorem. 


10  per  cent  ad  valorem. 
Free. 

60  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Do. 

25  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Free. 

35  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

25  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Free. 

45  per  cent  ad  valorem. 

Do. 


Court  and  Treasury  Decisions. 


Paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913  is  a  reenactment  without  change 
except  in  the  rate  of  duty,  of  paragraph  98  of  the  act  of  1909.  The 
decisions  under  the  earlier  law,  therefore,  directly  apply  to  the  later 
law. 

Several  cases  were  made  upon  plain  stem  glassware  with  blown 
bowl  and  molded  stem  and  foot.  The  question  was  whether  classifica- 
tion should  be  as  glassware  composed  wholly  or  in  chief  value  of 
blown  glass,  or  as  a  manufacture  of  glass.  The  importer's  conten- 
tion that  the  component  material  of  chief  value  was  not  blown  glass 
was  finally  sustained.  The  value  of  the  bowl  was  taken  as  of  the 
time  when  it  became  blown  glass,  and  the  value  of  the  stem  and 
foot  as  of  the  time  when  they  were  given  their  form  by  molding. 
The  cost  of  removing  the  boss  from  the  top  of  the  bowl  was  declared 
not  an  expense  incurred  in  blowing  the  glass  or  in  making  the  blown 
glass  of  the  bowl.  The  cost  of  producing  the  stem  and  the  foot 
included  only  the  value  of  the  molten  material  used,  the  expense  of 
putting  such  material  in  place,  and  the  labor  cost  of  fashioning,  not 
of  finishing,  the  stem  and  foot.  (United  States  v.  Gredelue,  5  Ct. 
Cust.  Appls.,  298;  United  States  v.  Burley  &  TyiTell  Co.,  5  Ct.  Cust. 
Appls.,  401;  and  United  States  v.  Fondeville,  7  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  135.) 

In  a  prior  case  the  Court  of  Customs  Appeals,  after  reviewing  the 
legislation  and  litigation,  held  that  paragraph  98  of  the  act  of  1909 
was  intended  to  cover  all  articles  of  colored  glass  not  specially 
provided  for,  and  accordingly  included  colored  glass  insulators. 
(United  States  v.  Wakem,  2  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  411.) 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  71 

Other  cases  under  prior  tariff  acts  were  reviewed  in  a  decision  that 
if  an  article  otherwise  within  paragraph  98  of  the  act  of  1909  was  sus- 
ceptible of  use  as  a  container,  no  difference  should  be  made  in  the 
assessment  of  duty  whether  it  was  unfilled  or  filled  as  imported,  with 
contents  dutiable  or  free.  Colored  glass  funnels  were  held  to  come 
within  paragraph  98  (Scientific  Supply  Importing  Co.  v.  United 
States,  5  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  56).  So  were  thermos  bottles  of  bloAvn 
glass  (Stegemann  v.  United  States.  4  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  26).  Also  glass 
mosaics,  colored  or  gilded  (United  States  v.  Foscato,  6  Ct.  Cust.  Appls., 
15).  And  blown  glass  baths  used  in  photographv  (Gallagher  v. 
United  States,  6  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  387). 

Exit  signs  of  cylinder  glass,  sand  blasted  and  colored,  with  ground 
edges,  were  held  dutiable  as  gla^s  articles,  colored  and  sand  blasted, 
within  paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913  and  not  as  glasts  under  para- 
graphs 85  and  90  of  that  act.  (United  States  v.  Bache,  7  Ct.  Cust. 
Appls.,  445). 

The  phrase  ''  composed  wholly  or  in  chief  value  of  glass  blown  either 
in  a  mold  or  otherwise,"  in  paragraph  98  of  the  act  of  1909,  being 
descriptive,  it  is  immaterial  whether  merchandise  described  thereby 
is  or  is  not  included  within  a  commercial  term,  and  the  provision  em- 
braces gauge  glasses  produced  bv  blowing  and  drawing.  (G.  A.  7399 
(T.  D.  32882):) 

Table  glassware,  vases,  etc.,  which  when  pressed  in  a  mold  were 
ornamented  so  as  to  give  the  appearance  of  cut  glass,  were  held  duti- 
able at  45  per  cent  ad  valorem  inider  the  provision  in  paragi-aph  84 
of  the  act  of  1913  for  "articles  of  every  description  composed  wholly 
or  in  chief  value  of  glass,  ornamented  or  decorated  in  anv  manner." 
(Department  order,  T.  D.  35167.) 

"Ornamented  or  decorated  in  any  manner"  does  not  ref[uire  the 
article  to  be  ornamented  or  decorated  by  a  process  diiforent  from 
that  of  its  manufacture,  and  applies  to  thin  glass  bottles  having  sprays 
of  leaves  and  fruits  molded  into  the  glass  as  a  part  of  the  manufacture 
of  the  bottles  (Smith  v.  United  States,  8  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  256). 
Similar  bottles  with  ornamentations  in  the  form  of  roses  or  vines  were 
likewise  classified  (Abstracts  39494  and  40224). 

Ornamental  glass  bottles  having  a  glass  stopper  elongated  in  a  rod 
reaching  almost  to  the  bottom  of  the  bottle,  used  for  holding  per- 
fumery, the  purpose  of  the  stopper  being  to  use  a  drop  of  tlie  per- 
fumery at  a  time,  were  also  held  not  to  be  plain  glass  l)ottlcs  an«l  to 
be  dutiable  under  paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1 913.     (Abstract  4 1 520.) 

Glass  bottles  containing  perfumery,  classified  as  plain  glass  bottles 
and  subjected  to  the  same  rate  of  duty  as  their  contents,  were  held 
dutiable  as  decorated  bottles  under  paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913. 
(Abstract  41682.) 

Christmas  tree  ornaments,  consisting  of  a  star  inclosed  in  a  circle 
3  inches  in  diameter,  composed  of  colored  an(l  silvered  or  gilde*!  glass 
perforated  articles  strung  on  metal  wires,  having  a  peiidant  composed 
of  similar  articles  of  glass  strung  on  red  cotton  strings,  and  other 
articles  of  similar  description,  were  held  properly  classified  as  beaded 
articles  at  50  per  cent  ad  valorem  under  paragraph  333  rather  than 
as  manufactures  of  blown  glass  under  paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913. 
(Abstract  42364.) 

Trays,  the  rims  of  which  were  of  stained  bandjoo,  the  ])ottoms  of 
two  panes  of  common  flat  window  glass,  between  which  were  natural 


72 


TAEIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


butterflies  with  paper  bodies,  leaves,  and  silk  threads  so  arranged  as 
to  give  the  effect  of  a  decoration  on  glass,  the  decorations  not  being 
attached  to  either  pane  of  glass  but  held  in  position  by  the  fastening 
of  the  panes  of  glass  into  the  rims  of  the  trays,  were  held  not  to  be 
articles  in  chief  value  of  glass  ornamented  or  decorated  within  para- 
graph 84,  but  dutiable  as  manufactures  of  glass  under  paragraph  95 
of  the  act  of  1913.  (United  States  v.  Basli^  9  Ct.  Cust.  Appls..  160, 
affirming  Abstract  42239.) 

Rings  of  decorated  glass  large  enough  to  be  worn  on  the  wrist  as 
bracelets  and  composed  of  milk-colored  glass,  mottled  in  two  places 
red  and  green,  while  the  remainder  of  the  ring  was  plain,  were  held 
dutiable  as  articles  of  decorated  glass  within  paragraph  84  and  not  as 
jewelrv  under  paragraph  356  of  the  act  of  1913.  (Abstracts  42366 
and  43631.) 

Chandeliers,  electroliers,  ceiling  lights,  and  brackets,  composed  of 
metal  and  cut  glass,  were  held  properly  classified  as  entireties  in  chief 
value  of  glass,  cut,  under  paragraph  84  of  the  act  of  1913.  (Abstracts 
40508  and  41253.) 

Glass  vials,  classified  as  blown  glass  articles  under  paragraph  84, 
were  held  dutiable  under  paragraph  83  of  the  act  of  1913.  (Abstracts 
39725  and  41010.) 

List    of    Articles    Made   in    American    Pressed    and    Blown 
Ware  Factories  in  1917. 


i 


Advertising  novelties. 

Blown-ware  specialties. 

Caster  balls. 

Bar  goods . 

Beakers. 

Beer  mugs. 

Bells. 

Bent-glass  mirrors. 

Bicycle  lamps. 

Bird  baths  and  seed  cups. 

Blown  tableware. 

Blown  (plain  and  etched)  and  cut  tum- 
blers. 

Cake  covers. 

Canes. 

Chemical  ware. 

Chippendale  tableware. 

Cigar  jars. 

Colored  art  glass. 

Colored  and  crystal  glass. 

Colored,  opal,  and  crystal  toy  marbles. 

Condensing  lenses  for  motion-picture  and 
enlargement  uses. 

Condensers. 

Confectioners'  supplies. 

Convex  and  fiat  glasses  for  headlights. 

Crystal  and  colored-glass  specialties. 

Cut  ware. 

Cut-glass  tableware. 

Decorated  shades. 

Decorated  vase  lamps. 

Druggists'  ware. 

Display  jars. 

Electrical  goods. 

Electric  and  gas  lighting  goods. 

Electric  shade  blanks. 

Electric  signs. 


Etched  ware. 

Fish  globes. 

Five-gallon  bottles. 

Flasks. 

Flat  shades. 

Flint,  amber,  and  in>soluble  tulnng. 

Flint  packers  and  preser^-ers. 

Fruit-jar  liners. 

Funnels. 

Gas  and  electric  headlights. 

Glass  cutters'  blanks. 

Glass  letters. 

Glass  top  fruit  jars. 

Gauge  glasses. 

Globes. 

Goblets. 

Homeopathic  vials. 

Hydrometers. 

Illuminating  glassware. 

Imperial  art  glass. 

Incandescent  bulbs. 

Insulators. 

Jars. 

Jellies. 

Lamp  chimneys. 

Lantern  globes. 

Laboratory  ware. 

Lead  and  lime  blanks. 

Lead-blown  tumblers. 

Lens  and  headlight  glasses  for  railroad 

and  automobiles. 
Lenses  and  lens  blanks. 
Lenses  for  automobile  goggles  and  sun 

glasses. 
Lenses  (ground,  polished,  and  molded j 

for  flashlights  and  electric  lanterns. 
Light-cut  glass. 


TAEIFF  INFORMATION   SUR^^2yS. 


73 


Light  cuttings 

Light  brown  stem  ware. 

Light  or  skin-cut  glassware. 

Lime-blown  tumblers. 

Lithographers'  balls. 

Mangin  mirror  lenses. 

Mazda  electric  lamps. 

Milk  bottles. 

Needle-etched  tumblers. 

Needle  and  plate-etched  blown  ware. 

Nest  eggs. 

Oil  and  electric  lamps. 

Oil  cups. 

Opal  nest  eggs. 

Opal  glass  brick. 

Opal  ointment  and  cold-cream  pots. 

Opal  ware. 

Optical  lens  blanks. 

Packers'  jars. 

Paper  weights. 

Paste  jars. 

Paste  mold  ware. 

Photographic  supplies. 

Premium  ware. 

Present  tableware. 

Pressed  and  brown  ware. 

Pressed  tableware. 

Pressed  vault  and  prism  lights. 


Private  mold  work. 

Punch  tumblers. 

Pyrex  baking  dishes. 

Pail  way  globes. 

Salt  and  pepper  shakers. 

School  inks. 

Shades  for  figures  and  taxidermists. 

Side  and  tail  lights. 

Signal  glass. 

Stationers'  ware. 

Stem  ware. 

Stone  engraved  glassware. 

Tablet  jars. 

Thermometers. 

Thin-blown  tumblers. 

Tiffany,  faATile  glass. 

Tobacco  jars. 

Toilet  bottles. 

Towel  rods  and  bars. 

Tov  marbles. 

Tubing. 

Tumblers. 

Turn  mold  ware. 

Vacuum  bottles. 

Vases. 

Vault  lights. 

Wines  and  clarets. 


COMMON  WINDOW  GLASS  CYLINDER. 


CYLINDER  AND   COMMON  WINDOW  GLASS,  UNPOLISHED. 

Summary. 

description. 

Window  glass  embraces  all  glass  blown  into  cylbider  form,  either 
by  hand  or  by  machme,  and  afterwards  flattened  into  sheets,  an- 
nealed, and  cut  into  desired  commercial  sizes.  vSome  of  its  most 
important  proj^erties  are  transparency,  homogeneity,  and  strength. 
It  is  a  hard  substance  which  has  passed  to  a  solid  condition  from  a 
fluid  state  at  a  high  temperature. 

DOMESTIC  PRODUCTION. 

Sixty  per  cent  of  the  total  of  about  nine  million  50-foot  boxes 
of  window  glass  of  the  blast  of  1916-17  was  made  in  27  factories  by 
the  machme  method,  using  317  blowing  and  drawing  machmes. 
Forty  per  cent  of  the  total  was  made  in  55  factories  by  the  hand 
method.  Thirteen  machine  factories,  usuig  180  macliines,  and  12 
handwork  factories  are  in  Pennsylvania;  8  machuie  factories  and 
80  machmes  and  20  handwork  factories  are  in  West  Virginia;  3 
machine  factories  and  30  machines  and  9  handwork  factories  are 
in  Ohio.  Other  factories  arc  in  7  other  States.  In  1899,  217,061,100 
square  feet  of  window  glass  was  produced,  and  400,998,893  square 
feet  in  1914,  an  mcrease  m  the  15  years  of.  84.7  per  cent  in  quantity. 
In  1899  its  value  was  S10,879,355  and  in  1914,  $17,495,956,  an  in- 
crease of  60.8  per  cent  in  value.  The  suspension  of  production  ai)d 
export  trade  m  Belgium  and  other  countries  caused  an  increase  in 
the  domestic  production  of  the  United  States  and  an  entirely  new 
development  in  the  export  trade  of  its  window  glass  during  the  war. 

COMPARATIVE    COSTS    OF   PRODUCTION    OF   HANDMADE    GLASS. 

The  average  cost  of  production  in  35  American  handmade  windov^^- 
glass  factories  in  1916  ^  of  a  single  strength  50-foot  box  of  window  glass 
was  SI. 744.  Of  the  total,  the  materials  (batch  and  packing)  cost 
29.2  cents  per  box;  fuel  cost  15.8  cents;  sundry  cost  18.3  cents,  while 
factory  labor  cost  $1,111  per  box.  Materials  were  16.7  per  cent; 
fuel,  9.1  per  cent;  sundry  cost,  10.5  per  cent;  and  factory  labor,  63.7 
per  cent  of  the  total  cost. 

From  a  detailed  cost  statement  furnished  the  Tariff  Commission  by 
a  Belgian  window-glass  factory  for  the  year  1909  it  ap])ears  that  the 
Belgian  total  cost  of  production  of  a  50-foot  box  single  strength  of 
window  glass  was  91.8  cents.^ 

>  Bureau  of  Foreisn  and  Domestic  Commerce  report. 

2  TarifT  Information  Series  No.  5,  The  glass  industry  as  affected  by  the  war,  pp.  50-51. 

74 


TAKIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  75 

Materials  in  the  Belgian  factory  cost  21 .9  cents  per  box  as  comjiared 
vith  the  American  cost  of  29.2  cents.  Fuel  cost,  as  mi<^lit  l)e  oxprclod, 
vas  greater  in  Belgium,  being  19  cents  per  box  as  against  an  Ainei-ican 
cost  of  15.8  cents.  Labor  was  42.1  per  box  in  the  Bclgiau  factory,  while 
the  American  labor  cost  was  more  than  two  and  a  half  times  greatcn-, 
or  $1,111  per  box.  Labor  cost  was  45.S  per  cent  of  the  total  cost  in 
the  Belgian,  and  63.7  per  cent  of  the  total  cost  ui  the  American 
factories.  Contrastuig  vraps  witli  labor  cost  it  appears  that  the 
average  wa^es  of  window-glass  hand  blowers  ui  Belgian  factories  was 
$3  per  day,  m  American  factories  the  average  was  S7  per  day,  or  less 
than  two  and  one-half  times  greater. 

The  Belgian  cost,  however,  can  not  be  regarded  as  fully  representa- 
tive, as,  while  accurate,  it  is  for  one  establishment  only,  and  the 
periods  differ  too  much  for  direct  comparison  with  American  costs. 
The  figures  are  suggestive  and  indicate  the  wide  dilferences  in  labor 
and  other  costs  under  normal  conditions  in  the  production  of  hand- 
made glass. 

MACHINE-MADE    GLASS. 

The  American  cost  of  production  in  the  foregoing  is  based  mainly 
on  the  skill  of  the  hand  blower  who  limits  his  ovm  production  to  nine 
cylinders  of  glass  per  hour,  his  labor  to  40  hours  per  week  and  his 
period  of  employment  per  year  to  six  months.  This  hand  blower 
makes  a  cylinder  of  glass  about  5  feet  long  and  12  to  15  inclies  in 
diameter,  or  about  2,800  square  inches,  and  it  takes  him  longer  to 
make  it  than  it  takes  a  macnine  to  blow  a  cylinder  over  39  feet  long 
and  22  inches  in  diameter  containing  about  32,000  square  inches. 
The  machine  tender  operates  3  to  5  machines  at  the  same  time,  and 
produces  this  immense  quantity  of  glass  and  receives  25  per  cent 
less  wages  than  the  hand  blower.  The  high  rate  of  earnings  of  the 
hand  blower  ($50  per  week  in  1917)  is  charged  into  the  labor  cost  of 
his  restricted  output  of  nine  small  cylinders  a  day,  while  the  lesser 
earnings  of  the  machine  operator  ($40  per  week  in  1917)  when  dis- 
tributed as  labor  cost  over  his  great  quantity  of  production  nnd^e  a 
relatively  small  labor  cost  in  a  50-foot  box.  As  machine  production 
is  60  per  cent  of  the  total  production  the  ability  of  machine  factoi'ies 
to  compete  with,  the  handmade  glass  of  European  countries  is  a 
reasonable  conclusion. 

TARIF   CONSIDERATIONS. 

The  tariff  problem  centers  around  the  small  sizes  of  window  glass, 
up  to  and  including  glass  16  by  24  inches  in  size,  or  384  square  inches. 
The  tariff  on  the  larger  sizes  "is  satisfactory  to  maiuifactiirers.  The 
consumers  of  window  glass  in  the  United  States  reqiiiri-  from  50  to 
55  per  cent  of  the  single  strength  in  the  small  sizi>s  up  to  16  by  24. 
Single  strength  measures  approximately  12  lights  to  the  inch  in 
thickness  and  weighs  about  16  ounces  to  the  scpiare  foot;  double 
strength,  about  9  lights  to  the  inch  and  weighs  about  24  ounces  to 
the  square  foot. 

The  rates  of  duty  in  the  tarill'  act  of  1909  on  the  small  sizes  were 
reduced  in  the  tarifl"  act  of  1913  from  U  cents,  Ig  cents,  U  cents,  and 
IJ  cents  per  pound  to  }  cent  and  1  cent  per  pound,  a<Tording  to  value 
and  surface  area. 


76 


TAKIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


American  manufacturers  complain  that  Belgian  factories  hare  had 
no  market  at  home  or  in  France  for  the  small  sizes  of  window  glass. 
A  large  proportion  of  window  glass  in  all  countries  is  imperfect  for 
cutting  into  large  sizes  and  the  product  has  to  be  cut  into  small  sizes  to 
be  salable.  This  poor  and  surplus  product  of  Belgium  seeks  a  market 
in  the  United  States.  Of  the  total  imports  of  window  glass  into  the 
United  States  each  year  from  1906  to  1914,  inclusive,  from  80  to  95 
per  cent  was  of  the  small  sizes  8  by  10  to  16  by  24  inches.  Some 
window  glass  manufacturers  have  stated  (1916)  that  without  material 
injury  to  the  industry  the  duties  on  the  larger  brackets  might  be 
reduced. 

General  Information. 

Common  windoto  glass,  cylinder — Rales  of  duty. 


Rate  of  duty  per 
pound. 

Computed  ad  valo- 
rem rate. 

Classification. 

Act  of 
1909. 

Act  of 
1913. 

Year 
ending 
June  30, 

1913. 

Oct.  4, 

1913,  to 

June  30, 

1914. 

Not  exceeding  150  square  inches: 

Valued  at  not  more  than  li  cents  per  pound 

Cents. 
11. 

Cents. 

Per  cent. 
92.10 
34.00 

107. 51 
54. 23 

107.94 
58.66 
50.30 
52.08 
64.27 

119.36 

Per  cent. 
j-       20. 77 

1       31.51 

}       32.71 

1        42.83 
47.74 

Valued  at  more  than  H  cents  per  pound 

11  j              I 

1}  !           1 

11  '           1 

Above  150  and  not  exceeding  384  square  inches: 

Valued  at  not  more  than  1^  cents  per  pound 

Valued  at  more  than  If  cents  per  pound 

Above  384  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches: 

Valued  at  not  more  than  2}  cents  per  poimd 

2i 
2| 
2J 
3} 
3! 
4J 

li 
1§ 
li 
11 
2 

Valued  at  more  than  2^  cents  per  pound 

Above  864  and  not  exceeding  1,200  square  inches 

Above  1 ,200  and  not  exceeding  2,400  square  inches 

Above  2,400  square  inches 

28. 33 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished — Summxiry  table. 


Fiscal  year. 

Domestic 
production. 

Imnorts  for 
consumption. 

Domestic 
exports. 

Ratio  to  production. 

Imports. 

Exports. 

1910 

$711,741.00 
825,381.48 
827,868.19 
804,731.-50 
1,212,536.00 
679,226.00 
140,262.00 
277,222.00 
84,018.00 
33,634.00 
73,636.00 

$67,995 

121,339 

114,109 

434,361 

311,339 

1,443,113 

3,123,916 

3,483,596 

3,401,120 

3,812,653 

6,492,608 

Per  cent. 

Per  cent. 

1911 



1912 

1913 

1914 

$17,495,956.00 

6.93 

1.78 

1915 

1916 

1917 

1918 

1918» 

1919  • 

Year. 

Value 
(imports  for 
consump- 
tion). 

Araoinit 
of  duty. 

Equiva- 
lent ad 
valorem 
rate. 

Year. 

Value 
(imports  for 
consump- 
tion). 

Amount 
of  duty. 

Equiva- 
lent ad 
valorem 
rate. 

0 

$711,741.00 
82.5,381.48 
827,  S68. 19 
804, 731. 50 
1,212,536.00 
679,226.00 

$425,300.43 
515,  ISO.  46 
3,S3,946.73 
330,767.82 
338,541.34 
179,372.45 

Per  cent. 
59.  75 
62.42 
46. 38 
41.10 
27.92 
26.41 

1916 

$140,262.00 

277, 222.  00 

84,018.00 

33,634.00 

73,636.00 

$13,221.65 
23,485.67 
5,347.42 
2,867.19 
0,133.54 

Per  cent. 
9.43 

1 

1917 

8.47 

2 

1918 

6.36 

3 

19181  

8.52 

4 

19191 

8.33 

I  Calendar  year. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  77 

DOMESTIC   PRODUCTION. 

In  the  census  year  1S99  there  were  217,064,100  square  feet  of  win- 
dow glass  produced  in  the  I'nited  States  and  in  1914  the  quantity 
was  400,998,893  s(|uare  feet,  an  increase  in  15  -n  eai-s  of  84.7  per  cent 
in  quantity.  In  1899  its  value  was  S10,879,355  and  in  1914  S17,- 
495,956,  an  increase  of  60.8  per  cent  in  value.  Domestic  production 
increased  from  1914  to  1916  on  account  of  the  cessation  of  production 
and  export  trade  in  the  glass-producing  European  countries  and  the 
consequent  development  of  the  export  trade  of  the  United  States. 
The  estimate  of  the  production  of  machine  and  hand-made  glass  for 
the  blast  of  1916-17  was  about  nine  million  50-foot  boxes,  or  about 
450,000,000  square  feet. 

Materials.— -Silica  sand,  crushed  limestone,  carbonate  of  soda  or 
soda  ash,  ground  carbon,  sulphate  of  soda  or  salt  cake  are  the  ma- 
terials used  in  the  manufacture  of  window  glass.  All  are  of  domestic 
origin. 

Eguipmdit. — The  machinery  and  equipment  of  both  machine  and 
hand  factories  are  of  American  make.  The  ecjuipment  of  a  hand 
factor,'  is  simple,  clay  pots  or  tanks  for  melting  tlie  ingredients  and  iron 
blowpipes  betv.een  4  and  5  feet  in  length  })eing  the  most  important. 

For  machine  production  the  equipment  is  elaborate  and  cx])ensive. 
To  install  a  bank  of  eight  machmes  cost  about  S40,000  before  the 
war.     The  most  successiul  machme  is  an  American  invention. 

Methods  of  production, — ^With  an  iron  blow})i]^e  the  hand  blower, 
in  a  surprisingly  skilKul  manner,  makes  a  cylinder  of  shiglc  strength 
glass  about  5  feet  in  length  and  from  12  to  15  niches  hi  diameter. 
The  most  successful  machine  draws,  hoists,  and  blows  cylinders  of 
glass  nearly  39  feet  hi  lengtli  and  about  22  inches  in  diameter.  From 
the  cylinder  made  by  machme  more  tlian  eigiit  times  as  much  glass 
is  obtained  as  from  the  cylinder  made  by  hand.  The  large  machine 
cylinder  is  made  m  less  time.  The  machuie  blower  operates  from 
three  to  five  machines  at  a  time.  The  processes  of  flattening,  anneal- 
ing cuttuig,  ajid  boxmg  are  the  same  for  machhie  and  hand  made 
glass.  A  method  of  drawing  the  glass  in  a  continuous  flat  sheet  is 
still  in  an  experimental  stage  hi  the  United  States,  but  is  said  to  be 
successfully  employed  hi  Belgium.^ 

Organization. — The  princijial  machine  com]>any  o])erates  118 
machines  and  6  factories  and  is  the  largest  window-glass  ])roducer  in 
the  world.  Its  productive  capacity,  organization,  and  facilities 
enabled  it  to  export  80  per  cent  of  all  the  window  glass  cxpoilcd  in 
1916,  an  exceptional  year,  the  total  amounting  to  over  S3,0()().00() 
m  value.  This  one  company  could  produce  nearly  all  the  window 
glass  needed  hi  the  American  market.  It  curtails  ]>roduction,  how- 
ever, and  with  other  machine  factories  divides  tiie  dojuestic  market 
with  the  55  small  hand-blown  glass  factories,  which  o])oratc  about  six 
months  of  each  year  and  ]iroduce  40  j^er  cent  of  tiu^  total  window 
glass.  Prior  to  the  war  and  notwithstanding  the  groat  advantag(>s  of 
machine  production,  there  were  ])ractically  no  sal(>.s  of  machine  glass 
m  foreign  countries,  the  price  understandings  limitinp;  the  trade  to 
our  domestic  market,  and  all  the  factories  rejnaining  idle  for  half  of 
each  year.  A  wider  and  a  larger  market  ap])ears  obtahiable  through 
greater  machhic  production  and  better  selling  faciliti(>s. 

J  Summary  of  Tariff  Information,  Comniiltccou  Ways  ami  Means  ( litL'O). 


78  TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Historii  of  the  industn/} — 'While  tlie  American  people  have  not  as 
yet  secured  the  expected  results  of  maclibie  production,  the  revolution 
in  the  production  of  window  glass  began  when  the  cyliiider-blowmg 
machine  produced  glass  commercially  in  1905.  The  unrest  then 
created  culminated  some  years  later  in  a  bitter  war  of  prices  between 
the  producers  of  handmade  and  machme-made  glass. 

It  was  feared  that  if  the  machmes  were  a  commercial  success  it 
would  not  be  possible  to  produce  handmade  glass  on  a  profitable 
basis.  The  entire  industry  became  demoralized.  Hand  glass  manu- 
facturers sold  the  product  for  any  price  they  could  obtain.  The 
skilled  hand  workers  agreed  to  a  sliding  scale  based  on  selling  prices, 
and  during  the  years  1912  to  1913  the  average  wage  of  single  strength 
blowers  went  down  from  45  cents  per  50-foot  box  to  15  cents  per  50- 
foot  box,  or  from  upward  of  S6  per  day  down  to  SI 5  per  week,  or  less 
than  Belgian  wages.  The  price  war  ended  m  a  compromise,  the 
machine  company,  after  serious  losses,  reachmg  the  conclusion,  as 
stated  by  its  general  manager,  that  "from  a  business  standpoint  Ave 
thought  it  was  much  more  profitable  for  us  to  be  satisfied  with  a 
reasonable  share  of  the  country's  business  rather  than  to  drive  out 
operatives  from  an  industry  that  had  existed  as  long  as  this  one  had 
existed." 

In  1914  a  little  over  8,000,000  boxes  of  window  glass  of  50  square 
feet  each  were  manufactured  in  the  United  States  and  in  1916-17 
about  9,000,000  boxes.  About  60  per  cent  of  this  product  was  blown 
by  machme  and  40  per  cent  by  the  hand  method.  In  Belgium  window 
glass  blown  by  hand  is  the  rule.  A  machme  blower  in  the  most 
efficient  American  factories  can  blow  five  cylinders  of  window  glass 
simultaneously,  each  nearly  39  feet  long  and  22  mches  m  diameter, 
in  less  time  than  an  American  or  Belgian  hand  blower  can  blow  a 
cylinder  5  feet  long  and  15  mches  m  diameter.  The  American  ma- 
chine blower  is  paid  about  $40  a  week  (1917),  while  American  hand 
blowers  average  about  $50  a  week  (1917).  The  Belgian  hand  blov.-er 
does  not  receive  half  the  wages  of  the  American  machuie  blower. 
The  great  advantage  m  the  cost  of  production  of  American  machine 
blowmg  over  that  of  American  hand  blowhig  is  apparent.  The  ma- 
chine factories  could  drive  hand  blowing  factories  out  of  the  business 
and  they  could  readily  produce  all  the  window  glass  needed.  Fear 
of  a  price  war  prevents  the  machme  factories  from  operating  to  their 
full  capacity.  This  was  explained  by  the  prmcipal  machine  company 
in  1916  in  its  annual  report  (see  p.  47,  Glass  Report  of  Tariff  Com- 
mission) : 

That  so  Ions:  as  the  company  was  securing  what  we  considered  a  satisfactory  portion 
of  the  going  business  it  would  be  far  more  profitable  to  curtail  its  operations  to  the 
extent  we  did  rather  than  attempt  to  operate  to  capacity  and  possibly  precipitate  a 
price  war  in  the  midst  of  the  greatest  export  business  we  have  ever  had. 

The  effectiveness  of  machme  production  in  the  domestic  and 
foreign  market  is  practically  nullified  l)y  the  policy  of  restrictmg 
output  to  suit  the  requirements  of  hand  production.  Machine  pro- 
duction is  marketed  under  conditions  that  encourage  the  continuation 
of  antiquated  methods.  Profits  of  machine  production  are  based 
on  the  costs  of  production  of  handmade  glass,  selling  prices  being 
practically  the  same. 

1  Tariff  Information  Series  No.  5:  The  glass  industry  as  affecterl  by  the  war. 


TARIFF  II^FORMATION   SURVEYS.  79 

Domc-9tic  production  and  consumption. — The  quantity  of  window 
glass  produced  in  the  census  3'ear  1914  was  400,998,803  square 
feet,  valued  at  $17,495,956.  The  imports  for  consumption  the  same 
year  were  valued  at  $1,212,536  (in  the  vears  1910,  1911,  1912,  and 
1913  they  ranged  from  a  little  over  §700,000  to  $828,000).  The 
domestic  exports  in  1914  were  valued  at  $311,339,  so  that  the  con- 
sumption amounted  to  $18,397,153.  Six  months  of  domestic  pro- 
duction can  readily  supply  domestic  consumption  each  year. 

Domestic  exports. — -The  exports  of  window  glass,  which  in  1911 
amounted  only  to  $121,339  and  to  $311,339  in  1914,  has  had  a  notable 
increase  since  the  latter  year,  due  to  the  cessation  of  production  in 
Belgium  and  northern  France  and  the  shutting  off  of  German  and 
Austrian  supplies  In  1915  the  value  of  the  exports  was  $1,443,113; 
in  1916,  $3,123,916:  in  1917,  $3,483,596,  and  in  1918,  $3,401,120. 
The  increases  have  been  notable  to  Canada,  to  Asiatic  countries,  to 
Argentina  and  other  South  American  countries,  to  Cuba,  to  Aus- 
tralia, and  to  South  Africa.  American  machine  production  is 
probably  able  to  hold  this  newly  developed  export  trade. 

FOREIGN   PRODUCTION. 

The  figures  of  foreign  production  are  not  obtainable.  Conditions 
relating  to  production  in  Belgium,  our  principal  competitor,  are 
shown  in  the  following  official  report  of  Consul  Charles  Roy  Nasmith, 
Brussels,  March  13,  1919: 

The  following  information  has  been  given  the  writer  by  a  Belgian  exporter  of  glass, 
who  has  Vjeen  a  manufacturer  and  who  thoroughly  understands  the  industry; 

Window-glass  industry. — All  the  Belgian  window-glass  factories  are  intact  and  can 
produce  at  very  short  notice.  The  raw  material  is  in  hand  and  labor  also.  In  1914, 
before  the  war,  only  50  per  cent  of  the  factories  could  manufacture  during  several 
months,  or  the  production  would  be  too  great. 

Now,  during  nearly  five  years,  the  young  workmen  have  not  been  taught  and  it 
will  take  a  certain  time  to  train  new  men  and  replace  this  percentage  of  labor.  On 
the  other  hand,  very  few  of  the  laborers  in  glass  factories  were  soldiers,  and  the  loss 
of  labor  through  this  cause  is  reduced  to  the  minimum. 

The  window-glass  factories  are  not  yet  running,  for  the  simple  reason  that  the  manu- 
facturers are  not  yet  willing  to  accept  the  terms  imposed  by  the  trade-unions  of  the 
glassworkers.  An  agreement  has  been  brought  about  between  the  manufacturers 
and  the  laborers  as  to  the  amount  of  the  salary.  The  prices  paid  in  1914  are  to  be 
applied  with  100  per  cent  increase  for  all  the  different  categories  of  work. 

The  only  question  to  settle  now  is  that  of  the  labor  contract.  The  glass  blower  has 
always  been  obliged  to  blow  2  inches  more  in  length  and  2  inches  more  in  width  than 
the  size  for  which  he  was  paid.  The  glass  blowers  wish  this  to  be  done  away  with 
and  wish  to  be  paid  for  the  exact  dimensions  blown  l^y  them.  The  manufacturers 
are  not  willing  to  agree  to  this,  l)ut  may  finally  be  obliged  to  accept  these  conditions 
of  the  glass  blowers. 

In  1914  there  were  30  furnaces  with  basins,  of  which  one  was  worked  by  machine 
by  the  system  Fourcault.  Twenty-five  of  these  thirty  were  active.  At  the  present 
time  there  is  in  operation  one  furnace  in  the  "Piges"  factory,  witli  human  labor, 
and  the  furnace  with  the  machine  system  Fourcault.  The  actual  production  is 
20,000  boxes  of  100  square  feet  per  month. 

The  glass  factory  "Piges"  is  running  with  the  assistance  of  workmen  who  do  not 
belong  to  the  union. 

Increased  prices  of  fjlass — French  demand. — The  prices  of  the  glass  are  at  present 
six  and  a  half  times  higher  than  they  were  in  1914.  A  box  of  glass,  stock  size,  first 
choice,  containing  300  square  feet,  sells  for  2(50  francs  ($50.18),  loaded  on  the  car  at 
the  factory.     This  glass  is  handmade. 

The  machine-made  glass,  which  is  mostly  of  second  quality  and  for  roofs,  is  sold 
for  240  francs  (I4G.32)  per  l)ox,  free  sizes  4e"21  ounces,  200  square  feet,  loaded  on  car 
at  the  factory. 


80  TAKIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

P Belgium  has  a  great  need  of  window  glass.  The  French  Government  made  a  pro- 
posal to  the  glass  manufacturers  for  40,000,000  scjuare  meters,  on  the  basis  of  225  francs 
($43.43)  per  box  of  300  square  feet,  and  as  soon  as  the  factories  start  up  again  the  manu- 
facturers will  take  a  part  of  this  order. 

Under  date  of  March  19,  1919,  Consul  Nasmith  makes  the  follow- 
ing ofhcial  announcement: 

The  principal  Belgian  window-glass  factories  have  just  formed  a  cooperative  asso- 
ciation having  its  central  office  at  Charleroi,  Belgium.     They  number  13. 

The  object  of  this  cooperative  association  of  Belgian  window-glass  manufacturers 
is  to  further  in  every  way  the  purchase  of  all  materials,  machinery,  articles  for  con- 
sumption and  production,  which  may  be  necessary  for  the  repairing  or  the  reestab- 
lishment  of  the  material,  as  well  as  the  setting  in  operation  again  and  running  the 
different  plants  and  the  manufacture  of  the  glass. 

This  organization  will  also  have  to  do  with  the  purchase  of  the  raw  material  needed 
for  the  operation  of  the  factories  and  eventually  it  will  control  the  buying  and  selling 
of  the  window  glass  and  all  that  pertains  to  this  industry.  It  will  also  determine 
the  time  of  the  operation  again  of  all  the  furnaces  and,  if  necessary,  determine  the 
order  of  this  operation — that  is,  which  futnaces  will  operate  first — in  case  they  all 
can  not  begin  to  operate  simultaneously  in  all  the  different  factories. 

The  minimum  amount  of  capital  of  this  new  association  for  expenses  has  been  fixeci 
at  224,750  francs  ($43,377),  and  this  has  been  divided  into  8,990  shares  of  25  francs 
each — which  have  all  been  subscribed  to  and  a  first  payment  of  10  per  cent  has  been 
made. 

The  annual  meeting  will  be  held  on  the  first  Monday  of  May  every  year.  The 
principal  Belgian  wdndow  glass  manufacturers  belong  to  this  organization  and  have 
been  named  on  the  board  of  directors. 

IMPORTS. 

The  imports  of  all  sizes  of  window  glass,  which  were  a  little  over 
34,000,000  pounds  in  1906,  fell  to  22,500,000  in  1909,  23,500,000  in 
1912;  20,500,000  in  1913,  increased  to  31,000,000  pounds  in  1914, 
but  were  almost  negligible  in  1916-1918,  in  the  last  vcar  being  valued 
at  $84,018. 

From  1906  to  1914,  inclusive,  the  small  sizes  of  glass  imported  were 
80  per  cent  of  the  total.  Eighty-five  per  cent  of  our  total  imports 
have  been  from  Belgium,  England  supplying  from  10  to  12  per  cent. 
Being  mainly  of  the  small  sizes,  the  imported  glass  becomes  a  sharp 
competitor  with  the  large  c|uantity  of  the  small  size  glass  unavoidably 
made  in  the  United  States  in  the  run  of  factory  production. 

PRICES. 

Window  glass  is  sold  on  the  basis  of  a  price  list,  which  is  fixed  from 
time  to  time  and  is  always  subject  to  very  large  trade  discounts. 
The  trend  of  net  prices  from  19i2  to  1916,  computed  with  the  dis- 
counts allowed  and  deducted  on  the  basis  of  the  price  list  of  October 
15,  1912,  is  shown  in  the  following  net  prices  per  box  for  one  of  the 
brackets  of  the  small  sizes,  10  by  16  to  16  by  24  in  single  strength,  and 
one  of  the  largest  sizes  40  by  76  to  40  by  80  in  double  strength,  both 
of  A  quality.  The  net  price  of  the  first  named,  small  size,  was  $1.74 
in  March,  1912;  $1.58  in  January,  1914;  $1.80  in  November,  1915; 
$2.03  in  January  1916,  and  $2.48  in  March  1916,  an  increase  from 
1912  to  1916  of  42.5  per  cent.  For  the  last  named,  large  size,  double 
strength,  the  net  price  per  box  was  $15.68  in  March,  1912;  $15.20 
in  January,  1914;  $17.10  in  November,  1915;  $19  in  January,  1916; 
and  $20.90  in  March,  1916,  an  increase  from  1912  to  1916  of  33  per 
cent.     It  may  be  noted  that  there  was  a  downward  trend  from  1912 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  81 

to    1914,    and    that    advances   occurrod    when    European   countries 
ceased  production. 

The  net  selling  prices  of  average  size  and  ciuality  of  all  single 
strength  window  glass  per  box  of  ."0  feet,  sold  during  the  five  years 
from  1913  to  1917,  inclusive,  were  as  follows:  VMS,  $1,715;  1914, 
SI. 722;  191.-,  $1,732;  1916,  $1.92;  and  1917,  S2.S0S,  an  increase 
from  1913  to  1917  of  G4  per  cent. 

VIEWS    AXD    OPINIONS    OF   MANUFACTURERS. 

x\n  American  machine  made  window  glass  manufacturer  stated 
(1918)  that  as  the  Belgian  factories  pay  for  labor  a  much  smaller 
percentage  per  box  of  the  small  sizes  than  the  workers  are  paid  in 
this  country  they  can  sell  it  cheaper.  That  fact  invariably  brought 
about  competition  in  the  small  glass,  and  the  Belgian  product  was 
competing  most  strenuously  for  that  portion  of  the  trade  that 
required  a  large  percentage  of  the  small  sizes.  Mill  owners  and  mine 
owners  that  build  factories  and  company  houses  for  workmen  are 
large  users  of  small  sizes,  but  workmen  building  their  own  homes 
use  larger  sizes,  or  two-light  sash,  and  the  latter,  therefore,  are  not 
benefited  by  the  reduction  in  the  tarill"  act  of  li)13  of  the  rates  of 
duty  on  the  small  sizes. 

An  executive  officer  of  the  hand  window  glass  manufacturers 
stated  (1918)  that  both  Belgium  and  English  factories  seek  an  outlet 
for  the  small  sizes  and  the  United  States  has  furnished  them  a  market 
for  it,  and  we  ourselves  are  making  to-day  in  the  first  three  brackets 
above  45  per  cent  of  the  entire  production  of  the  hand  factories 
partly  because  of  poor  production  and  partly  to  fill  orders.  Part 
of  this  45  per  cent  of  small  size  glass  is  due  to  flaws  in  the  making 
and  part  is  owing  to  the  demand  for  small  sizes  for  building  purposes, 
which  re({uires  the  cutting  of  what  would  otherwise  be  large  sizes, 

POLISHED  CROWN,  CYLINDER  AND  COMMON  WINDOW  GLASS. 

Tariff  act  of  1913,  paragraph  86:  "Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  pol- 
ished, not  exceeding  384  srpiare  mches,  3  cents  per  square  foot;  above 
that,  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches,  4  cents  per  square  foot; 
above  that,  and  not  exceeding  1,440  square  inches,  7  cents  per  square 
foot;  above  that,  10  cents  per  square  foot." 

DESCRIPTION    AND   USES. 

Polished  cylinder  and  window  glass  is  a  minor  product  as  comjiared 
to  plain  window  glass  and  polished  plate.  There  is  a  slight  bow  in 
window  glass  no  matter  how  carefully  the  sheet  is  flattened  and  this 
causes  a  large  amount  of  breakage  during  the  polishing  o|)eration, 
unless  most  of  the  grinding  is  done  by  hand.  Ko  cylirider  glass  is 
pohshed  in  domestic  plants,  but  domestic  machine  window  glass 
manufacturers  are  now  producing  thin  glass  of  a  grade  satisfactory 
to  most  of  the  consumers  who  formerly  used  the  polished  product. 

47578— 21— B-9 6 


82 


TARIFF  INFORMATION  SURVEYS. 


IMPORTS. 

The  imports  of  polished  cylinder  glass  decreased  from  SI 56,000  ii\ 
value  in  1910  to  $119,000  in  1913.  Imports  increased  to  $121,814 
during  1914,  but  decreased  rapidly  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war, 
and  were  negligible  after  1916.  Large  quantities  of  polished  cylinder 
glass  further  advanced  than  the  polishing  operation  were  imported 
from  Europe  during  the  years  immediately  preceding  the  war.  The 
annual  importations  of  this  material  ranged  from  $98,000  in  1910  to 
$43,709  in  1912.     The  quantity  has  been  negligible  since  1916. 

Summary  of  imports  for  consumption  of  polished  cylinder  glass. 


Polished  by  sizes  (square  inches). 

Total. 

$136,137 
20,371 
140,301 
123,356 
119,395 

}  121,814 

36,783 
19,893 

Polished 
and 

384 

720 
384 

1,440 
720 

further 
ad- 

1,440 

Fiscal  vear: 

1910 1 

358,698 

S77,129 

$310 
11,203 
16,725 
15,611 
17,427 
2,111 
22,012 
6,079 
3,133 

$98  557 

1910  2 

S9,16S 

435 

923 

1,448 

163 

1911 

55, 609 
47,467 
45,933 

6,404 
33,518 
14,559 

8,001 

67,532 
59,355 
54,587 

9,673 
47,941 
15,989 

8,759 

87  813 

1912 

43  709 

1913 

60,269 

1914  2 

1914  3 

155 
156 

89, 555 

1915 

55  908 

1916 

8^345 
67 

1917 

1918 

307 

307 

29 

Calendar  year: 

1918 

15 

1919 

206 

206 

1  Under  act  of  1897. 


>  Under  act  of  1909. 


3  Under  act  of  1913. 


PRICES. 

The  commission  has  been  unable  to  secure  quotations  on  polished 
cylinder  glass;  in  fact,  the  local  retailers  are  not  familiar  with  the 
product. 

TARIFF   HISTORY. 

The  following  table  is  a  digest  of  the  tariff  classification  of  polished 
cylinder  and  common  window  glass  since  1883: 


Polished  window  glass  by  sizes  (duty  per  square  foot). 

Not  exceeding 

10x15 

16x24 
10x15 

24x30 
16x24 

24x60 
24x30 

More  than 

24x60 

Tariff  act— 

1883 

SO.  02J 

$0  04 

$0.06 
.06 
.04 
.06 

SO.  20 
.20 
.15 
.15 

$0  40 

1 890 

.04 

.40 

1894 

.02.V 
.04 

.20 

1897 

.20 

Polished  window  glass  by  sizes  (duty  per 
square  inch). 

384 

720 
384 

1,440 
720 

More  than 

1,440 

Tariff  act— 

1909 

$0.04 
.03 

$0.06 
.04 

$0.12 
.07 

$0.15 

1913 

.10 

TAKIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


83 


COMPETITIVE    CONDITIONS. 

Thin,  unpolished  cylinder  glass  is  a  much  cheaper  product  than  any 
glass  which  has  been  polished,  and  now  that  domestic  manufacturers 
are  producing  high  grade  thin  unpolished  glass  domestic  consumers 
will  use  this  in  many  places  where  polished  glass  was  used  before 
the  war. 

TABLES. 

Window  glass,  cylinder,  crown,  and  common,  unpolished — Production  in  United  States.^ 

[From  Federal  Census.] 


Year. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

50-foot 
boxes. 

Average 
value. 

1899 

Square  fed. 
217,064,100 
242,61.5,750 
346, 080,  .050 
400,998,893 

810,879,355 
11,610,851 
11,742,959 
17,495,956 

Number. 
4,341,282 
4,8,52,315 
6,921,611 
8,019,978 

82. 51 

1904 

2.39 

1909 

1  70 

1914 

2.18 

i  Production  in  foreign  countries  not  obtainable. 
Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  unsilvered — Imports  by  countries  {fiscal  year). 


Imported  from— 

1910 » 

Square 
feet. 

Value. 

89, 769 

11,881 

1,149,162 

6,337 

80 

$15, 104 

3,219 

259, 464 

1,801 

16 

Total 

1,257,229 

279,604 

1  Included  in  all  other  glass  and  glassware  after  1910. 
Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  ivindow  glass,  unpolished — Im,ports  by  countries  (fi.scal  year). 


1910 

1911 

1912 

Imported  fiom — 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Potmds. 

Value. 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Belgium 

23,949,227 

2,188,917 

565,037 

301,495 

$&33,5.57 
93,208 
71,817 
12^333 

26,  .574, 343 

3,831,690 

791,563 

52,3.32 

$688,849 

162,011 

95,0.37 

3,062 

20,  .54  7, 158 

3,4.37,722 

777,586 

46,220 

$686,4.55 

England      

1.56,772 

102,593 

Another 

4,303 

ToUil 

27,004,676 

810,915 

31,249,928 

948,959 

24,808,686 

950, 123 

1913 

l'.»M 

1915 

Imported  from— 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Pounds. 

Value. 

19,786,225 
1,968,9.38 

882,  .S64 
90, 856 

$742, 162 

110,  ,342 

118,219 

6,488 

27,574,477 

3,5.86,140 

977, 726 

176,416 

$1,050,432 

188,731 

108,290 

10, 765 

12,074,320 

4,378,232 

341,. 5.34 

104,380 

$346,5.36 

England                     

311,360 

Germany           

54, 467 

Another 

10, 121 

Totul                        

22,734,883 

977,211 

32,314.7.59 

1,356,218 

16,898,406 

722,4,'i3 

84 


TARIFF   IXFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished— Imports  by  countries  (fiscal 

year) — Continued. 


Inipoi'ted  from — 

1916 

1917 

1918 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Belgium 

404, 005 

1,097,950 

57, 768 

216, 400 

S26, 987 
133,890. 
10, 655 
26,017 

1,734,542 

1,043,647 

881 

207,821 

S162, 748 

140,233 

312 

24,807 

302,253 
343, 455 

$29,219 

England 

63, 858 

G  erinany       

AUothei- 

40,050 

8,765 

Total 

1,776,123 

197, 549 

2,986,891 

328, 100 

691,758 

101,842 

Cylinder,  croivn,  and  commx)n  window  glass— Unpolished — -Imports  by  countries  (calendar 

year) . 


Imported  from— 

1918 

1919 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Pounds. 

Value. 

Austria-Hungary 

10 

287, 089 

7,013 

128,968 

32,881 

1 

350, 446 

1,284 

226,300 

$2 

Belgium 

France 

Germany          .            . .        .          

20, 326 
111 

si, 032 
138 

37,479 
2,014 
17,776 

Netherlands 

81,239 

2,362 

3,877 

7 

England 

Canada 

Japan 

264,548 
13,022 
54, 530 

45, 442 
1,374 
3,724 

62,824 

248 

13,674 

Total 

433, 776 

54,072 

1,033,992 

137,901 

Suminary  of  imports  for  consumptio7i,  unpolished  cylinder  glass. 

VALUES. 


By  sizes  (sq 

uare  inches). 

More  than 

150 
384 

384 
720 

720 

1,200 

1       ' 

1,200 
2,400 

2,400 

Total. 

Not  exceeding 

150 

Fiscal  year: 
1910. . 

$416, 891 
422,363 
548,925 
551,702 
719,343 
327, 204 

94, 922 
237, 123 

55,557 

14,803 

50,708 

319,395 

S179,807 
213,350 
150, 755 
145, 943 
268,244 
164,022 
36, 171 
31.200 
24,010 

15,936 
10,870 
101,795 

$75, 199 

128,624 

76,294 

65, 198 

132,533 

96,536 

6,106 

5,851 

3,741 

2,074 

7,314 

48, 158 

j 

$30,144 
48,128 
38, 573 
33,631 
70, 162 
63,242 
2,080 
2,504 
710 

821 
3,496 
27, 442 

$9,371 

12,795 

13,214 

8,245 

20,821 

27,845 

956 

544 

$329 
121 
107 
12 
1,433 
377 
27 

$711,741 

1911 

825,381 

1912 

827,868 

1913 

804,731 

19U 

1,212,536 

1915 

679, 226 

1916 

140, 262 

1917 

277,222 

1918. ..   . 

84,018 

Calendar  year: 

1918 

33,634 

1919 

1,159 
15,768 

89 
1,021 

73,636 

1920 

513,579 

TARIFF   IXFORMATIOISr    SURVEYS. 


85 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  uindou;  glass,  unpolished,  not  exceeding  10  by  15  inches- 
Imports  for  consum  p lion — Revenu e . 


Fiscal  j-ear. 


1907.. 
1908.. 
19081. 


1909.. 
1910  2. 


Rate  of  dutv. 


Quantity. 


1§  cents  per  pound. 

do 

Ig  cents  per  pound 
less  20  per  cent . . 
1|  cents  per  pound. '14, 400,  477. 25 
do ;        87,030.00 


PouTids. 

16, 142, 73.5.  25 

14,390,395.00 


525. 00 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


$540,282.09   $221,902.75 
452, 689. 00     197,  867. 98 


105. 00 

447,510.50 

1,  447. 00 


5.78 

198,006.47 

1,196.66 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


$0,033 
.032 

.20 
.031 
.017 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
41.08 
43.70 

5  50 
44.25 
82.70 


Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 


2  July  1  to  Aug.  5, 1909,  under  act  of  1897. 


Cylinder,  a-otcn,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  not  exceeding  150  square 
inches,  valued  at  not  more  than  1^  cents  per  poxind — Imports  for  consuvtption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

-Vctiinland 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910> 

15  cents  per  pound. 
do.  .. . 

Pounds. 

1,826,869.00 

1,941,648.00 

497,  794. 00 

386,838.00 

60, 514.  00 

$24,814.00 

26, 523. 00 

6,746.00 

5,  250. 00 

815  00 

822,835  89 

24, 270. 63 

6,222.42 

4,835.49 

756.  41 

$0  014 

Per  cent. 
Q9  na 

1911 

.014               91  51 

1912 

....  do 

.014                92.24 

1913. 

.     do. . 

014                92  10 

1914  2 

.    do... 

.  013                09  81 

Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909. 


2  July  1-Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


Cylinder,   crown,   and  common  windoiv  glass,   unpolished,   not  exceeding  150  square 
inches,  valued  at  more  than  1^  cents  per  pound — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19101 

1§  cents  per  pound. 
.    do. . . . 

Pounds. 
13,372,893.46 

S390, 630.  00 
39.5,840.33 
542,178.70 
546, 452. 00 
159, 170. 00 
559,3.58.00 
327,201.00 
94, 922. 00 
237, 123. 00 
55, 557. 00 
14,803.00 
50, 708. 00 

$183,877.14 

184,531.99 

206,690.09 

18.5,802.15 

45, 144. 51 

116,1.5.5.12 

51,207.68 

7, 537. 01 

19,041.05 

3,060.48 

1,309.15 

3,538.88 

$0,029 
.029 
.036 
.04 
.048 
.042 
.056 
.110 
.109 
.  1,59 
.099 
.125 

Per  cent. 
47.07 

1911. 

13,420,.-)04.50 

1.5,032,002.45 

13,512,880.36 

3, 283, 239.  00 

13,274,809.75 

5,8.52,306.00 

861,374.00 

2, 176, 120.  00 

349, 767. 00 

149,61.5.00 

404,443.00 

46. 62 

1S12... 

.  .    do 

38.12 

1913. 

.  ..  do 

34.00 

1914  2. .. 

.    do 

28.45 

1914  3 

I  cent  per  pound.. 
.    do 

20.77 

1915. 

15. 65 

1916. 

.    do... 

7.94 

1917. 

.    do 

8.03 

1918  .   . 

.  ..  do 

5. 51 

J918< 

1919< 

do 

do 

8.84 
6.98 

1  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

2  July  1, 1913,  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


3  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
<  Calendar  year. 


Cylinder,  cKOwn,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  above  10  by  15  inches  and  not 
exceeding  16  by  24  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

nd  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

IJ  cents  per  pound. 

do 

do 

Pounds. 
9,728,174.00 
6,609,243.00 
5, 163, 189. 00 

304,727.00 

$2.54,804.32 

178,168.00 

141,410.75 

6,248.00 

$182,403.27 

123,923.38 

96,809.88 

5,713.64 

80. 026 
.027 
.027 
.021 

Per  cent. 
71.69 

1908 

1909    

69.  54 
08.  46 

1910' 

do 

91.45 

>  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 


86 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Cylinder,  croicn,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  above  1.50  and  not  exceeding  384 
square  inches,  valued  at  not  more  than  2|  cents  per  pound — Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year.' 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19101 

IJ  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
1,021.550.00 
1,716,6.55.00 

156, 781. 00 
19,474.00 

$16,764.00 

27,350.00 

2,851.00 

317. 00 

$17,877.05 

30,041.47 

2,743.63 

340. 80 

80. 016 
.016 
.018 
.016 

Per  cent. 
106. 64 

1911 

109. 84 

1912 

do 

%.23 

1913 

do 

107. 51 

1  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  xvindow  glass,  unpolished,  above  150  and  not  exceeding  384 
square  inches,  valued  at  more  than  If  cents  per  pound — Inports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

qZlity.    -d-'°"" 

19101 

li  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 

5,786,721.50 

6,848,820.80 

4, 664, 755. 00 

4,211,520.41 

820, 293. 00 

7, 513, 974. 75 

4,407,494.00 

427,067.00 

316, 800. 00 

189, 367. 00 

140,926.00 

112,811.00 

S156, 795. 40 

sios  ."ino.ss 

$0,027 
.027 

Per  cent. 
69.20 

1911 

185  999.50  '  128  415.48 

69.04 

1912 

1913 

19142 

1914' 

1915 

1916 

1917 

do 

147,904.49-1     87  464.24 

.039 

59.14 

do 

145,626.00  1     78,966.06  I              .035 
29,771.00       15,380.49  ;              .036 
238, 473. 00  !     75, 139.  75  1              . 0.32 
164,022.00  i     44,074.94  j              .037 
36,171.00  1      4,270.67  1              .085 
31,200.00  :      3,168.00  ,              .098 
24,010.00  i       1,893.67  1              .127 
15,9.36.00         1,409.26]              .113 
10  870.00         1   12S.  11   1              .096 

54.23 

do 

61.66 

1  cent  per  pound . . 
do 

31.51 
26.87 

do 

11.81 

do 

10.15 

1918 

do 

7.89 

1918< 

do 

8.84 

1919  < 

do        

10.38 

»  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 
'  July  1,  1913,  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


3  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
*  Calendar  year. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  xinpolished,  above  16  by  24  inches  and  not 
exceeding  24  by  30  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

2|  cents  per  poimd. 

do 

.  .  .do 

Pounds. 

3,476,572.00 

2,391,751.50 

2, 230, 723. 00 

62, 156. 00 

$111,100.10 

77,381.00 

66,140.75 

1,627.00 

$82,568.59 

56,801.17 

52,979.51 

1,176.20 

SO.  032 
.032 
.030 
.026 

Per  cent. 
74.32 

1908 

1909 

73.40 
80.10 

1910' 

do 

90.73 

1  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  tvindow  glass,  unpolished,  above  384  and  not  exceeding  720 
square  inches,  valued  at  not  more  than  2^  cents  per  pound— Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910' 

2\  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
182,289.00 
903, 103.  00 
29, 062.  00 
3,214.00 

$3,441.00 

17,426.00 

555. 00 

67. 00 

$4,101.51 

20.319.81 

6.53.  90 

72.  32 

$0,019 
.019 
.019 
.021 

Per  cent. 
119.19 

1911 

116.60 

1912 

...    do 

117.82 

1913 

do 

107.  ?4 

Aug.  0,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1G09. 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


87 


Cylinder,  croun,  and  common  uindoxv  glass,  unpolished,  above  S84  and  not  exceeding  720 
square  inches,  valued  at  more  than  f-J  cents  per  pound — Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910' 

2f  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 

2,114,764.00 
3  226  000  00 

$70, 130.  60 

111,198.41 

75, 739.  00 

65,131.00 

11,122.00 

121,411.00 

96,  .536. 00 

6, 106. 00 

5,851.00 

3,741.00 

2,071.00 

7,311.00 

$50,225.68 

76, 617.  ,50 

49, 135.  54 

38,203.09 

5,624.36 

39, 718.  93 

38, 077.  .57 

93.5. 31 

840.  SO 

327.87 

90.10 

1,027.53 

$0. 033 
.034 
.0.37 
.0)0 
.047 
.034 
.029 
.073 
.078 
.128 
.  259 
.080 

Per  cent. 
71.61 
68.90 
64.  87 
58.66 
50.57 
32.71 
39.44 
15. 32 
14.37 
8.76 

1911 

1912 

do 

2,068,863.00 

1,608,548.84 

2.36,815.00 

3..530,.57I.50 

.3,3^4,673.00 

83,138.00 

74,737.00 

29,140.00 

S,  OOS.  00 

91,. 336. 00 

1913 

.  .    do     . 

1914? 

1914' 

do 

IJ  cents  per  pound. 

do 

do 

1915 

1916 

1917 

do 

191S 

do 

191S« 

do 

1919* 

do 

14.05 

'  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 
'  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


?  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  imder  act  of  1913. 
*  Calendar  year. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  vnndoxo  glass,  unpolished,  above  24  by  SO  inches  and  not 
exceeding  24  by  36  inches— Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

2|  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 
9.38,078 
412,663 
4,36,985 
39,080 

$34,273.37 

14,622.00 

14,3(X).00 

996.00 

$26,969.76 
11,864.14 
12,563.43 
1,123.73 

$0,037 
.031 
.0.33 
.  025 

Per  cent. 
78  69 

1908 

81  13 

1909 

do        

89  25 

19101 

dn        

112  82 

»  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished — Imports  for  consumption — 

Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


"""^y-         unit  of 


collected. 


quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1910  I. 
1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  2. 


1914  5. 
1915.. 
1916.. 
1917.. 
1918.. 

1918  1. 

1919  <. 


Above  720  and  not 
exceeding  86^ 
square  inches. 

2J  cents  per  pound. 

do 

do 

do 

do 


Above  720  and  not 
exceeding  1,^00 
square  inches. 

li  cents  per  pound. 
do 

.do. 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


Pounds. 
336,563.50 
7.59,5.30.27 
375,865.00 
289,684.00 
37,928.00 


1,859,718.50 
2,170,772.00 
22,491.00 
20,400.00 
4,360.00 
3,912.00 
17,038.00 


$13,011.00 
24,899.62 
17,9.59.00 
15,837.00 
2,254.00 


65,1.33.00 

03, 242.  (K) 

2,080.00 

2,50-1.00 

710.00 

821 . 00 

3, 4%.  00 


$9,255.48 
20,887.21 
10,336.29 
7,906.34 
1,043.03 


27,895.79 
32,561.58 
337. 37 
306.02 
65. 40 
.58.68 
264.57 


$0. 039 
.  033 
.048 
.055 
.059 


.035 
.029 
.092 
.123 
.163 
.210 
.198 


Per  cent. 
71.13 
83.89 
57.  .55 
50.30 
46.27 


42.83 
51.49 
16.22 
12.22 
9.21 
7.15 
7.57 


1  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1010,  under  act  of  1909. 
*  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


a  Oct .  4.  1913,  to  Juuc  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
*  Calendar  years. 


88 


TARIFF   liSTFORMATIOlSr   SURVEYS. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  cominon  vindow  glass,  unpolished,  above  24  by  36  inches  and  not 
exceeding  30  by  40  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Valr.e. 

Tiuty 
collected. 

Value  per 

imit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

3|  cents  per  pound. 
. .    do         

Pounds. 
682,177.50 
332,503.00 
404, 105. 00 
15,114.00 

S26,346.45 

13,238.00 

17,179.00 

703. 00 

$23, 023.  .51 

11,222.05 

13,638.58 

510. 09 

SO.  039 
.04 
.  043 
.047 

Per  cent. 
87.39 

1908  

84  77 

1909 

do 

79  39 

19101 

do 

72.56 

1  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1S97. 

Cylinder,  croivn,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  above  864  and  not  exceeding 
1,200  square  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19101 

3icentsperpound. 
do 

Pounds. 
341,824.00 
598,738.00 
368,924.00 
285,141.00 
40,932.00 

$15,434.00 

23, 22S.  62 

20,614.00 

17,794.00 

2,775.00 

$11,109.32 

19,4.59.02 

11,990.05 

9,267.12 

1,330.29 

$0. 045 
.039 
.  056 
.062 
.068 

Per  cent. 
71.98 

1911 

&3.77 

1912  

do 

58  10 

1913 

do 

52  0!* 

1914  2 

do 

47.94 

1  .^ug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 


2  July  1,  1913,  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  vnndow  glass,  unpolished,  above  30  by  40  inches  and  not 
exceeding  40  by  60  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duties 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  ol 
quantity. 

Actual 
and  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

1907 

3i  cents  per  pound. 
do 

Pounds. 

216,735 

135,423 

115, 597 

14,889 

$11,698.00 

7,154.00 

6,036.00 

785. 00 

$8,398.50 

5,247.68 

4,479.47 

576.  96 

$0. 054 
.053 
.0,52 
.053 

Per  cent. 
71.79 

1908 

73.36 

1909. 

-do... 

74.21 

19101 

do 

73.50 

1  July  1  to  Aug.  5, 1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  tuindow  glass,  unpolished,  above  1,200  and  not  exceeding 
2,400  square  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duties 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 

quantity. 

Actus  1 
and  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

19101 

3i  cents  per  pound, 
.do... 

Pounds. 

179,600.50 

280,690.00 

230,791.00 

141,319.00 

12,103.00 

506,335.00 

710,911.00 

7,002.00 

6,922.00 

8,808.00 

$8,  .586. 00 

12, 795. 00 

13,214.00 

8,245.00 

936.00 

19,885.00 

27, 845. 00 

956. 00 

544.00 

1, 159. 00 

$6,7.35.04 

10, 525. 88 

8,654.72 

5,299.53 

453. 86 

9,493.79 

13,329.60 

131.29 

129. 80 

165. 15 

.50.048 
.046 
.057 
.058 
.077 
.039 
.039 
.137 
.079 
.132 

Per  cent. 
78.44 

1911 

82.26 

1912 

.  .  -do... 

65.60 

1913 

do 

64.27 

19142 

-do... 

48.49 

1914  3 

1|  cents  per  pound, 
do  .. 

47.74 

1915.   .. 

47.88 

1916 

do... 

13.73 

1917 

do 

23.86 

1919  4 

.    .do.  . 

14.25 

1  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

2  Julv  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

3  O'^t.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
*  Calendar  year. 


TARIFF   IIJ^FORMATION   SURVEYS. 


89 


Cylinder,  croim,  and  common  v:indoiv  glass,  unpolished,  above  40  by  60  inches — Imports 
for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duties 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 

quantity. 

Actual 
and  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

1907 

41  cents  per  pound, 
do 

Pounds. 

1,288.00 

240. 00 

3,  .574. 00 

150.00 

193.00 
18.00 

226. 00 
20.00 

$56.36 

10.50 

156.36 

6.56 

$0,072 
.  075 
.063 
.133 

Per  cent. 
60.60 
58.33 
69.19 
32.80 

1908 

1909 

do 

1910' 

.do... 

'  July  1  to  Aug.  5, 1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

Cylinder,  a-oicn,  and  common  itnndow  glass,  unpolished,  above  2,400  square  inches — 
Imports  for  cons  umpt  ion — Revenue . 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duties 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual 
and  com- 
puted ad 
valorem 
rate. 

19101 

4',  cents  per  pound, 
.do... 

Pounds. 

4,200.00 

2, 622. 00 

1,314.25 

351.00 

12.00 

20,225.00 

6.054.00 

S309. 00 

121.00 

107.00 

12.  50 

5. 00 

1,428.00 

377.00 

27.00 

89.00 

$178.50 

111.44 

55. 85 

14.92 

.51 

404.. 50 

121.08 

10.00 

9.30 

JO  074 

Per  cent. 

i;7   7T 

1911 

.016                 92.10 
OSl  1              52  20 

1912 

....do... 

1913. 

do 

030              11Q  •}« 

1914  2 

.do    . 

.417 
.071 
.062 
.054 
.191 

10  '0 

1914  8 

2cents  per  pound.. 
do 

28  33 

1915 

30  12 

1916 

do 

500. 00 
465. 00 

37  04 

1919'i 

.do    . 

10  45 

'  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909. 
2  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


3  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914, 
<  Calendar  year. 


underact  of  1913. 


Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  unpolished,  silvered,  not  exceeding  150  square  inches — Imports 
for  consumption — Revenue. 


Calendar  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

-Vctual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1919 

\l  cent  per  pound., 
•ji  cent  per  square 
I    loot. 

1 150  lbs 

80.10 

Percint. 

204  sq.  ft 

S15.00 

$3.35 

22.33 

Cylinder,  croivn,  and  common  vnndow  glass,  unpolished,  silvered,  above  130  and  not 
exceeding  384  square  inches — Imports  for  coiisumplion — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duly 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

-Vf  tualanil 

coiiiiiulcd 

ad  \  alorem 

rate. 

19141 

(1  cent  per  pound 
<    plus  1  cent  per 
[    square  foot. 

do 

120,684  lbs.... 
(18,740  sq.ft.. 
r49,S93  1bs... 
\31,,53C  sq.  ft. 

}      $1,479.00 
\       1,712.00 

$394.24 
814.29 

1       50.072 

Per  rent. 
1           26.66 
}           47.56 

1915 

1           .034 

' 

1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


90 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  silvered,    above  384  and  no 
exceeding  720  square  inches — Imports  for  consmnjjtion — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

T,,,,.,,      '  Value  per 

coUectld    i     """°f 
coiiecrea.      q^^Qtity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19141 

[IJ  cents  per  pound 
\    plus  1  cent  per 
[    square  foot. 

do 

16,600  lbs 

[6,100  sq.ft... 

/4,5001bs 

\4,000  sq.ft... 

/2201bs 

\209  sq.ft.... 

1         $472. 00 

1           309. 00 
}             45. 00 

$135. 26 

1        $0,072 

Per  cent. 
1           28.  C6 

1           29. 33 

1915 

90.63 
4.57 

f           .069 

1917 

do 

/ "265' 

\           10. 15 

\ 

1 

1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  Juno  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  ivindow  glass,  unpolished,  silvered,  above  720  and  not 
exceeding  1,200  square  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


Value  i)er 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Aetna  land 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1914  1. 


IJ  cents  per  pound 
plus  1  cent  per 
square  foot. 


26,460  lbs... 
24,250  sq.ft. 


$1,868.00 


$639. 40 


0.071 


Per  cent. 
34.23 


1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Cylinder,  croivn,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  silvered,  above  1,200  and  not 
exceeding  2,400  square  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


i      Duty 
I  collected. 


qu^'tify.    ^<ivalo-m 


li  cents  per  pound 
plus  1  cent  per 
square  foot. 


SSa:::i}     ^^^^-^o 


$76.  56 


SO.  063 


Per  cent. 
44. 00 


1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  vrindow  glass,  lonpolished,  tuhen  bent,  ground,  obscured , 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored, 
painted,  ornamented,  or  decorated,  not  exceeding  150  square  inches,  valued  at  not  mort 
than  ij  cents  per  pound — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duly. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1911 

\\  cents  per  pound 
and  5  per  cent. 

Pounds. 
3,297 

$44.00 

$43.42 

$0,013 

Per  cent. 
98.68 

TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


91 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured, 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored, 
painted,  or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated— Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1907. 


1908.. 
1909.. 
19101. 


Not  exceeding  10  by 
15  inches. 

If  cents  per  pound 
and  5  per  cent. 

do 

do 

do 


1910  2. 

1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  3. 


Not  exceeding  150 
square  inches,  val- 
ued at  more  than 
11  cents  per  pound. 

1|  cents  per  pound 
and  5  per  cent. 

do 

do 

do 

do 


1914  K 


191.5 

1916 

1917 

1918 

19185 

19195 1 do. 


Not  exceeding  150 
square  inches. 

I  cent  per  pound 
and  4  per  cent 
ad  valorem. 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 


1911. 
1913. 


1907. 


leos. 

1909. 


Above  150  and  not 
exceeding  3Si 
square  inches,  val- 
ued at  not  more 
than  /J  cents  per 
pound. 

IJ  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 


Above  10  by  15 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  16  by 
S4  inches. 

li  cents  per  pound 
and  5  percent... 

do 

do 


1910  2. 

1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  3. 


Above  150  and  not 
exceeding  S48 
square  inches, 
valued  at  more 
than  /J  cents  per 
pound. 

IJ  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. . . 

do 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


Pounds. 
269, 129. 75 

299, 174. 58 

236,575.50 

2,555 


541, 988. 75 

553, 646. 13 
576, 778.  25 
825,946.89 
216,380 


237,140 
93,401 
76, 792 
15, 534 
5,159 
13,807 


81 
850 


66,045 
99,015 
78, 665 


183, 614 
262,026 
257,nr>S.  13 
4S3, 09S.  06 
67,377 


>  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

*  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

» July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


$33,848.50 

36,514.00 

38, 178. 50 

133.00 


63,508.25 

65, 119. 26 
64, 034. 28 
90,266.00 
27, 847. 00 


69,010.00 


41,703.00 
25,034.00 
17,311.00 
2,540.00 
1,429.00 
4,695.00 


4.00 
14.70 


4,592.00 
6,417.00 
5,132.00 


11,479.00 

i5,r>s:i.oo 

13,235.00 

32,860.00 

3,N71.00 


$5,392.94 

5,939.27 

5,161.87 

41.79 


10,627.83  I 

10,868.67  ; 
11,132.43  I 
16, 170. 10  i 
4,367.58 


7,789.09 


3, 743. 10 

1,818.62 

1,364.38 

237.53 

102. 31 

308. 61 


1.62 
15.62 


1,467.94 
2, 177. 40 
1,731.56 


4,016.70 
0,692.17 
5, 481.  ,18 
10,701.12 
1,456.87 


$0,126 

.122 
.161 
.052 


.118 
.111 
.116 
.129 


.062 
.059 
.  051 
.068 
.057 


Per  cent. 
15.93 

16.26 
13.52 
31.42 


16.73 

16.69 
17.39 
16.80 
15.68 


.120 


.176 
.268 
.225 
.164 
.277 
.340 


.049 
.017 


.07     I 
.064 
.065  I 


11.29 


7.26 
7.88 
9.35 
7.16 
6.57 


40.50 
10.-.  83 


31.97 
33. 94 
33.74 


34.09 
36.53 
41.42 
32.  .S7 
37.  64 


*  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  Juno  20,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
'  Calendar  year. 


I 


92 


TARIFF   INFOEMATION   SUIIVEYS. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured, 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored, 
painted,  or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — 
Continued. 


Fiscal  year. 


1914  1 . 

1915.. 
1916.. 
1917.. 
1918.. 

1918  2. 

1919  2. 


1907. 

1908. 
1909. 
1910; 


1910  <. 
1911.. 


1910 <. 


1911. 
1912. 
1913. 

1914  ; 


Rate  of  duty. 


Above  150  and  not 
exceeding  884 
square  inches 
(toial). 

1  cent  per  pound 

and  4  per  cent.. 

do 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


Above  16  by  U 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  S4  by 
30  inches. 

2f  cents  per  pound 
and  5  per  cent . . . 

do 

do 

do 


Above  S84  and  not 
exceeding  120 
sqaurc  inches,  val- 
ued at  more  than 
2i  cents  per 
pound. 

2  J  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent... 

....do 


per 


Above  384  and  not 
exceeding  720 
square  inches,  val- 
ued at  more  than 
2^  cents 
pound. 

2  J  cents  per  pound 
and  5  percent... 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

I  Above  384  and  no! 
exceeding  720 
square        inches 

i      (total). 

1914  1 j  1|  cents  per  pound 

and  4  percent... 

1915 1 do 

1916 do 

1916  8 


Quantity. 


Value. 


1917. 


1918.. 

1918  2. 

1919  2. 


A  bove  24  by  30  inch- 
es and  not  excied- 
ing24byS6  inches. 

2|  cents  per  pound 
and  5  per  cent. 

1908 do 

1909 : do 

19103 1 do 


1907. 


li  cents  per  pound 
and  4  per  cent 
less  20  per  cent.. 

1 J  cents  per  pound 
and  4  percent... 

do 

do 

do 


Pounds. 
346,149 
109,949 
58,032 
154,348 
61,347 
62, 454 
80,728 


169,693 

98, 282 

314,449 

1,379 


400 
3, 040 


1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act 

2  Calendar  year. 

^  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 


151,. 560 
175,001 
184,450 
107, 984 
11,667 


135,001 
12, 224 
12,606 

2,756 

13, 474 
17,047 
11,0.36 
124, 155 


39,554 

31,910 
36,950 
533 
of  1913. 


$20,085.00 
7,141.00 
6, 379. 00 

15, 045. 00 
9, 124. 00 
9, 294. 00 

14,576.00 


8,967.00 

5,915.00 

19, 636. 00 

59.00 


Duty 
collected. 


7.00 
56.00 


8,709.00 
12,793.00 
12,  .380.  00 

6,  .385. 00 
565. 00 


7,345.00 

764. 00 

1,606.00 


417. 00 

1,091.00 

1,907.00 

1,. 333.  00 

17,768.00 


1,731.00 

1,545.00 

1,717.00 

28.00 


$4,264.89 

1,38.5.13 

835,  48 

2,145.28 

978.  43 

996. 30 

1,390.32 


4,478.56 

2. 629. 95 

8. 449. 96 
35.70 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


9.35 
71.20 


4,035.00 
4,795.95 
4,999.70 
2,883.88 
30.5. 34 


1,812.56 
168. 08 
208.  46 


38.15 

195. 22 

268.  08 

177.48 

2, 107.  48 


1,223.72 

994.69 

1,148.19 

16.72 


.058 
.065 
.110 
.097 
.149 
.149 
.181 


.053 
.06 
.062 
.043 


.017 
.018 


.057 
.073 
.067 
.059 
.048 


.054 

.0625 

.132 


.1.51 

.081 
.112 
.121 
.143 


.048 
.046 
.053 


<  Au?.  6,  1900,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

5  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

6  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SniVFA'S, 


93 


Cylinder,  croum,  and  covimon  window  glass,  unpoiished,  when  lent,  ground,  olscured, 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored, 
painted,  or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — 
Continued. 


Fiscal  j-ear. 

Ratejf  duty 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Dutv 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

.Vctualand 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

19101 

Above  7S0  and  not 
exceeding   S64 
square  inches. 

21  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 

do 

Pounds. 
31,412 

66,779 
33,487 
84,356 
8,556 

95,557 

12,773 

6,539 

036 

55,651 
20, 198 
24,265 
16,424 

25,807 

20, 187 

30,491 

150 

33,627 

34,885 

26,889 

21,863.50 

5,892 

341,763 

259,878 
295,304 
31,843 

324,741 

288,099 

220,842.67 

247,730 

12,255 

223, 125 

87,528 
163, 163 
69,269 
16,641 
25,791 
69,420 

11,413.00 

3,374.00 

1,645.00 

4,066.00 

439.00 

5,673.00 

676. 00 
661.00 
99.00 

4,909.00 
2,070.00 
2,493.00 
2, 629. 00 

1,068.00 

1,419.00 

1,396.00 

4.00 

1,396.00 

2,592.00 

1,473.00 

1,848.00 

335.00 

15,173.00 

11,179.00 

13,223.00 

1,379.00 

14,603.00 

13,874.00 
11,218.00 
12,223.00 
661.00 
12,817.00 

5,926.00 
17,. 500. 00 
8,, 599. 00 
3,293.00 
6,530.00 
15,987.00 

?934.50 

2,005.10 

1,003.14 

2,523.11 

257.24 

1,660.29 

218. 65 

124. 53 

10.80 

1,031.14 
385. 77 
463. 70 
351.52 

954. 40 

752. 25 

1,098.88 

5.26 

1,162.68 

1,203.38 
947.  .56 
802.95 
208.25 

14,002.01 

10,629.21 
12,  KM.  19 
1,302.87 

12,910.98 

11,497.43 
8,8-12. 5;j 
9,901.07 
492. 02 
4,696,27 

1,878.22 
3,759.31 
1,612.75 
443. 73 
744.77 
1,941.10 

SO.  045 

.050 
.049 
.048 
.051 

.059 

.053 
.101 
.150 

.088 
.102 
.103 
.160 

.065 

.07 

.046 

.027 

.042 

.074 
.055 
.085 
.057 

.044 

.043 
.045 
.0-13 

.045 

.0488 

.051 

.049 

.054 

.057 

.068 
.107 
.124 
.198 
.25:3 
.230 

Pcrcevt. 
66  14 

1911 

59  43 

1912 

do 

60  98 

1913 

do 

62  05 

1914  2 

do 

58  60 

1914' 

Above  7 SO  and  not 
exceeding   1,200 
square  inches  {to- 
tals). 

U  cents  per  pound 
plus  4  per  cent, 
do 

29.27 

1915 

32.34 

1916 

do 

18.84 

1916 « 

H  cents  per  pound 
plus  4  per  cent 
less  20  per  cent. 

1^  cents  per  pound 

plus  4  per  cent. 

do 

10.91 

1917 

1918 

21.01 
18.63 

1918  5 

do 

18.60 

1919  !> 

do 

13.37 

1907 

Above  ^iby  36  inch- 
es and  not  exceed- 
ing SOby  40  inches. 

3§  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 

57.22 

L908 

53.01 

1909 

.do 

78.72 

1910'' 

....do 

131.50 

19101 

Above  S64  and  not 
exceeding  1,300 
square  inches. 

3i  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 

83.29 

1911 

48.74 

1912        

.....do 

61.33 

1913     

do 

43.45 

19142 

do 

62.16 

1907 

Above  SO  by  40  inch- 
es and  not  exceed- 
ing 40by  GO  inches. 

Zl  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 

92. 28 

90S       

95.08 

909 

....do 

91.54 

1910  6 

do 

94.48 

.910  > 

Above  1,200 and  not 
exceeding     2,400 
square  inches. 

3  J  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 

88.05 

911 

82.87 

1912              

do 

78.82 

913              

do 

81.00 

1914  2 

.do 

74.53 

L9143 

IJ  cents  per  pound 
plus  4  per  cent, 
do 

30.64 

915 

31.70 

L916 

.do 

21.48 

L917                 

do 

19.10 

L918      

do i 

13.47 

19185 

do 1 

11.41 

L9195 

do ' 

12.14 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1919. 

2  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

3  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  Juno  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


*  Reciprocity  treaty  with  Cuba. 

5  Calendar  year. 

6  July  1  to  -Vu;;.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 


94 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  windoiv  glass,  unpolished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured, 
frosted,  sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored, 
"painted,  or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — 
Continued. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907.              .  .  .. 

Above  10  by  60 
inches. 

41  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 

Pounds. 

Per  cent. 

1908 

51 
1,133 

S3. 00 
85.00 

$2.38 
53.82 

SO.  059 
.075 

79.34 

1909 

.  ..  do 

63.32 

19101 

Above  2, IfOO  square 
inches. 

i\  cents  per  pound 

and  5  per  cent. 
do 

1911 

4,916 
1,195 
6,520 

403 
1,876 
988 
372 
372 
28,278 

732. 00 
60.00 
555.00 

23.00 
295.00 
114. 00 
76.00 
76.00 
5,278.00 

203. 03 
53.79 
152.60 

8.98 
49.32 
24.32 
10.48 
10.48 
776. 68 

.187 
.050 
.085 

.057 
.157 
.115 
.204 
.204 
.187 

27.72 

1913     ... 

...do 

89.63 

19142 

2  cents  per  pound 

plus  4  percent. 

.  ..  do 

27.50 

1915 

39.04 

1916 

do 

16.72 

1917 

do 

21.33 

1918 

do 

13.79 

19183 

do 

13.79 

19193 

do 

14.72 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  .30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909, 

2  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

3  Calendar  year. 

Cylinder  and  croxon  glass,  unpolished,  silvered,  and  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted 
sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted 
ornamented,  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1916 

Not  exceeding  ISO 
square  inches. 

I  cents  per  pound 
and  1  cent  per 
square  foot  plus 
4  per  cent. 

Above  S8Jf  and  not 
exceeding  7Z0 
square  inches. 

1 J  cents  per  pound 
and  1  cent  per 
square  foot  plus 
4  percent. 

do 

Pounds. 
Squarefeet. 

\    " 

1             8,846 
f          '3,384 

/             8,846 

i            SI.  00 
1,159.00 

$0.18 
179.72 

$0,083 
.131 

Per  cent. 

1918 

18.00 

1          15.51 
1           15. 51 

1918' 

I       1  ISO  m 

179.72 

f           .131 

'  Square  feet. 


» Calendar  year. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION  SURVEYS.  95 

Cylinder  and  croun  glass,  polished — Impcrtsfor  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


Rate  of  duty.      |    Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


V'alue  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


1907. 


1908. 
1909. 


1910. 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.., 
1914  1. 
1914  2. 


1915. 
1916. 


1907. 


1908. 
1909. 


1910. 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
19141. 
1914  ». 


1915. 
1916. 
1918. 


1907. 


1908.. 
1909.. 
1910  ». 


1910  *. 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  «. 
1914  '. 


1915. 
1916. 


Unsilvered—not  ex- 
ceeding 16  by  m 
inches. 

4  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Not  exceedino  S84 
square  inches. 

4  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

3  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 


Unsilvcred  ■ — above 
18  by  24  inches 
and  not  exceeding 
S4  by  30  inches. 

6  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Above  SS4  and  not 
exceed ing  720 
square  inches. 

6  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


do 

do 

4  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 

do 


Unsilvcred  — above 
24  by  30  inches 
and  hot  exceeding 
24  by  GO  inches. 

15  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 


.do. 
.do. 


Above  720  and  not 
exceeding  1,440 
square  inches. 

12  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

7  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 


Square  feet. 
293,826.00 

191,597.00 
217, 592. 50 


289,557.20 

270, 125. 00 
233,019.00 
233,621.00 
32, 936. 40 
181,163.00 

81,296.00 
39, 430. 00 


399,570.00 

204,339.00 
274,245.00 


344,961.04 

303,0.53.00 
273,337.00 
265, 370. 00 
46,905.00 
233,524.00 

82,475.00 

52,354.00 

255. 00 


79,239.00 

70.682.00 

23, 319. 67 

1,080.00 


45,335.00 

72, 521.  .50 
66,679.00 
78,035.00 
10,112.00 
110,116.00 

31,019.00 
16,79.1.00 


357,550.00 

41,309.00 
45,078.00 


58,698.00 

55,609.00 
47, 467. 00 
45,933.00 
6,404.00 
33, 518. 00 

14,559.00 
8,001.00 


86,320.00 

49, 158. 00 
62, 133. 00 


77, 129. 00 

67,532.00 
59,3.5.5.00 
54,587.00 
9,673.00 
47,941.00 

15,989.00 

8,7.59.00 

307. 00 


19,835.00 

17,746.00 

6,545,00 

310.00 


11,203.00 

16,725.00 
15,611.00 
17, -127. 00 
2,111.00 
22,012.00 

6,079.00 
3,1,33.00 


$11,753.04 

7,663.88 
8,703.70 


11, 582.28 

10, 805. 00 
9, 320.  76 
9, 344. 85 
1,317.46 
5,434.89 

2,438.88 
1, 182. 90 


23,974.20 

12,260.34 
16,454,70 


20,697.66 

18,183.18 
16,400.22 
15;  922. 20 
2,814.30 
9,340.96 

3,299.00 

2,094.16 

10.20 


11,885.85 

10,602.30 

3,502.45 

162.00 


5,440.20 

8,702.58 
8,001.48 
9,364.20 
1,213.44 
7,708.12 

2,234.33 

1,17.5.58 


1  July  1  to  Oct.  3,1913,  under  act  of  1909. 

>  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

3  Julv  1  to  Aug.  5, 1909,  iHKicr  act  of  1807. 

*  Aug.  6, 1909 ."to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1900. 


80. 196 


.216 
.207 


.203 

.206 
.204 
.197 
.194 
.185 

.179 
.203 


.216 


.241 
.227 


.224 

.223 
.217 
.206 
.206 
.205 

.194 

.167 

1.204 


.25 

.2.51 
.280 
.287 


.247 

.2.31 
.234 
.223 
.209 
.200 

.190 

.187 


Per  cent. 
20.42 


18.55 
19.31 


19.73 

19.43 
19.64 
20.34 
20.57 
16.21 

16.75 
14.78 


27.77 


24.94 
26.48 


26.84 

26.93 
27.63 
29.17 
29.09 
19.48 

20.63 

23.91 

3.32 


59.93 

59. 74 
53.51 
52.26 


48.56 

52.03 
51.26 
.53. 73 
.57. 48 
35.02 

36. 75 
37.52 


96  TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 


Fiscal  year. 

Ra(  e  of  duty. 

1 
Quantity.            Value. 

Dutv         Value  per 

,\e(  ual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1909 

Unnlvered  —above 
14  by  60  inches. 

20  cents  per  square 
foot. 

Above  ] ,440  square 
inches. 

15  cents  per  square 

foot. 
.      do       

Square  feet. 
1,106.00 

35,932.00 

$1,302.00 
9.168.00 

S221.20             SI.  18 

Per  cent. 
10. 99 

19101 

5,389.80 

66.25 
144.00 
315. 45 

58.10 

58.40 

.255 

.985 
.961 
.689 
.267 

.267 

58.79 

191]              

441.70                435.00 

960.00                923.00 

2  103.00  1           1   448.00 

15.23 

1912 

do 

15.00 

1913                       .   . 

do       

21.78 

1914  2 

10  cents  per  square 
foot. 

fin      

581.00 

155. 00 

37. 48 

1915              .... 

584.00 

156. 00 

37.44 

! 

'  .-Vug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 
2  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  exceeding  in  size  144 
square  inches — Imports  j or  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year: 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Huty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

Not  exceeding  IS  by 
24  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

Square  feet. 
237.  00 

1,493.90 
248.  SO 

920. 00 

1, 135. 40 

108.  00 

6.67 

29,852.00 

34, 475. 00 
2,671.00 

411.  00 

134.  00 
22.50 

11.00 

209.  00 

1,138.00 

5. 00 

56,382.00 

49,548.00 

6,108.00 

15.  00 

15.00 

$129.  00 

230.  00 
64.00 

243.  00 

338.  00 

12.00 

4.00 

6,489.00 

7,314.00 
564.  00 

275.  00 

107.00 
17.00 

13.11 

113.00 

297.  00 

9.00 

12,867.00 

10,.%9.00 

1,332.00 

15.  00 

15.00 

$26.  07 

164. 33 
27.37 

101.20 

124.89 

11.88 

.73 

1,194.08 

1,379.00 
106. 84 

53.  43 

17.42 
2.93 

1.43 

27.17 

147. 94 

.65 

2,819.10 

2,477.40 

305.  40 

.  75 

.  75 

$0. 544 

.154 
.257 

.264 

.298 
.111 
.599 
.217 

.212 
.211 

.669 

.799 
.756 

1.19 

.541 
.261 
1.80 
.228 

.219 
.218 
1.00 
1.00 

Per  cent. 
20.21 

1908 

71.44 

1909 

do 

42.77 

1910..; 

Not  exceeding  384 
square  inches. 

11  centsper  square 

foot. 
do 

41. 65 

1911 

36.74 

1912 

do 

99.00 

1913 

.do 

IS.  25 

19141. 

4  centsper  square 

foot. 
do 

18.40 

1915 

18.85 

1916 

do 

18.94 

1907 

Above    16    by    24 
inches    and    not 
ceeding  24  by  30 
inches. 

13  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

19.43 

1908 

16.28 

1909.     . 

.do 

17.24 

1910 

Above  S84  and  not 
exceeding    720 
square  inches. 

13  cents  per  square 
loot, 
do 

10.91 

1911 

21.04 

1912..   . 

do 

49.81 

1913 

do 

7.22 

19141 

5  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 

21.91 

1915 

1916 

22.79 
22.93 

191S 

.do 

5.  Oo 

19182 

do 

5.  00 

Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


2  Calendar  year. 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


97 


Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  silvered,  aiid  looking-glass  plates,  exceeding  in  size  144 
square  inches— Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 


Fiscal  year. 


1907. 


1908. 
1909. 


19101. 

1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
19142. 


1915. 
1916. 


1907. 


190S. 
1909. 


1916. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Above  24  by  30 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  24  by 
GO  inches. 

25  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Above   720  square 
inches. 

25  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 

8  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

Above    2i    by    60 
inches. 

38  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Above  1,440  sqvare 
inches. 

11  cents  per  square 
foot. 


Quantity. 


Square  feet. 
419. 52 

17S 
195 


24 

74 

5 

4,423 

5,323 

S 


1,396.50 

3,742 
24.76 


Value. 


$184.  00 


302.00 
95.00 


14.00 

54.00 

60.00 

10.00 

1,049.00 

1,414.00 
3.00 


1,173.00 

2,626.00 
58.00 


6.00 


Duty 
collected. 


$104. 88 


44.50 
48.75 


2.00 

6.00 

18.  .50 

1.25 

353. 84 

425.84 
.64 


530. 67 


1,421.96 
9.41 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


.\ctual  and 
computed 
ad  valorem 
I       rate. 


$0,439 


1.70 
.497 


1.75 

2.25 
.811 

2.00 
.237 

.266 
.375 


.84 


.702 
2.35 


.545 


Per  cent. 
57.00 


14.73 
51.32 


14.29 

11.11 
30.83 
12.50 
33.73 

30.12 
21.33 


54.15 
16.22 


>  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909.      2  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  unsilvered,  when  ground,  bent,  obscured,  frosted, 
sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted, 
or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 


1907 


1908. 
1909. 


1910. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Net  exceeding  16  by 
S4  inches. 

4  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

do 


Not  exceeding  384 
square  inches. 


4  cents  per  square 

foot   and  5  per  112,138 

cent. 

1911 do 142,452 

1912 do 55,792 

1913 i do 73,117 

19141 do 10,964 

1914» 3  cents  per  square  21,835 

foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

1915 ! do 15,823 

1916 1 do 2,172 

1919  ! ! do 518 

1  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1908. 

*  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

47578— 21— B-9 7 


Quantity. 


Square  fed . 
167,818 


131,419 

85,678 


Value. 


$44,707.00 


34,308.00 
21,808.00 


25,827.00 

35,865.00 
14,542.00 
18, 550. 00 
2,723.00 
6,468.00 


4,133.00 
569.00 
206.00 


Duty 
collected. 


$8,948.07 

6,972.16 
4,517.52 


5,776.87 

7,491.33 

2,9,58.78 

3, 852. 18 

574. 71 

913.77 


640.01 
87.92 
23.78 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


$0,266 


.261 
.254 


.230 

.252 
.261 
.254 
.248 
.296 


.261 
.262 
.398 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Percent. 
20.01 


20. 32 
20.71 


« Calendar  years. 


22.37 

20.89 
20.35 
20.77 
21.11 
14.13 


15.48 
15.45 
11.51 


98 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  unsilvered,  when  ground,  he^it.  obscured,  frosted, 
sanded,  enameled,  beveled,  etched,  evihossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  -painted, 
or  otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Contd. 


Fiscal  year. 


1907 


1908. 
1909. 


1910. 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
19141. 
19142. 


1915. 
1916. 


1907 


190S. 
1909. 


1910-5 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
19142. 


Rale  of  dutv. 


Above  16  by  U 
ivches  and  not 
exceeding  H  by 
30-  inches. 

6  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

do 


Above  S84  and  not 
exceeding  730 
square  inches. 

6  cents  per  square 

foot  and  5  per 

'^ent. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

4  cents  per  square 

foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

do 

do 


Above  21t  by  30 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  34  by 
60  inches. 

1.5  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

do 


1915. 
1916. 


Above  720  and  not 
exceeding  1,440 
square  inches. 

12  cents  per  square 

foot  and  5  per 

cent. 

do 

do 

do 

7  cents  per  square 

foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

do 

do 


Quantity. 


Square  feet. 
544, 165 


225, 749 
229, 259 


303, 166 


216,401 
117,162 
167, 877 
29,331 
84,891 


26,408 
2, 125 


693 


879 
617 


383 


3,887 

6,608 

6,434 

461 


1,154 
840 


Value. 

• 


S137, 593. 00 


61,215.00 
61,460.00 


Duty 
collected. 


S39, 529. 55 


16,605.69 
16,828.54 


72,730.00  I     21,826.46 


50,509.00 
27, 249. 00 
39, 851. 00 
6,861.00 
19,879.00 


5,653.00 
455.00 


208. 00 


268.00 
161.00 


122. 00 


1,301.00 

1,918.00 

1,868.00 

185. 00 


290. 00 
298.00 


15, 509. 51 
8, 392. 17 

12,065.17 
2,102.91 
4, 190. 80 


1,282.44 
103. 20 


145. 25 
100.60 


52.06 


531  49 

888. 86 

865. 48 

39.67 


92.38 
70.72 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


SO. 253 


.271 

.268 


.240 


.233 
.233 
.237 
.234 
.234 


.214 
.214 


.300 


.305 
.261 


.318 


.335 
.290 
.290 
.401 


.251 
.355 


.\ctualand 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
28. 73 


27.12 
27.38 


30.01 


30.71 
30.80 
30.28 
30,65 
21.08 


22.69 
22.68 


54.98 


54.19 
62.48 


42.67 


40.85 
46.34 
46.33 
21.44 


31.86 
23.73 


1  Julv  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909.  3  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

»  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Cylinder  and  croivn  glass,  polished,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded,  enam- 
eled, beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  ornamented, 
or  decorated,  above  1,440  square  inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

$2.73 

.993 
.168 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910' 

15  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

Square  feet. 
1.5.00 

139.00 
184.00 

S41.00 

138. 00 
31.00 

S4.30 

27.75 
19.64 

Per  cent. 
10  49 

1911 

20.10 

1916 

10  cents  per  square 
foot    and  4  per 
cent  ad  valorem. 

63  35 

1  Aug.  6, 1909,  to  June  30. 1910.  under  act  of  1909. 


TARIFF   IXFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


99 


Cijlinder  and  croun  glass,  polished,  silvered,  when  ground,  bent,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded, 
enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or 
otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — JRevenue. 


Piscal  jear. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Xot  erceding  16  by 
2i  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
(■cut. 

do 


Xot  exceeding  384 
square  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 

foot   and  5  per 

cent. 

do 

4  cents  per  square 

foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

do 

do 


Above  16  by  24 
inches  and  not  ex- 
ceeding iJf  bv  SO 
inches. 

13  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

do 


Abooe  SS't  and  not 
exceeding  7'20 
square  inches. 

1.3  cents  per  square 

foot  and  5  per 

cent. 

do 

5  cents  per  square 

foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Above  24  by  SO 
inches  and  not  ex- 
ceeding 24  by  60 
inches. 

i  5  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 


Above  720  square 
inches. 

25  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

do 


Above  720  square 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  1,440 
square  inches. 

8  cents  per  square 
foot  plus  4  per 
cent. 

do 


Quantity. 


Square  feet. 
470. 40 


532.50 


28.73 
32, 843 


27, 158 
3, 445 


600 
8.50 


105 


863 
104,113 


80,251 

17,083 

39 

4 


145 


564.82 
187 


<  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  Juuo  30, 191 !,  under 


1,202 


307 
act  of  1913. 


J233.00 
5.00 


183.00 


20.00 
7, 793. 00 


6,194.00 
853.00 


66.00 


177.00 
15.00 


39.00 


290.00 
24,796.00 

19,954.0(3 

4,234.00 

67. 00 

5.00 


4.00 
636. 00 

66.00 


447.00 
147.00 


445.00 


87.00 


Dutv      I  ^ali'eper 

collect^    I     ^'"f 
couectea.  t  quantity. 


$63.39 
.49 


67.73 


4.16 
1,625.44 


1,3.33.88 
171.92 


35.41 


86.85 
1.86 


15.60 


126. 69 
6, 197. 49 


4,810.69 

1,023.51 

4. 63 

.40 


2.20 
517. 80 

39.55 


163.55 
54.10 


113.96 


28.04 


SO.  495 
2.25 


.344 


.096 
.237 


.228 
.248 


.295 
1.76 


.371 


.336 
.238 


.249 

.248 

1.71S 

1.2.50 


.791 
,786 


.  2S3 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
27.21 


25.61 


32.23 


=  AuR.  6, 1909,  to  June  30,  1010,  inidcr  act  of  1909. 


100 


TAEIFF   IKF0EMATI0:N   SURVEYS. 


Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  silvered,  when  ground,  bent,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded, 
enameled,  beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or 
otherwise  ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 


Fiscal  year. 

Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1907 

Above    ZibyBO 
inches. 

38  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

Square  feet. 
22 

27.50 
21 

SIS.  00 

225.00 
9.00 

S9.20 

21.70 
2.67 

$0,818 

8.18 
.429 

Per  cent. 
51.44 

1908 

9.64 

1918 

11  cents  per  square 
foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

27.44 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  windoiv  glass,  unpolished  ^ — Domestic  exports  "^  {fiscal  years) . 


Exported  to — 


1912 


1913 


United  Kingdom 

Canada 

Central  American  States. 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Argentina 

Brazil 

Chile 

Colombia 

Uruguay 

Venezuela 

Australia 

China 

Japan 

PhiUppines 

British  South  Africa 

Hongkong 

Another 


$1,125 
13, 172 

5,224 
38,415 

1,381 
235 


89,312 
46, 187 

7,792 
34, 497 

5,137 


253 
183 


15 
727 
362 
131 


?74,050 

4,081 

25, 666 

2,187 

962 


S50 

398,571 

5,003 

18,528 
4,586 


$511 

276,987 

7,387 

11,856 

3,045 

593 


815 


200 
119 
622 


1,792 


1,042 
993 


1,015 
491 


1,354 
26 


2,102 


292 


3,905 


1,002 
7,367 


4,258 


Total. 


67,995 


121,339 


114, 109 


474 
861 
168 

15 
6,002 

54 


2,658 


1,880 


434,361 


311,339 


1  Figures  for  1911  are  for  six  months  only,  January  to  Jime,  inclusive, 
s  Quantity  not  stated  prior  to  1915. 

Cylinder,  crown,  and  common  ivindow  glass,  unpolished — Domestic  exports  (fiscal  years). 


Exported  to— 


Boxes 

(50 
square 
feet). 


Value. 


1916 


Boxes 

(50 
square 
feet). 


Value. 


1917 


Boxes 

(50 
square 
feet). 


Value. 


1918 


Boxes 

(50 
square 
feet). 


Value. 


France 

United  Kingdom 

Canada 

Central       American 

States 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Argentina 

Brazil 

Chile 

Colombia 

Uruguay 

Venezuela 

Australia 

China 

Japan 

Philippines 

British  South  Africa.. 

Hongkong 

All  other 


1,324 
100, 171 
262,048 

1,372 

4,502 

21,110 

12,246 

16, 329 

3,708 

437 

1,134 

324 

34,618 

3,627 

6,928 

1,102 

1,948 

2,457 

13,903 


$4,714 
250,688 
636,059 

5,973 

13,144 

59, 046 

52, 629 

70,536 

20,605 

2,489 

5,904 

1,746 

180,571 

13,731 

33,249 

4,750 

10,420 

11,187 

65,672 


Total j  489,288 


1,443,113 


7,507 

69, 892 

371,  639 

4,739 

6,048 

28,945 

52,621 

34,333 

30,654 

1,592 

6,060 

873 

64,586 

48,576 

56, 950 

6,152 

10, 891 

35,717 

57,021 


$34,107 
213,851 
971,798 

20,785 

17,671 

84,967 

247,433 

160,023 

129, 299 

8,601 

27,844 

4,354 

307, 155 

191,768 

246,056 

30, 189 

50, 112 

141,965 

235,938 


6,300  $22,616 
20,971  !  71,306 
492,979  11,469,180 


$3 


9,762 

8,726 

31,520 

35,322 

40,148 

35,706 

10,060 

3,908 

2,441 

64, 810 

34,565 

48,900 

5,401 

16, 171 

14,342 

60,616 


894,796  [3,123,916  ,  942,648 


47,144 

43,763 

116,803 

172,239 

188,239 

147, 280 

51,885 

20,966 

11,419 

332,403 

135,823 

225, 138 

25,319 

72,873 

60,570 

268,630 


455, 087 

4,487 
21,130 
28,924 
26,963 
23, 852 
57,300 
2,177 
5,607 
643 
38,027 
5,244 
6,742 
9,635 
4,040 
2,443 
26, 141 


1,880,459 

29,811 

114,409 

136,243 

195, 859 

133,675 

278,052 

13,813 

40,744 

4,794 

254,252 

22,814 

45,556 

52,442 

24,847 

12,880 

160, 467 


3,483,596 


718,443 


3,401,120 


TARIFF   IXFOEMATIOX   SURVEYS.  101 

Common  window  glass — Domestic  exports  (calendar  years). 


All  Europe 

Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba... 

Argentina 

Brazil 

Chile 

Peru 

UrufTuay 

Australia 

New  Zealand 

Philippines 

British  South  Africa . 
All  other 

Total 


6,492,608 


Common  window  glass,  cylinder — Wholesale  prices,    United  States  Bureau  of  Labor 

Statistics. 

(American  window  glass,  single  strength,  average  wholesale  prices.) 


Average  price  per  50  square  feet. 

Year. 

Average  price  per  50  square  feet. 

Year. 

25  inches,  6  by  8  to 
10  by  15  inches. 

25  inches, 
6  by  8  to 
10  by  15 
incfics.      1 

25  inches,  6  by  8  to 
10  by  15  inches. 

25  inches, 

6  by  8  to 
10  by  15 
inches. 

A. 

AA. 

B. 

A. 

AA. 

B. 

1890 

$2.2283 
2.2125 
1.9935 
2. 1375 
1.9918 

1.  5988 
1.8021 
2. 1986 
2. 6432 
2. 7081 
2. 6990 
4. 1282 
3. 2187 
2.6400 

2.  8867 
2. 7637 

SI. 7858 
1.7700 
1. 5948 
1. 7100 
1.6326 
1.3919 
1.6000  ' 
1.9630 
2.3428 
2.3986 
2.3194 
3.3823 
2.5649 
2, 1600 
2. 3283 
2.1365 

1906 

$2.9916 
2. 8133 
2. 3600 
2.3200 
2.9300 
2.2533 
2.2400 
2.7200 
2.7200 
2.9750 
3. 6750 
4.7968 
7. 3417 

$2.2563 

1891 

1907 

2.2419 

1892 

1908 ' 

1.8806 

1893 

1909 i 

1.8488 

1894 

1910 

2. 3375 

1895 

1911 

1.7956 

1896 

1912 

1.7850 

1897 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

1917 

1918 

1919 

October,  1920. 

S2. 2738 
2. 2738 
2.5500 
3. 1500 
4. 1230 
6.  3222 
6. 5540 
6.9000 

2. 2207 

1898 

2. 1675 

1899 

2.4225 

1900 

2. 4938 

1901 

3.3250 

1902 

5. 6885 

1903 

6.2260 

1904 

6. 5550 

1905 



102 


TAEIFF   IXFORMATIOjST   SURVEYS. 


RATES    OF    DUTY. 

Glass,  cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  unpolished. 


Act  of— 


18S3 


1S90 


1894 


1897 


1909 


1913 


Par. 


138 


112 


91 


101 


85 


Tarill  classification  or  description. 


Unpolished  cylinder,  crow-n,  and  common  window  glass,  not  ex- 
ceeding 10  by  15  inclies  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

All  above  that 

Provided,  That  unpoUshed  cylinder, c^o^\'n,  and  common  window 
glass,  imported  in  boxes  containing  50  square  feet,  as  nearly  as  sizes 
will  permit,  now  kno\\'n  and  commerciailj-  designated  as  Bo  feet  of 
glass,  single  tliick  and  weighing  not  to  exceed  55  pounds  of  glass 
per  box,  shall  be  entered  and  computed  as  50  pounds  of  glass  only; 
and  that  said  kinds  of  glass  imported  in  boxes  containing,  as  nearly 
as  sizes  will  permit,  50  feet  of  glass,  now  kno\\'Ti  and  commercially 
designated  as  50  feet  of  glass,  double  thick  and  not  exceeding  90 
pounds  in  weight,  shall  be  entered  and  computed  as  80  pounds  of 
glass  only;  but  in  all  other  cases  the  duty  shall  be  computed  ac- 
cording to  the  actual  weight  of  the  glass. 

UnpoUshed  cylinder,  crown,  and  common  wndow  glass,  not  exceed- 
ing 10  by  15  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inclies  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  36  inches  square 

All  above  that 

Provided,  That  unpolished  cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window 
glass,  imported  in  boxes,  shall  contain  50  square  feet,  as  nearly  as 
sizes  will  permit,  and  the  duty  shall  be  computed  thereon  accord- 
ing to  the  actual  weiglit  of  glass. 

Unpolished  cylinder,  cro^vn,  and  common  window  glass,  not  ex- 
ceeding 10  by  15  inches  square. 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square - 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  24  b}'  36  Inches  square 

All  above  that 

Provided,  That  unpoUshed  cylinder,  crown,  and  common 
window  glass,  imported  in  boxes,  shall  be  packed  50  square 
feet  per  box,  as  nearly  as  sizes  vs'ill  permit,  and  the  duty  shall 
be  computed  thereon  according  to  the  actual  weight  of  the 
glass. 

UnpoUshed  cylinder,  erowTi,  and  common  window  glass,  not  ex- 
ceeding 10  by  15  inches  square. 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  24  by  36  inches  square 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  30  by  40  inches  square 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  40  by  60  inches  square 

Above  that 

Provided,  That  impoUshed  cylinder,  crown,  and  common  window 
glass,  imported  in  boxes,  shall  contain  50  square  feet,  as  nearly 
as  sizes  will  permit,  and  the  duty  shall  be  computed  thereon  accord- 
ing to  the  actual  weight  of  glass. 

Unpolished  cyUnder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  not 
exceeding  150  square  inches,  valued  at  not  more  than  IJ  cents 
per  pound. 

Valued  at  not  more  than  U  cents  per  pound 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  384  square  inches,  valued  at  not 
more  than  IJ  cents  per  pound. 

Valued  at  more  than  1 J  cents  per  poimd 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches,  valued  at  not 
more  than  2^  cents  per  pound. 

Valued  at  more  than  2|  cents  per  pound 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  864  square  inches 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  1,200  square  inches 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  2.400  square  inches 

Above  that 

Provided,  That  mipolished  cylinder,  crown,  and  common  win- 
dow glass,  imported  in  boxes,"  shall  contain  50  square  feet,  as 
nearly  as  sizes  will  permit,  and  the  duty  shall  be  computed  thereon 
according  to  the  actual  weight  of  glass." 

Unpolished  cyUnder,  crown,  and  common  window  glass,  not  exceed- 
ing 150  square  inches. 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  384  square  inches 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  1,200  square  inches 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  2,400  square  inches 

Above  that 

Provided,  That  unpolished  cj'Under,  crown,  and  common  win- 
dow glass,  imported  in  boxes,  shall  contain  50  square  feet,  as 
nearly  as  sizes  will  permit,  and  the  dut.y  shall  be  computed  thereon 
according  to  tlie  actual  weight  of  glass. 


Rates  of  duty, 

specific  and  ad 

valorem. 


If  cents  per  pound. 

li  cents  per  pound. 
2|  cents  per  pound. 
2|  cents  per  pound. 


If  cents  per  poimd. 

li  cents  per  pound. 
21  cents  per  pound. 
2|  cents  per  pound. 
3 J  cent  3 per  pound. 


1  cent  per  pound. 

li  cents  per  pound. 
l|  cents  per  pound. 

2  cents  per  pound. 
2|  cents  per  pound. 


If  cents  per  pound. 

11  cents  per  pound. 
2|  cents  per  pound. 
2J  cents  per  pound. 
31  cents  per  pound. 
3|  cents  per  pound. 
4|  cents  per  pound. 


li  cents  per  pound. 


If  cents  per  pound. 
1£  cents  per  pound. 

1|  cents  per  pound. 
2i  cents  per  pound. 

2|  cents  per  pound. 
2-J  cents  per  pound. 
3i  cents  per  poimd. 
3|  cents  per  poimd. 
4i  cents  per  pound. 


J  cent  per  poimd. 

1  cent  per  pound. 
IJ  cents  per  pound. 
U  cents  per  pound. 
l|  cents  per  pound. 

2  cents  per  pound. 


TAKirF    IXFORMATIOX   SURVEYS. 
Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished. 


103 


1890 


1894 


1897 


1913 


113 


102 


100 


Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  not  exceeding  lOby  ISinches 

square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 1 

All  above  that I 

CyUnder  and  crown  glass, polished, not  exceeding  16  bv24  inches  I 

square.  '  "  , 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square i 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square I 

Above  that ; 

CyMnder  and  crown  glass, polished,  not  exceeding  16  by  24 inches 

square. 

AboA  e  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square ■ 

Above  that 

Cylinder  and  crownglass, polished,  not  exceeding  16by  24inches  ! 

square.  ! 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square ' 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

Above  that 

CyUnder  and  crown  glass,  pohshed,  not  exceeding  384  square  i 

inches.  1 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  1,440  square  inches 

Above  that j 

Cylinder  and  crown  glass,  polished,  not  exceeding  384  square  | 

inches. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches ' 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  1,440  square  inches 

Above  that i 


2  J  cents  persquare  foot. 


4  cent  s  per  square  foot. 
6  cents  per  square  foot. 
20centspersquarefoot. 
40ccnts  persquare  foot. 
4  cents  per  square  foot. 

6  cents  per  square  foot. 
20ccnts  persquare  foot. 
40cents  persquare  foot. 
2i  cent  s  per  square  foot. 

4  cents  per  square  foot. 
15  cents  per  square  foot. 
20cents  persquare  foot. 
4  cents  per  square  foot. 

6  cents  per  square  foot, 
loccnts  persquare  foot. 
20centspers(iuarefoot. 
4  cents  per  square  foot. 

6  cents  per  square  foot. 
12  cents  persquare  foor. 
15centsper square  foot. 

3  cents  per  square  foot. 

4  cents  per  square  foot. 

7  cents  per  square  foot. 
lOccntspersquarefoot . 


Court  and  Treasury  Decisions. 

Window  glass  as  a  material  should  be  distinguished  from  com- 
pleted articles  made  from  such  material.  Glass  signs  made  of  cyl- 
inder glass,  sand  blasted  and  colored,  their  edges  ground,  bearing 
the  word  "Exit"  stenciled  by  sand  blasting  or  etched  with  acid, 
ready  for  use,  were  therefore  held  to  be  too  far  advanced  or  processed 
to  be  dutiable  as  glass  under  paragraphs  85  and  90,  and  were  dutiable 
as  glass  articles,  colored  and  sand  blasted,  under  paragrajdi  84 
(United  States  r.  Bache  &  Co.,  7  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  445,  of  1917). 
Goggle  glasses  are  also  not  classable  as  window  glass  (American 
Thermo-Ware  Co.  v.  United  States,  6  Ct.  Cust.  Appls.,  218,  of  1915). 
Glass  microscope  slides  have  been  held  to  be  dutiable  under  the 
provision  for  glass  (Abstracts  37238  and  37370  of  1915),  but  articles 
composed  of  cylinder,  crown,  or  window  glass  of  various  sizes,  con- 
caved, beveled,  or  plain,  and  ready  for  separate  uses,  such  as  micro- 
scope slides,  watch-cover  glasses,  cover  glasses,  clock  glasses,  etc.,  are 
now  classified  as  manufactures  of  glass  under  paragraph  95  rather 
than  as  glass,  followhig  the  above  court  decisions  (T.  D.  37316  of  1917), 
as  are  microscope  cover  glasses  (G.  A.  8301,  T.  D.  38182  of  1919). 

Glass  claimed  to  be  free  of  duty  under  tlie  provision  in  ])aragra]'»h 
577  of  the  act  of  1909  for  glass  plates  or  disks,  rough  cut  or  uuwrought, 
for  use  in  the  manufacture  of  optical  histrumeuts,  s]M>ctacles,  aiul 
eyeglasses,  and  suitable  only  for  such  use  (paragra])h  494,  act  of 
1913),  was  shown  to  be  used  for  other  purposes,  viz,  occasionally  in 
art-glass  work,  for  moving-picture  slides  and  set  in  a  frame  in  front 
of  a  furnace,  was  held  pro]->erlv  classified  as  cylinder  glass,  colored, 
under  paragraphs  99  and  104.    "(Abstract  36798,  T.  I).  34871  of  1914.) 

Boxes  containing  more  than  50  square  feet. — ^Glass  dutiable  under 
paragraph  85  may  be  packed  in  boxes  containing  multii)les  of  50 
square  feet.     (T.  D.  34388  of  1914;   o])inion  of  Attorney  General.) 


CAST  POLISHED  PLATE  GLASS,  UNSILVERED. 


CAST  POLISHED  GLASS. 

Summary. 

The  essential  properties  of  polished  plate  glass  are  transparency, 
homogeneity,  and  strength.  For  some  years  it  has  been  in  general 
use  for  glazing  in  first-class  buildings.  It  is  practically  the  only  glass 
used  for  mirrors.  It  is  used  also  for  tables,  desks,  and  other  furniture 
and  for  automobiles,  ship  lights,  and  many  other  purposes. 

Over  60,000,000  square  feet  of  polished  plate  glass  was  produced  in 
1914.  The  1914  output  in  square  feet  was  11.6  per  cent  of  the  total 
of  all  building  glass.  The  output  of  window  glass  was  77  per  cent  of 
the  total.  In  value,  however,  plate  glass  was  40.1  per  cent  of  the 
value  of  all  building  glass  as  compared  with  48.2  per  cent  in  value  for 
window  glass.  In  1917  the  domestic  output  of  polished  plate  glass 
was  about  75,000,000  square  feet. 

In  1913,  71.05  per  cent  of  the  polished  plate  glass  imports  were  of 
the  sizes  not  exceeding  720  square  inches,  and  in  1914  this  class  of 
imports  was  63.64  per  cent  of  the  total.  The  imports  of  glass  384 
square  inches  or  less  were  2.8  per  cent  of  the  total  in  1914.  It  is  of 
the  imports  of  these  small  sizes  of  5  square  feet  and  less  that  American 
plate  glass  manufacturers  complain.  The  American  producer  of  47 
per  cent  of  all  plate  glass  stated  (1916)  that  "  the  average  price 
secured  for  all  the  glass  sold  under  5  square  feet  has  always  netted  a 
loss  to  the  manufacturer,"  and  that  40  to  45  per  cent  of  the  total 
production  is  cut  down  and  sold  in  the  small  brackets  under  10  square 
feet. 

The  imports  of  all  sizes  of  plate  glass  in  1899  were  5.48  per  cent  of 
the  domestic  production  of  that  year  and  the  imports  during  the  fiscal 
year  1914  were  4.67  per  cent  of  the  domestic  production  of  1914. 
American  mirror  manufacturers  have  been  importing  for  years  75 
per  cent  of  the  plate  glass  they  used  on  account  of  the  superior  quality 
of  the  foreign  product.  Under  the  higher  duties  of  the  act  of  1897 
during  the  five  years  1903  to  1907  there  were  annual  average  imports 
of  4,000,000  square  feet  of  glass  not  exceeding  5  square  feet  in  size, 
and  the  imports  of  these  small  sizes  were  also  larger  in  the  years  1910- 
11,  following  the  enactment  of  the  act  of  1909,  than  those  following 
the  reduction  of  the  rates  of  duty  in  the  act  of  1913. 

Apparently,  therefore,  the  imports  of  much  of  the  plate  glass  were 
in  response  to  the  requirements  of  American  mirror  manufacturers 
for  the  higher  grades  made  in  foreign  countries.  They  also  were 
influenced  by  market  conditions  here  and  abroad  and  these  were 
governed  by  domestic  shortage  of  supply  at  times. 

A  plate-glass  syndicate  or  trust  has  been  in  existence  in  Belgium 
which  carefully  regulates  the  production  of  its  manufacturing  mem- 
bers, following  the  world's  markets  closely  for  the  purpose  of  prevent- 
ing overproduction  and  of  giving  stability  to  selling  prices. 
104 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  105 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered — Summary  table. 


Domestic 

Imports 
for  con- 
sumption. 

Domes 
e-xport 

Ratio  to  production, 
tic 

production. 

s. 

Imports. 

Exports. 

Fiscal  year: 
1910     . 

$702,039 
853,907 
276,451 
247,015 
631,618 
100, 400 
3,778 
13,787 

815, 

29, 

50, 

58, 

35, 

831, 

1,568, 

2, 223, 

2,451, 

3, 155, 

Per  cent. 
)16   

Per  cent. 

1911...                                                   .... 

383   

1912. ..                        

754    

1913 

?30    

1914 

$14,773,787 

767              4.3 
727  , 

0.24 

1915    ..     .                  

1916 

181    

1917     .                                               

329    

1918 

918  ' 

Calendar  year: 

1918                             .             

S27    

1919                                              

3,055 

4.221.360    

i 

Year. 

Value  (im- 
ports for 
consumi> 
tion). 

,\mount 
of  duty. 

Value  per 
unit  1  of 
quantity. 

Equivalent 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

1910                

8702,039 
853,907 
276, 451 
247,015 
631,618 
100, 400 
3,778 
13,787 
3.055 

8433,971 

542,821 

176,778 

156,017 

265, 909 

38,757 

1,477 

1,613 

447 

SO.  223 
.220 
.249 
.231 
.224 
.  225 
.274 
1,022 
.140 

Per  cent. 
61.82 

1911                

63.57 

1912  

&3.95 

1913                                               

61.14 

1914                                

42.10 

1915                     

38. 60 

1916 

39.  52 

1917                               

11.70 

19192.   .              

14.63 

1  Square  foot.  ^  Calendar  year. 

General  Information, 
description. 

Plate  glass  possesses  the  properties  of  transparency,  homogeneity, 
and  strength  in  a  greater  degree  than  window  glass.  It  is  similar  to 
the  latter  in  that  the  ingredients  composing  it  are  practically  the 
same.     The  methods  of  manufacture,  however,  differ  greatly. 

USES. 

It  is  used  for  general  glazing  of  high-class  huildings,  for  mirrors, 
for  store  fronts,  show  cases,  ta])lc  ami  desk  and  other  furniture 
covering,  buffets,  taborets,  and  shelving.  Plate  glass  one-cjuarter 
of  an  inch  in  thickness  is  the  standard  size.  (3ne-eic;hth  inch  is  used 
by  car  builders  and  for  motor-car  wind  shields.  Glass  thicker  than 
the  standard  size  is  used  for  port  and  deck  lights  on  ships,  aquariums, 
and  counter  tops.  Window  glass  competes  with  plate  glass  and  is 
often  substituted  for  the  latter  in  building  construction.  Window 
glass  sells  at  a  price  about  25  per  cent  below  that  of  plate  glass. 

DOMESTIC   PRODUCTION. 

In  1917  there  were  nine  companies  operating  15  plate-glass  facto- 
ries in  six  States  and  producing  approximately  75,000.000  square 
feet  of  polished  plate  glass.  The  production  of  polislied  plate  glass 
in  1914  was  60,383,516  square  feet,  valued  at  $14,773,787.     This 


106  TAEIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

was  an  increase  of  12.2  per  cent  in  quantiW  and  85.2  per  cent  in 
value  over  the  production  of  1904.  The  1914  output  in  square  feet 
was  11.6  per  cent  of  the  total  of  all  building  glass  as  compared  with 
77  per  cent  of  window  glass.  Tn  value,  plate  glass  was  40.1  per  cent 
of  all  building  glass  as  compared  with  48. 2  per  cent  for  window  glass. 
Plate  glass  has  made  inroads  upon  the  window-glass  industry  for 
building  purposes  since  its  development. 

Matenals. — In  the  production  of  polished  plate  glass,  in  addition 
to  the  principal  batch  materials  of  silica  sand,  limestone,  soda  ash, 
salt  cake,  and  arsenic,  there  are  finishing  and  other  essential  materials 
such  as  carbon,  copperas,  grinding  sand,  rouge,  felt,  emer)^,  gypsum, 
and  pot  clay.  All  of  these  are  domestic  materials.  Turkish  emery 
and  German  pot  clay  were  imported  before  the  war. 

Equipment. — Melting  pots  having  about  25  days'  of  usefulness, 
liftino;  cranes,  casting  tables,  rollers,  annealing  ovens,  revolving 
grinding  tables,  and  polishing  tables  are  the  principal  items  of 
equipment  in  making,  and,  if  the  glass  is  beveled,  roughing  mills, 
bevelers,  emery  mills,  smoother  mills,  abrasive  wheels,  and  buffet 
polishers. 

Methods  of  production. — The  pot  usually  containing  about  a  ton  of 
molten  glass,  is  taken  from  the  furnace  by  wrought-iron  tongs  attached 
to  an  electrically  operated  traveling  crane.  After  the  surface  impuri- 
ties are  skimmed  it  is  carried  to  the  casting  table.  The  pot  is  tipped 
on  the  table,  v>^hich  is  of  iron,  with  a  smooth,  highly  polished,  trued 
surface,  and  from  12  to  16^-  feet  in  width  and  20  to  27}  feet  in  length, 
and  as  the  molten  glass  is  poured  or  cast  a  heavy  roller  attached  to 
the  table  quicMy  passes  over  the  glass,  rolling  it  into  a  sheet  of 
uniform  thickness.  After  tempering  in  the  leer  the  rough  opaque 
plate  glass  has  the  rough  edges  cut  off  and  the  glass  cut  to  the  desired 
size.  The  r'  iss  is  then  ground  on  a  revolving  iron  table  by  means 
of  sharp  ri\  sand,  w^ater,  and  revolving  iron  runners.  After  being 
ground  it  is  placed  on  a  polishing  table  and  with  rouge  and  water 
and  felt-covered  oscilating  blocks  or  disks  the  glass  is  polished.  The 
grinding  and  polishing  processes  on  both  sides  reduces  the  glass  to 
about  one-half  its  original  thickness. 

Organization. — In  six  plate-glass  establishments  the  amount  of 
capital  employed  in  1916  was  S9, 720, 629,  and  the  net  sales  were 
$4,930,141.  The  total  value  of  the  land,  buildings,  and  equipment 
was  S6, 176,867.  The  average  profit  on  capital  invested  was  4.14 
per  cent  and  the  highest  6.6  per  cent.  The  factories  included  above 
are  independent  plate-glass  manufactories.  The  most  important 
plate-glass  company  is  not  included  in  the  above  data.  This  concern 
operates  seven  plate-glass  and  two  window-glass  factories.  It 
produces  about  47  per  cent  of  all  plate  glass  manufacured  in  the 
United  States.  It  owns  a  plate-glass  factory  in  Belgium  and  operated 
it  before  the  war.  Since  1913  its  output  (to  1918)  increased  nearly 
29  per  cent.  Its  capitalization  (1916)  was  $25,000,000.  About  45 
per  cent  of  the  assets  of  the  company  are  invested  in  the  production 
of  plate  glass  and  the  company  states  that  its  profits  have  to  a  much 
greater  extent  been  realized  ifrom  its  other  investments,  which  are 
both  commercial  and  in  other  lines  of  manufacture.  The  printed 
annual  report  of  the  companv  states  that  for  the  year  1916  its  total 
sales  (plate  glass  and  other)  amounted  to  $31,580,255.74.  The 
earnings  were  $6,886,188.57.     The  usual  dividends  of  12  per  cent 


TAEIFF  IITFOKMATION  SURVEYS.  107 

on  the  preferred  stock  and  If  per  cent  quarterly  on  the  common 
stock  were  paid  during  the  year,  and  the  sum  of  8915,957.51  was 
charged  for  depreciation,  leaVing  a  balance  of  S4,8Sl,2ol.l6,  which 
was  added  to  the  surplus  account. 

Domestic  exports. — Prior  to  the  war  plate-glass  exports  were  yery 
small.  The  yalue  of  the  exports  in  1912  was  S50.754;  in  191.3, 
S58,830;  in  1914,  S35,767;  while  in  1917  the  exports  of  American 
plate  glass  were  $2,223,329,  or  oyer  6,115  per  cent  more  than  in  1914 
This  great  increase  was  due  to  the  cessation  of  production  in  Belgium, 
France,  and  Germany. 

FOREIGN    PRODUCTION. 

Statistics  of  foreign  production  of  plate  glass  are  not  obtainable, 
l)ut  the  potential  competitiye  power  of  European  countries  is  indi- 
cated in  their  exports.  Six  foreign  producing  countries  in  1913 
exported  polished  plate  glass  yalued  at  $11,493,122.  Of  this  total 
Belgium  exported  49  per  cent;  Germany,  25  per  cent;  England,  17 
per  cent;  France,  4  per  cent;  Netherlands,  3  per  cent;  and  Austria, 
2  per  cent.  Of  this  total  of  nearly  eleyen  and  one-half  million 
dollars  the  general  imports  of  plate  glass  into  the  United  States  in 

1913  amounted  to  but  $321,605  and  the  amount  entered  for  con- 
sumption was  yalued  at  $247,015,  upon  which  duties  amounting  to 
$156,017  were  collected. 

A  report  on  the  condition  of  the  Belgian  glass  industry  by  Consul 
Charles  Roy  Nasmith,  Brussels,  under  date  of  March  13,  1919,  states: 

With  the  exception  of  the  plate-glass  factory  at  Coiircelles,  the  property  of  an 
American  plate-glass  concern,  the  Belgian  factories  have  not  suffered  very  much. 
The  Germans  took  away  all  the  copper  and  some  of  the  machinery.  The  plate-glass 
factories  of  Floreffe  will  be  in  operation  in  a  month's  time,  and  in  two  or  three  months 
the  majority  of  the  factories  will  be  running.  The  glass  factory  of  Charleroi  has  been 
making  a  special  glass  called  "rolled  glass"  during  the  past  month,  but  at  a  reduced 
output.     This  sells  for  12  francs  ($2.32)  per  sqiiare  meter  loaded  on  car  in  factory. 

Consul  General  George  E.  Anderson,  Honkong,  British  China, 
reports  (April,  1919): 

The  import  trade  in  various  forms  of  glass  in  Hongkong  during  1918  had  a  number 
of  surprises,  one  of  them  being  that,  despite  war  troubles  and  the  extreme  shortage 
of  sliipping  space,  Great  Britain  was  able  to  supply  the  market  with  considerable 
plate  glass  for  mirror  making.  Such  imports  were  for  old  customers  only;  the  trade 
was  limited  and  the  prices  were  high.  British  manufacturers  were  able  to  keep  this 
trade  because  of  their  ability  to  furnish  the  glass  promptly,  making  deliveries  within 
six  or  seven  months  after  the  dispatch  of  the  order,  and  prompt  deliveries  are  an 
important  factor  in  the  Hongkong  plate-glass  trade,  at  times  being  much  more  impor- 
tant than  prices. 

Imports  of  plate  glass  of  all  sorts  during  the  year  for  local  use  amounted  to  only 
about  50,000  square  feet,  as  compared  with  about  100,000  square  feet  in  l!)17  and 
considerably  larger  quantities  in  normal  years.  Of  this  amount  the  United  Slates 
furnished  about  42,000  square  feet  and  Great  Britain  ])ractically  the  whole  of  the 
remainder.  The  trade  during  the  year  was  mostly  in  small  sizes,  as  large  stock  sizes 
were  available  only  from  the  United  States  and  in  limited  quantities.  Im]wrta  of 
figured  rolled  glass  for  local  use  during  the  year  are  placed  by  the  chief  importers 
at  about  5,500  square  feet  and  came  almost  altogether  from  Great  Britain.  There 
were  some  imports  of  wired  glass  from  the  United  States,  which  were  reexported. 

IMPORTS, 

The  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered,  produced  in  1914  was  valued 
at  $14,773,787,  the  imports  of  1913  were  valued  at  $321,605,  or  2.18 
per  cent  of  the  production  of  1914,  while  the  value  of  the  imports  of 

1914  was  $727,889,  or  4.93  per  cent  of  the  domestic  production.     The 


108  TAKIFF   INFORMATION  SURVEYS. 

platei'glass  imported  was  mainly  of  the  finer  and  more  expensive 
grades,  and  used  for  mirrors.  American  mirror  manufacturers  in- 
formed the  Tariff  Commission  that  prior  to  the  war  they  imported 
about  75  per  cent  of  the  plate  ^lass  they  used  as  it  was  superior 
in  quality  to  the  domestic  product  for  the  making  of  high-grade 
mirrors.  With  the  exception  of  the  finer  imported  grades,  domestic 
production  is  sufficient  to  supply  the  domestic  consumption. 

Since  the  year  1900,  the  imports  of  plate  glass  have  ranged  from 
$252,999  in  that  vear  to  SI, 519,296  in  1906,  dropping  to  S247,015  in 
1913,  increasing  to  $631,618  in  1914  and  decreasing  to  $100,400  in 
1915  and  to  $3,778  in  1916. 

Summary  tables  of  imports  are  given  on  page  105. 

PRICES. 

The  table  on  page  125  of  the  average  wholesale  prices  since  1905 
for  polished  plate  glass  for  glazing  having  an  area  of  from  3  to 
5  square  feet,  shows  some  surprising  fluctuations.  The  average 
price  per  square  foot  for  the  year  1905  was  19.75  cents;  the  next  year 
the  average  was  22.67  cents.  In  1908  it  dropped  to  17.33  cents, 
but  two  years  later  it  jumped  to  24.92  cents.  In  1913,  the  jesLT 
before  the  war,  it  was  23.67,  or  24  per  cent  higher  than  in  1905.  In 
1915  it  dropped  to  18.67  cents  and  the  next  year  it  soared  to  29.17 
cents,  due  to  foreign  demand,  which  led  to  an  export  trade  in  Ameri- 
can plate  glass  for  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  industry.  In 
1913  the  leading  producer  stated  that  "The  average  price  secured 
for  all  the  glass  sold  under  5  square  feet  has  always  netted  a  loss  to 
the  manufacturer,''  It  is  stated  that  the  percentage  of  the  small- 
bracket  glass  (under  10  square  feet)  produced  has  ranged  for  many 
years  from  20  to  25  per  cent  of  the  total  production.^  But  the  sales 
of  small-bracket  glass  ranged  from  60  to  70  per  cent  of  the  total 
production.  In  the  year  1915  the  sales  of  small  glass  (under  10 
square  feet)  of  the  company  producing  47  per  cent  of  all  plate  glass 
amounted  to  64.49  per  cent,  so  that  oi  the  total  production  40  to  45 
per  cent  manufactured  as  large  glass  is,  of  necessity,  cut  down  and 
sold  in  the  small  brackets. 

TARIFF    HISTORY. 

During  the  15-year  period  from  1894  to  1909,  covering  the  life  of 
two  tariff  acts,  there  were  four  classifications  of  imported  plate  glass 
for  dutiable  purposes,  as  follows : 

Rates  of  duty  per 
square  foot. 


Not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches 

Above  10  by  24  and  not  over  24  by  30  inches . 
Above  24  by  30  and  not  over  24  by  GO  inches . 
All  above  24  by  60  inches 


1  W.  L.  clause. 


TAPJFF   IXFORMATION   SURVEYS.  109- 

It  will  be  noted  that  while  the  rates  in  the  two  small  brackets  were 
increased  in  the  act  of  1897  to  8  and  10  cents,  the  rates  of  the  act  of 
1894  were  left  unchanged  in  the  larger  sizes.  The  average  ad  valorem 
rate  in  1896  and  1897  under  the  act  was  47.14  and  40.36  per  cent, 
respectively,  and  the  total  imports  were  $763,892  in  1896  and  $308,037 
in  1897.  The  average  ad  valorem  rates  under  the  act  of  1897  ranged 
from  85.94  per  cent  in  1902  to  52.85  per  cent  in  1909  and  the  imports 
ranged  from  the  lowest  in  1899  of  $231,747  to  the  highest  in  1906  of 
$1,519,296. 

The  act  of  1909  changed  the  classification  and  reduced  the  number 
of  rates  of  duty  from  four  to  three,  and  this  classification  was  adhered 
to  in  the  act  of  1913  and  with  rates  of  duty  as  follows: 


Rates  of  duty  per 
square  foot. 


Act  of       Aci  of 
1909.      '      1913. 


Not  exceeding  381  square  inches  (16  bv  24) . 

Above  384  and  not  above  720  (24  by  30) 

Above  720  square  inches  (24  by  30) 


SO.  10 
.125 
.225 


$0. 06 


Under  the  act  of  1909  the  average  ad  valorem  rate  of  duty  was 
61.82  per  cent  in  1910,  63.57  per  cent  in  1911,  63.95  per  cent  in  1912,. 
and  61.14  per  cent  in  1913.  The  imports  in  1910  amounted  to 
$702,039;  in  1911,  $853,907;  in  1912,  $276,451;  and  in  1913,  $247,015. 
Under  the  act  of  1913  the  average  ad  valorem  was  42.10  per  cent  in 
1914,  38.6  per  cent  in  1915,  and  39.52  per  cent  in  1916.  Tlie  imports 
in  1914  were  $631,618;  in  1915,  $100,400;  in  1916,  $3,778.  In  1913, 
71.05  per  cent  of  the  plate-glass  imports  were  of  the  sizes  above  384 
and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches,  while  in  1914  63.64  per  cent 
of  the  imports  were  in  this  group. 

COISIPETITIVE   CONDITIONS   AND   TARIFF   CONSIDERATIONS. 

The  head  of  the  American  company  making  47  per  cent  of  the  total 
of  plate  glass  produced  stated  to  the  Tariff  Commission  that  "The 
protection  afforded  by  the  Underwood  bill  was  inadequate  as  related 
to  the  small  sizes  of  plate  glass,  and  imports  began  to  increase  imme- 
diately after  the  passage  of  that  bill.  Small  sizes  are  those  under 
5  square  feet  and  even  up  to  10  square  feet.''  The  protection,  he 
maintained,  was  especially  inadequate  as  to  sizes  under  5  S([uarc  feet. 

The  figures  of  imports  for  the  fiscal  years  preceding  and  following 
the  act  of  1913  show  that  71.05  per  cent  of  the  plate  galss  imported 
in  1913  under  the  tarift'  act  of  1909  was  of  the  sizes  not  exceeding 
5  square  feet,  and  in  the  fiscal  year  following  they  were  63.64  per 
cent  of  the  total  imports. 

Under  the  act  of  1904  the  imports  of  plate  glass  not  exceeding 
5  square  feet  in  1910  and  1911  were  2,616,432  and  3,190,700  square 
feet,  while  for  the  fiscal  year  of  1914  following  the  enactment  of  the 
law  of  1913  they  were  1,890,967  square  feet  in  a  total  of  2,077,718 
for  the  whole  year. 


110  TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

It  would  appear  that  the  changes  in  tariff  rates  in  the  different 
tariff  acts  did  not  affect  the  importation  of  the  small  sizes  of  plate 
glass  and  that  they  were  governed  by  other  market  conditions. 

The  imports  of  all  sizes  in  1899  were  5.48  per  cent  of  the  domestic 
production  of  1899,  while  the  imports  during  the  fiscal  year  of  1914 
were  4.67  per  cent  of  the  domestic  production  of  1914. 

American  mirror  manufacturers  have  imported  75  per  cent  of  the 
plate  glass  they  used  in  making  high-grade  mirrors  on  account  of  the 
superior  quality  of  the  product  of  France,  Belgium,  and  Germany, 
and  when  the  imports  from  these  countries  ceased  the  mirror  manu- 
facturers were  unable  to  obtain  enough  plate  glass  to  meet  their 
demands  for  the  best  grade  of  mirrors  for  the  reason  that  the  produc- 
tion of  the  best  grade  of  domestic  plate  has  been  very  limited.  The 
proportion  of  imported  plate  glass  used  by  mirror  manufacturers 
depended  upon  market  conditions  here  and  abroad.  At  times  when 
the  domestic  supply  was  short  imports  increased  and  when  the  Amer- 
ican market  was  depressed  and  the  foreign  market  uniform,  as  has 
been  the  case  since  1905,  the  consumption  of  imported  glass  was 
reduced. 

ROUGH,  ROLLED,  RIBBED,  AND   FLUTED   PLATE   GLASS. 

TARIFF    CLASSIFICATION. 

Tariff  act  of  1913,  paragraph  87,  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough 
plate  ^lass,  or  the  same  containing  a  wire  netting  within  itself,  not 
including  crown,  cylinder,  or  common  window  glass,  not  exceeding 
384  square  inches,  one-half  cent  per  square  foot ;  all  above  that,  1  cent 
per  square  foot;  and  all  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  ^lass, 
weighing  over  100  pounds  per  100  square  feet,  shall  pay  an  additional 
duty  on  the  excess  at  the  same  rates  herein  imposed:  Provided,  That 
all  of  ihe  above  plate  glass  when  ground,  smoothed,  or  otherwise 
obscured,  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  rate  of  duty  as  cast.  r»oli«hArl 
plate  glass,  unsilvered. 

DESCRIPTION    AND   TTSF«. 

Rough  plate  glass  is  an  intermediate  product  which  seldom  enters 
the  open  market.  Plastic  glass  is  poured  on  the  casting  table,  rolled 
to  any  desired  thickness,  and  then  annealed.  In  the  ordinary  course 
of  events  the  rough  slab  is  sent  direct  to  the  polishing  room,  but  small 
amounts  enter  the  market  as  substitutes  for  obscured  glass. 

Fluted  and  other  rolled  plate  glass  are  produced  by  passing  the 
plastic  glass  slab  through  corrugated  or  engraved  rolls.  Flaws  can 
not  be  detected  in  this  class  of  material  and  for  this  reason  a  cheaper 
grade  of  glass  can  be  used  than  is  necessary  for  polished  plate. 

Rolled  plate  glass  is  consumed  in  large  quantities  by  window  manu- 
facturers for  skylights,  factory  windows,  and,  in  fact,  for  all  work 
where  transparency  is  unnecessary  or  objectionable.  The  product 
has  many  advantages  not  possessed  by  polished  plate.  It  is  cheaper 
than  either  polished  or  ground  glass  because  no  material  is  lost  through 
a  polishing  operation  and  the  entire  cost  of  grinding  or  polishing  is 
ehminated.  The  rough  surface  acts  like  a  large  number  of  prisms 
which  disperse  the  light  and  convert  the  sun's  rays  into  an  even 
illumination.  The  material  is  translucent  and  is  ideal  for  all  uses 
■where  transparency  is  not  important. 


TARIFF   IXFOEMATION   SUEATSYS. 


Ill 


PRODUCTIOX. 

Rolled  glass  is  produced  by  the  plate  and  window  glass  manufac- 
turers and  tlie  protluction  figures  are  not  kept  separate.  In  1917 
21  companies  operating  25  factories  in  seven  States  were  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  rough  rolled,  wire  glass,  and  other  mit  glass 
specialties.     The  production  is  considerable  and  is  increasing. 

IMPORTS. 

The  importations  of  rough  and  rolled  plate  glass  ranged  from 
$13,000  to  $16,000  per  annum  during  the  period  fi'om  1010  to  1914. 
Imports  decreased  during  the  war  and  in  1919  (calendar  year)  the 
importations  were  only  $1,448.  The  bulk  of  the  imports  before  the 
war  consisted  of  glass  larger  than  384  square  inches,  but  importations 
of  the  larger  sizes  decreased  rapidly  after  1914,  and  during  1916,  1917, 
and  1918  most  of  the  material  was  384  inches  in  area. 

Rolled,  ribbed,  fluted,  or  rough  plate  glass — Summary  of  imports  for  consuviption. 


Not  ex- 
ceeding 
384  square 
inches. 

384  to  720 
square 
inches. 

Over  720 
square 
inches. 

Over  384 
square 
inches. 

Total. 

Fiscal  vear : 

1910 

^,367 
5,066 
4,489 
5,067 
1,684 
3,630 
5,226 
2,691 
1,202 
1,178 

3,161 

$6 

8 

Sll,993 

8,096 

10,025 

9,341 

1,118 

S16,366 

1911 

13, 170 

1912 

14,514 

1913.                      

404 
166 

14, 812 

1914'   

2,968 

1914  2 

S8,609 

7,516 

1,835 

800 

1,061 

710 
1,448 
2,941 

12,239 

1915 

12,724 

1916                               .              

4,626 

1917.                            

2,002 

1918.           

2,239 

Calendar  year: 

1918                    

3,871 

1919.               

1,448 

1920 

2,435 

5,376 

1  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  un  Jer  act  of  1909.         2  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  Juno  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 
TARIFF    HISTORY. 

The  following  is  a  table  of  the  tariff  classifiq^tion  of  rough,  rolled, 
ribbed,  and  fluted  plate  glass  in  the  various  tariff  acts  since  1883. 
In  all  the  acts  mentioned,  material  weighing  more  than  100  pounds 
per  100  sc^uare  feet  is  subject  to  duty  on  the  excess  at  the  same  rates. 
In  the  act  of  1890  and  all  subsequent  acts,  glass  of  this  nature 
which  had  been  ground  or  obscured  was  dutiable  at  the  rate  applicable 
to  cast  polished  plate  glass. 

[In  cents  per  square  foot.] 


Tarifl  act  of— 


Not  ex- 
ceeding 150 
square 
inches. 


More  than 
150,  but 
not  ox- 

cccding384 
square 
inches. 


Not  ex- 
ceeding 384 
sciuare 
inches. 


More  than 
3H4.1mt 
not  ex- 
ceeding 720 
s(iuare 
inches. 


More  than 

72()s(iuarc 

inches. 


More  than 

3S4  siiuaro 

inches. 


1883  I. 
1890'. 
1894  1. 
1897'. 
1909.. 
1913.. 


1  in  the  acts  prior  to  1909  specific  sizes  were  mentioned  as  limits  (10  by  15, 16  by  24,  24  by  30,  and  above 
24  by  30  instead  of  the  equivalent  number  of  square  inches. 


112  TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 

COMPETITIVE    CONDITIONS. 

Domestic  manufacturers  are  in  a  position  to  manufacture  rolled 
plate  glass  very  efficiently.  The  manufacturing  process  is  largely 
machine  work  and  the  labor  factor  is  reduced  to  a  minimum  by  the 
use  of  handling  and  conveying  machine^3^ 

Rolled  plate  glass  competes  with  polished  plate  glass,  cylinder  glass^ 
and  ground  glass.  It  is  cheaper  than  either  polished  or  ground  plate^ 
but  more  expensive  than  common  window  glass. 

PLATE   GLASS,  GROUND   OR   OTHER^V^SE   OBSCURED. 

Tariff  act  of  1913,  paragraph  87,  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough 
plate  glass,  or  the  same  containing  a  wire  netting  within  itself,  not 
including  crown,  cylinder,  or  common  window  glass,  *  *  *:  Pro- 
vided, That  all  of  the  above  plate  glass,  when  ground,  smoothed,  or 
otherwise  obscured,  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  rate  of  duty  as  cast 
polished  plate  glass  unsilvered. 

DESCRIPTION    AND   USES. 

Ground  glass  is  an  intermediate  product  produced  during  the  pol- 
ishing operation.  The  abrasives  used  wear  away  the  inequalities 
originally  present  in  the  rough  glass  surface,  but  make  scratches 
which  render  the  material  translucent.  When  the  plate  is  polished, 
the  ground  surface  is  smoothed  with  very  fine  abrasive  powder  and 
finally  with  rouge.  Occasionally  special  effects  are  produced  on 
rolled  and  ribbed  plate  by  etching,  sand  blasting,  or  other  means. 

Ground  and  obscured  glass  finds  a  wide  market  in  the  building^ 
trades  for  door  and  transom  windows  and  all  other  installations 
where  transparency  is  objectionable.  Camera  manufacturers  con- 
sume large  quantities  of  high-grade  thin  ground  plate  glass.  It  is 
used  for  focusing  plates  in  plate  and  portrait  cameras. 

PRODUCTION. 

Ground  and  obscurM  rough  or  rolled  plate  glass  is  grouped  with, 
other  plate  glass  in  the  census  statistics,  and  no  separate  production 
figures  are  available.  Production  is  not  increasing  in  line  with  that 
of  other  glass  products  because  of  the  competition  offered  by  rolled 
plate  glass  and  the  decreasing  consumption  in  the  photographic 
trade  because  of  increased  use  of  films. 

EXPORTS. 

No  export  figures  are  available. 

IMPORTS. 

Below  is  a  summary  of  the  imports  of  ground  and  obscured  rolled 
glass.  A  marked  decrease  will  be  noted  during  the  period  1911  to 
1913  and  a  large  increase  during  1914.  With  the  outbreak  of  the 
war  German  and  Belgium  ground  glass  ceased  to  be  a  factor  and  in 
consequence  imports  decreased. 


TARIFF  INFORMATION  SURVEYS. 

OBSCURED  PLATE  GLASS. 

Summary  of  imports  for  constimption,  by  size. 


113 


Fiscal  year. 

Not  exceed- 
ing 3S4 
square 
inches. 

384,  but  not 

exceeding 

720  square 

inches. 

More  than 

720  S(iuare 

inches. 

Total. 

Fiscal  year: 

1910 

812,810 

6,665 

1,215 

489 

$65,212 

95,427 

32,265 

588 

2,925 

57,796 

310 

107 

$3,862 
3,130 
6,424 
1,170 

S8I  884 

1911 

105^222 
39  904 

1912 

1913 

2,247 

2,925 

123  992 

1914' 

1914  2 

13,421 

52,775 
764 

1915 

1  074 

1916 

17 

394 

124 

1917 

8 

402 

1918 

327 

809 
43,952 

64 

10,952 
194,932 

391 

Calendar  year: 

1918 

1,996 
14,630 

13  757 

1919 

253,514 

'  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  the  act  of  H!09. 

s  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  the  act  of  1913. 

TARIFF    HISTORY. 

Ground  or  obscured  rough  or  rolled  plate  glass  has  been  dutiable 
at  the  same  rates  as  cast  polished  plate  glass  in  the  tariff  acts  from 
1890  to  1913.  This  product  was  not  specially  provided  for  in  the 
act  of  1883.  In  the  act  of  1909  the  classification  was  changed  from 
size  limitations  based  upon  plates  of  various  sizes  to  limitations  based 
upon  the  area  regardless  of  the  dimensions. 

Summary  of  tariffs  on  ground  glass,  1883  to  1913,  per  square  foot,  by  size. 


Tariff  act. 

Not  ex- 
ceeding 
16  by  24 
inches. 

16  by  24, 
but  not 
exceeding 
24  by  30 
inches. 

24  by  30, 
but  not 
exceeding 
24  by  60 
inches. 
- 

More  than 
24  by  60 
inches. 

1883' 

CeiUs. 

Cents. 

Cents. 

Cents. 

1890 

5 

8 
10 

25 
22J 
22J 

SO 

1894 

35 

1897 

5 

35 

Fiscal  year. 

Not  ex- 
ceeding 
384  square 
inches. 

384  but  not 

exceeding 

720  square 

inches. 

More  than 

720  square 

inches. 

1909                      

Cents. 
10 
6 

Cents. 
12i 

8 

Cents. 
22i 

1913                      

12 

1  Not  specially  provided  for. 
COMPETITIVE    CONDITIONS. 

Thin  plate  glass,  like  that  used  for  photographic  purposes,  must 
be  polished  with  great  care  in  order  to  avoid  breakage.  This  neces- 
sitates a  large  amount  of  handwork,  which  can  be  done  cheaper 
abroad  where  wages  are  lower  than  in  domestic  shops. 

The  competition  of  rolled  plate  glass  in  keenly  felt  in  the  ground- 
glass  industry,  because  it  satisfies  all  requirements  for  obscured 
plate  glass  at  much  less  cost  than  is  possible  when  using  ground  glass. 

47578— 21— B-9 8 


114 


TARIPF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


STATISTICAL  TABLES. 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered — Production  in  United  States. 
[From  Federal  Census.] 


Year. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

1899 

Square  feet. 
16,883,578 
27, 293, 138 
47,370,254 
60,383,516 

$5,158,598 
7,978,253 
12,204  875 

1904 

1909 

1914 

14,773,787 

Rough,  paired,  and  obscured  plate  glass — Production  in  United  States. 
[From  Federal  Census.] 


Year. 

Obscured  glass. 

Wired  glass. 

Rough  plate  glass. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

1899 

Square  feet. 
12,526,055 

21,870,634 

§732,338 
972,014 

1,358,574 

2,417,253 

Square  feet. 

0) 

(1) 

(') 
/    2  1, 707, 848 
\  3  13, 980, 996 

(') 

(') 

(') 

$534,322 
1,056,612 

Square  feet. 

628, 684 

17, 784 

205, 690 

1          131,492 

$75,887 

1904 

3,529 

1909 

1914 

22,815,946 
43,040,079 

37,431 
25,859 

>  Not  separately  stated.  2  Polished  glass.  3  Rough  or  rolled  glass. 

Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  unsilvered — Imports  by  countries  {fiscal  years). 


Imported  from— 


Belgium 

France 

Germany 

Netherlands. 

England 

All  other 


Total. 


1910 


Square  feet.      Value, 


2,534,390 

75,203 

231, 844 

184, 584 

92,258 

299 


3,118,578 


$563,057 
17,342 
57,839 
40, 924 
13, 821 
279 


693, 262 


Square  feet.      Value, 


3, 270, 356 

144,879 

420, 523 

287,088 

32, 102 

406 


4,155,354 


$730, 568 

37,256 

106, 104 

61, 155 

5,569 

272 


940, 924 


Square  feet.      Value. 


1,160,790 
28,275 
184,140 
12, 750 
36,089 
238 


1,422,282 


$274,831 

13, 544 

46,816 

2,589 

6,689 

350 


344,819 


Imported  from- 


Belgium 

France 

Germany 

Netherlands . 

England 

Another 


Total. 


1913 


1,121,907 
76, 271 
75,644 
2,000 
2,968 
212 


1,279,002 


$262,341 

32,964 

24,263 

453 

1,400 

184 


321, 605 


1914 


2, 943, 
31, 
86, 
44, 
81, 


16,401 
22, 953 

9,417 
12,118 

2,511 


3,195,947  727,889 


1915 


309, 542 
4,722 
22,823 
15,003 
27,273 
18,246 


397,609 


871,443 
2,187 
8,294 
3,472 
7,292 
5,483 


98, 171 


Imported  from— 

1916 

1917 

1918 

Belgium 

1,698 

154 

2,222 

$373 

89 

1,114 

85 

477 

458 

7,321 

$34 

104 

766 

12,592 

France 

Germany 

England 

All  other 

4,550 

1,977 

140 

IS 



Total 

8,624 

3,553 

8,341 

13,496 

140 

8 

Plate  glass,  cast,  polished — Imports  by  countries  (calendar  years). 

Imported  from  Canada:  In  1918,  273  square  feet,  valued  at  $210;  in  1919,  4,173  square  feet,  valued 
at  $3,055. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  115 

Plate  glass,  cast,  polished — Suminarij  of  imports  for  consumption. 


Imports  by  sizes 

(square  inches). 

Not  exceeding 

384 

720 

Further  advanced. 

Total. 

More  than 

384 

720 

Bent,  etc. 

Silvered. 

Both. 

Fiscal  year: 

1910 

$98, 507 

82,852 

20, 914 

9,131 

41,314 

17, 760 

627 

34 

$454,  240 
587, 370 
139, 725 
17.5,509 
401, 977 
52,056 
773 

$149,292 
183,685 
115, 812 
62,375 
188,327 
30,584 
2,378 
13,753 

$24, 185 
39,530 
28,262 
47,449 
62,228 
14,531 
2,726 
1,542 

$1,946 

2,865 

403 

527 

4,861 

994 

515 

116 

82 

23 
175 

$779 
2,486 
1,696 
1,0(M 
5,854 
2,152 
2,135 
35 
94 

100 

77 

$728,949 
898,788 

1911 

1912 

306,  812 

1913 

295, 995 

1914 

704,561 

1915 

118,077 
9,154 

1916 

1917 

15,  4S0 

1918 

176 

Calendar  year: 

191S 

1           : 

210 

333 

1919 

488 

228 

2,339 

3,307 

Plate  ylass,  cast,  polished,  finished  or  unfinished,  and  unsilvered,  or  the  same  containing 
a  wire  netting  within  itself — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

Fi.scal  vear: 

1907 

1908. 

Not  exceeding  16  by 
24  inches. 

8  cents  per  square 

foot. 
.    -do... 

Square  feet. 
1,207,575.78 

442,861.52 

345, 560. 49 

3,973.53 

505, 478. 10 

390, 159. 29 
92, 174. 94 
29, 885. 94 
12,291.63 

149,864.63 

70,978.00 

1,208.00 

85.00 

705.00 

$224,238.00 

85,817.53 

57,637.00 

858.00 

97,649.00 

82,852.00 

20,914.00 

9,131.00 

3,653.00 

37,661.00 

17,760.00 

627.00 

34.00 

$96,606.08 

35,428.91 

27,044.85 

317.88 

50,547.84 

39,015.93 
9,217.53 
2,988,60 
1,229.17 
8,991.87 

4,258.68 

72.48 

5.10 

$0. 185 

.194 
.167 
.216 

.193 

.212 
.227 
.306 
.297 
.251 

.250 
.519 
.400 

.692 

Per  cent. 
43.08 

41.29 

1909 

1910' 

...  .do 

48.00 

do 

37.05 

1910  2 

Not  exceeding  S84 
square  inches. 

10  cents  per  square 

foot. 
..  ..do 

51.76 

1911. 

47.09 

1912 

do 

44.07 

1913 

-do...             .  . 

32.73 

1914  3  ... 

.do 

33. 65 

1914  * 

6  cents  per  square 
foot, 
.do 

23.88 

1915. 

23.98 

1916.. 

...  .do 

11.56 

1917 

do 

15.00 

Calendar  year: 
1919.        .  .. 

do 

488.00             42.30 

8.67 

1  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

2  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

3  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  undor  act  of  1909. 

«  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


116 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  finished  or  unfinished,  and  unsihered — Imports  for  covsvmp' 

tion — Revenue. 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

Fiscal  vear: 

1907 

Above    16    by    U 
inches  and  not  ex- 
ceeding 2i  by  30 
inches. 

10  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

Square  feet. 
4,577,059.11 

2,590,301.94 

1,611,845.42 

49,705.83 

2,057,276.79 

2,800,541.63 
616, 169. 44 
806,431.78 
174,458.46 

1,741,103.35 

246, 766. 00 
2,606.00 

287.00 

741,947.26 

643,715.38 

300,010.77 

14,813.00 

511,860.48 

683,278.30 

402,398.80 

232, 109. 74 

53,003.48 

688,&88.97 

122,974.00 
9,968.00 
13,399.00 

3,181.00 

180,913.26 

150,345.04 
22,517.28 
7,068.00 

$929,259.00 

548,115.47 

349,260.00 

10,819.00 

443,421.00 

587,369.62 
139,725.25 
175,509.00 
38, 652. 00 
363,325.00 

52,056.00 
773.00 

228.00 

204,263.00 

172,206.00 

85,719.00 

4,393.00 

143,072.00 

183,685.00 
115,812.33 
62,375.00 
14.488.00 
173,839.00 

30,584.00 
2,378.00 
13,753.00 

2,339.00 

40,687.00 

42,762.00 
7,269.00 
1,827.00 

$457,705.85 

259,030.22 

161,184.55 

4,970.56 

257,159.76 

350,067.81 
77,021.07 

100,804.04 
21,807.32 

139,288.26 

19,741.28 
208.48 

22.96 

166,938.25 

144,836.03 

67,502.46 

3.332.91 

115,168.66 

153, 737. 73 
90,539.79 
52,224.70 
11,92.5.80 
82,666.68 

14,756.88 
1,196.16 
1,607.88 

381.72 

63,319.63 

52,620.80 
7,881.07 
2,473.80 

$0,203 

.212 
.217 
.218 

.216 

.210 
.227 
.218 
.222 
.209 

.211 
.297 

.794 

0.275 

.268 
.286 
.297 

.279 

.269 
.288 
.269 
.273 
.252 

.249 
.239 
1.026 

.735 

.225 

.284 
.323 
.258 

Per  cent. 
49.25 

1908 

47.25 

1909. 

do 

46.15 

1910' 

do 

45.94 

1910" 

Above  SSi  and  not 
exceeding        720 
square  inches. 

12i      cents      per 

square  foot. 
do 

57.99 

1911. 

59.60 

1912 

do 

55.12 

1913 

do 

57.43 

1914».... 

do 

56.42 

1914  < 

8  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

38.34 

1915. 

37.92 

1916 

do 

26.97 

Calendar  year: 
1919. 

do 

10.07 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Above  24   by  SO 
inches  and  not  ex- 
ceeding 24  by  60 
inches. 

22i      cents      per 

square  foot. 
do       

81.73 

1908 

84.10 

1909 

do 

78.75 

1910' 

19103 

1911 

do 

Above  720  square 
inches. 

22J       cents       per 

square  foot. 
do 

75.87 

80.50 
83.70 

1912          

do       

78.17 

1913  

do 

83.73 

19143 

1914<      

do 

12  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do       

82.32 
47.55 

1915      

48.25 

1916 

do   

50.30 

1917 

do       

11.69 

Calendar  year: 
1919 

do       

16.32 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

1908 

Above  94  by  60 
inches. 

35  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do     

155.62 
123.00 

1909 

do 

108. 42 

1910> 

do 

135.40 

» July  1  to  Aug.  5, 1909,  under  act  of  1897. 
'Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 


'  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913.  under  act  of  1909. 
1  Oct.  4. 1913,  to  June  30,  imder  act  of  1913. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


117 


Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  unsilvered,  when  bent,  around,  obsctired,  frosted,  sanded,  enam- 
eled, beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  fiashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or  otheruise 
ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Not  exceeding  16  by 
24  inches. 

8  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do. 

Square  feet. 
8,601.29 

17,212.00 
13,290.00 
2,311.64 

40,423.40 

58,368.65 
34,718.00 
46,289.81 
9,441.00 
50,285.63 

12,049.00 
538.00 
736.00 

132.00 

24,069.34 

19,089.00 
935.00 

13,504.00 

14,572.00 
8,249.00 
3,412.00 
1,700.00 
8,841.32 

994.00 
139. 00 

76.00 

6,954.25 

8,107.00 
1              116.00 

$6,935.00 

5,282.00 
7,457.00 
1,330.00 

18,644.00 

31,046.00 
18,719.00 
26,649.00 
6,344.00 
21,616.00 

6,649.00 
279.00 
823.00 

94.00 

7,264.00 

4,325.00 
378.00 

3,024.00 

3,286.00 
3,010.00 
2,114.00 
854.00 
3,804.00 

476.  00 
31.00 

66.00 

2,330.00 

2,198.00 
59.00 

Jl,034.85 

1,641.06 

1,436.05 

251. 43 

4,974.54 

7,389.17 
4,407.75 
5,961.43 
1,261.30 
3,881.78 

988.90 
43.44 

77.08 

11.68 

2,770.13 

2, 125. 15 
112.  40 

1,839.21 

1,985.81 

1,181.65 

532.22 

255.  20 

859.  47 

98.56 
12.  .36 

8.72 

1,681.20 

1,9.33.97 
29.0*5 

$0,806 

.307 
.561 
.575 

.461 

.532 
..539 
.576 
.672 
.430 

.552 
.519 
1.118 

.712 

.302 

227 
!404 

.224 

.226 
.365 
.619 
.502 
.430 

.479 
.223 

.868 

.335 

.271 
.509 

Per  cent. 
14.91 

1908 

31.07 

1909 

do 

19.26 

1910 1       

do       

18.90 

1910'      

Not  exceeding  384 
square  inches. 

10  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do. 

26.68 

1911 

23.80 

1912        

do 

23.55 

1913 

do       

22.37 

1914  ' 

do 

19.88 

1914  <      

6  cents  per  square 
foot  and  4  per 
cent. 

do 

17.96 

1915 

14.87 

1916              

do 

15.57 

1917              ..   . 

do 

9.37 

Calendar  year: 
1918 

do       

12.43 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Above  16  by  24  inches 
and  not  exceeding 
24  by  30  inches. 

10  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 
....  do  

38.13 

1908 

49.13 

1909 

....  do 

29  7^ 

19102 

1911 

Above  384  and  not 
ezceeding        720 
square  inches. 

12§  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

60. 82 
60.43 

1912 

do 

39. 26 

1913 

do 

25.18 

1914  « 

do 

29.88 

1914  < 

8  cents  per  square 
foot  and  4  per 
cent. 

do 

22. 55 

1915 

20.70 

1917 

....  do 

39.8' 

Calendar  year: 
1918 

do 

13.21 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Above  S4  by  30  inches 
and  not  exceeding 
24  by  60  inches. 

22  J  cen  ts  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

72  U 

1908 

87. 9< 

1909 

do 

49.2 

»  July  1  to  Vu?.  5,  1909.  uoder  act  of  1897. 

«  Au?.  6,  19D9,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 


'  Juh'  1  to  Oct.  3.  1913.  under  act  of  1909. 

♦  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913  . 


118 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  unsilvered,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded,  enam- 
eled, beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or  othenvise 
ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue— Continued. 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 

quantity. 

Actual  and 
computed 
ad  valorem 
rate. 

Fiscal  year— 

1910< 

1911 

Above   720  square 
inches. 

23i  cents  per  square 
"foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

Square  feet. 
2,893.00 

11,015.00 
10, 137.  00 
38, 487. 00 
5, 758. 00 
64,  779.  75 

14,078.00 
6, 609. 00 
2, 459. 00 

65.00 

14,767.00 

12,051.83 
173. 00 
84.00 

$1,162.00 

5,198.00 
6,  .533. 00 

18,686.00 
2, 750. 00 

26, 860. 00 

7, 406. 00 

2,447.00 

688.00 

50.00 

6,324.00 

4,050.00 
72.00 
25.00 

$709. 03 

2, 738. 28 
2,607.50 
9,593.89 
1,433.05 

8,847.97 

1,985.60 
890. 96 
322. 60 

9.80 

5, 484. 65 

4,420.64 
64.15 
30.65 

$0,402 

.472 
.644 
.486 
.478 
.415 

.526 
.370 
.280 

.769 

.429 

.3.36 
.416 

.298 

Per  cent. 
"61.00 

52.68 

1912 

..do 

39.91 

1913 

do 

51.34 

1914  1  .. 

.  ...do 

52.11 

19142 

1915 

12  cents  per  square 
foot  and  4  per 
cent. 

do 

32.94 
26.81 

1916  ... 

do  

36.41 

1917 .•» 

do 

46.89 

Calendar  year: 
1918 

....  do 

19.60 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Above    S4    by    60 
inches. 

35  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 
do 

86.72 

1908 

109.15 

1909  .. 

.  ...do  

89.10 

19103 

do 

122. 60 

1  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1918,  under  act  of  1909. 

2  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

3  July  1  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

<  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  10,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 

Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  exceeding  in  size  144  square 
inches — Imports  for  consumption— Revenue . 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

1 
Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Not  exceeding  16  by 
U  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

Square  feet. 
712. 75 

161.31 
109. 15 

827. 78 

3,312.50 
779.50 
425.47 
162. 62 

5,501.39 

807.00 
2.00 
2.00 
18.00 

2.00 
1.00 

$179.00 

79.00 
54.00 

231.00 

718.00 
141.00 
175.00 
56. 00 
1,228.00 

2.37.00 
2.00 
8.00 
17.00 

10.00 
1.00 

$78.41 

17.75 
12.01 

91.06 

364. 38 
85. 75 
46.81 
17.89 

385. 10 

56.49 

.14 

.14 

1.26 

.14 
.07 

$0.  251 

.489 
.495 

.279 

.217 
.181 
.411 
.344 
.223 

.294 
1.00 
4.00 

.944 

5.00 
1.00 

Per  cent. 
43.80 

1908 

22.47 

1909 

do 

22.24 

1910 

Not  exceeding  SS4 
square  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

39.42 

1911 

50.75 

1912 

do 

60.82 

1913 

do 

26.75 

1914' 

do 

Zl.^b 

19142 

7  cents  per  square 

foot. 
do 

31.36 

1915 

23.83 

1916 

do 

7.00 

1917 

do 

1.75 

1918  

do 

7.35 

Calendar  year: 
1918 

do 

1.40 

1919 

do 

7.00 

July  I  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


«  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


119 


Plole  gUiss,  cast,  polished,  silvered,  and  looking-glass  plates,  exceeding  in  size  J44  sqtiart. 
inches — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 


Rate  of  dutv. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Fiscal  year: 
1907 


190S. 
1909. 


1910. 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  1. 


1915 

1916 

1918 

Calendar  year; 
1919 


Fiscal  year: 
1907.... 


1908. 
1909. 


1910  2. 


1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
19141. 


1915 

1916 

1917 

1918 

Calendar  year: 

1918 

1919 


Fiscal  year: 
1907.... 


1908. 
1909. 


Above  16  by  24 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  $4  by  30 
inches. 

13  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Above  384  o,rid  not 
exceeding  720 
square  inches. 

13  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 

9  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 


.do. 


Above  24  by  SO 
inches  and  not  ex- 
ceeding 24  by  GO 
inches. 

25  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Above  720  square 
inches. 

25  cents  per  square 

foot. 

....do 

....do 

....do 

13  cents  per  square 

foot. 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 


.do. 
.do. 


Above    24    by    60 
inches. 

38  cents  per  square 
foot. 

....do 

....do 


Square  ftet. 
3,610.05 

2, 437. 93 
85.89 


4,396.50 

2,002.00 
22.75 
55.00 

2,819.50 

59.00 

2, 403. 00 

66.00 


13,000.81 

67.00 
874. 31 


1,149.50 

4,937.61 
578.  t)7 
351.  48 

9, 565. 95 

1, 726.  00 
142.00 
33. 00 
95.00 

21.00 
86.00 


4,789.50 

60.00 
92.00 


$1,190.00 

673. 00 
66.00 


1,198.00 

696.00 
37.00 
48.00 

656. 00 

21.00 

241.00 

18.00 


4,157.00 


97.00 
261.00 


516.  84 

1,451.00 
225. 00 
304.00 

2,921.00 

736. 00 

272.00 

108. 00 

47.00 

13.00 
153.00 


1,944.00 

79.00 
152.00 


$469.31 


316.94 
11.16 


571.56 

260. 26 
2.96 
7.15 

253.  76 

5.31 

216. 27 
5.94 


3,400.20 

16.75 

218. 58 


287. 37 

1,234.40 
144.67 

87.87 
1,243.58 

224. 38 
18.46 

4.29 
12.35 

2.73 
11.18 


1,820.01 

22.80 
34.96 


SO.  329 


.276 
.768 


.272 

.347 
1.63 
.873 
.233 

.356 

.10 

.273 

2.333 


1.45 
.299 


.450 

.294 
.389 
.865 
.305 

.426 
1.915 
3. 273 

.495 

.619 
1.779 


.406 


1.32 
1.65 


Per  cent. 
39. 44 


2S.86 
23.00 


1  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  Jiuie  30,  1914  under  act  of  1913. 

2  Aug.  6, 1900,  to  June  30, 1910,  under  act  of  1909 


120 


TARIFF   INFORMATION    SURVEYS. 


Plati  glass,  cast,  polished,  silvered,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded,  enameled, 
beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or  otherwise  orna- 
mented or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue. 


Rate  of  duty. 

Quantity. 

Value. 

Duty 
collected. 

Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 

Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 

FisCiil  year: 

1907 

Not  eiceediug  16  by 
2i  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

Square  feet. 
1, 125. 00 

184.00 
82.00 

10.70 

1,726.25 

274. 53 

13.00 

2,684.80 

898.00 

352. 00 

4.00 

2.00 

879.60 

607.00 
500.00 

426. 10 

617.00 

^i.40 

46.00 

13.00 

9,882.60 

4,720.00 

1,8.50.00 

14.00 

5.00 

13.00 

628.00 

5,176.80 
6,813.36 

1 
J102.00 

68.00 
52.00 

79.00 

784.00 
99.00 
26.00 

804.00 

281.00 
91.00 
10.00 

5.00 

287.00 

190.00 
180.00 

208.00 

274.00 

13.00 

36.00 

9.00 

2,863.00 

1,408.00 

536.00 

35.00 

5.00 

37.00 

236.00 

1,706.00 
2,246.00 

S128.85 

23.64 
11.62 

5.13 

229.09 

35.15 

2.73 

220. 10 

74.10 

28.28 
.68 

.34 

128.70 

88.41 
74.00 

65.80 

93.91 

1.74 

7.78 

2.14 

1,003.94 

481.12 

187.94 

2.66 

.65 

2.65 

168.80 

1,379.51 
1,815.65 

$0,091 

.37 
.634 

7.38 

.454 

.361 

2.00 

.299 

.313 

.259 

2.50 

2  50 

.327 

.313 
.36 

.488 

.444 
1.55 
.783 
.692 
.29 

.298 

.29 

2.50 

1.00 

2.846 

.376 

.33 
..33 

Per  cent. 
125.34 

1908 

34.76 

1909 

do 

22.35 

1910 

Not  exceeding  S8i 
sqiMTt  inches. 

11  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

....  do  

6.47 

1911  

29.22 

1912 

do 

35.51 

1913  

do  

10.50 

19141 

7  cents  per  square 
foot  plus  4  per 
cent. 

....  do 

27.38 

1915 

26.37 

1916 

do 

31.08 

1918 

do  

6.80 

Calendar  year: 
1919 

do 

6.80 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

A  hove  16  by  2i  inches 
and  not  exceeding 
U  by  30  inches. 

13  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do  

44.84 

1908 

46.53 

1909 

....  do 

41.11 

1910 

A  bote  S84  and  not 
exceeding        720 
square  inches. 

13  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

31.63 

1911 

34.27 

1912 

do 

13.38 

1913  

do 

21.61 

1914 « 

do 

23.78 

1914' 

9  cents  per  square 
foot   plus  4  per 
cent. 

do  

35.07 

1915 

34.17 

1916 

....  do 

35.06 

1917 

do 

7.60 

1918 

....  do  

13.00 

Calendar  year: 
1919 

do  

7  1( 

Fiscal  year: 

1907 

Above    24    by    30 
inches  and  not  ex- 
ceeding 24  by  60 
inches. 

25  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

71.  'i 

1908 

80.  ib 

1909 

do 

SI.  i( 

*  Oct.  4,  1913  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  191S 
•July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  under  act  of  1909. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


121 


Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  silvered,  when  bent,  ground,  obscured,  frosted,  sanded,  enam- 
eled, beveled,  etched,  embossed,  engraved,  flashed,  stained,  colored,  painted,  or  otherwise 
ornamented  or  decorated — Imports  for  consumption — Revenue — Continued. 


Fiscal  year: 
1910  1... 


1911.. 
1912. . 
1913.. 
1914  5. 


1915 

1916 

1918 

Calendar  year: 

1918 

1919 


Fiscal  year: 
1907 


1908. 
1909. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Above   720  square 
inches. 

25  cents  per  square 

foot  and  5  per 

cent. 

do 

do 

do 

13  cents  per  square 

foot  plus  4  per 

cent. 

do 

do 

....do 


.do. 
.do. 


Above    24    by    60 
inches. 

38  cents  per  square 
foot  and  5  per 
cent. 

do 

do 


Quantity. 


Square  feet. 
1,212.18 


4,145.44 
4,007.66 
1,451.33 
7,079.00 


1,204.00 

368. 00 

95.00 

12.00 
23.00 


679. 00 


22.33 
91.00 


V^alue. 


J492. 00 


1,428.00 

1,584.00 

942.00 

2, 178. 00 


463.00 

1,508.00 

79.00 

100.00 
35.00 


45.00 


49.00 
75.00 


Duty 
collected. 


S327.65 


1, 107. 76 

1,081.11 

409. 93 

1,007.39 


175. 04 
108. 16 
15.51 

5.56 
4.39 


260. 27 


10.94 
38.33 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


SO.  406 


.344 
.395 
.649 
.308 


.385 

4.098 

.832 

8.333 
1.522 


2.19 
.824 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
66.60 


77.57 
68.25 
43.52 
46.25 


37.81 
7.17 
19.63 

5.56 
12. 54 


578. 38 


22.33 
51.11 


'  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 
2  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Plate  glass,  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough,  or  the  same  containing  a  wire  netting  within 
itself  {excess  of  1  pound  per  square  foot  dutiable  at  same  rates) — Imports  for  consump- 
tion— Revenue. 


Rate  of  duty. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Duty 
collected. 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Fistal  year: 
1907 


1908. 
1909. 


1910.. 
1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914'. 
1914*. 
1915.. 
1916.. 
1917.. 


1918 

(  alendar  year: 
1918 


Not  exceeding  16  by 
24  inches. 

fj  cent  per  sq.  ft. 
LJ  cent  per  pound. 

....do 


.do. 


Not  exceeding  3H4 
square  inchrs. 


cent  per  sq.  ft. 
cent  per  pound. 

...do 


.do. 


...do 

...do 

cent  per  sq.  ft. 
cent  per  pound . 

...do 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 

.do. 


Square  feet  ex- 
cess (pounds). 
89,344.00 
10,501.00 
106,256.00 
23,438.00 
110,858.00 
13,114.00 


f   10,181 


1,010. 


$2, 520. 00 
3,124.00 
3,852.00 

4,307.00 
5,006.00 
4, 489. 00 
5,067.00 
1,684.00 
3,630.00 
5, 226. 00 
2,691.00 
1,202.00 
1,178.00 

3,161.00 


$670. 07 
78.75 
790.90 
175. 77 
831.48 
98.35 


1,057.70 
254.05 

1,335.06 
265. 05 
838.52 
178. 74 

1,184.01 
204.33 

443. 14 
726. 70 
960. 31 
199. 54 
44.03 
28.31 

58.96 


$0. 028 
.029 
.035 


.310 


Per  cent. 
29.72 


31.14 
24.14 


031 

30.03 

028 

31.59 

040 

22.06 

032 

23.37 

032 

26.31 

032 

20.02 

036 

18.38 

094 

7.42 

164 

3.66 

291 

2.40 

1.87 


'  July  1  to  Oct.  3, 1913,  under  act  of  1909.  2  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


122 


TAKIFF  INFORMATIOIN'   SUltVEYS. 


Plate  glass,  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough,  or  the  same  containing  a  wire  netting  ivithin 
itself  (excess  of  1  pound  per  square  foot  dutiable  at  same  rates) — Imports  for  consump- 
tion— Revenue — Continued. 


Fsscal  year: 
1908.... 
1909.... 


1910.. 
1911.. 

1913.. 
19141 


1907. 


1908. 
1909. 


1910. 
1911. 
1912. 


1913.. 
19141 


1914  2  , 

1915.. 
1916.. 
1917.. 


1918 

Talendar  years: 

1918 

1919 


Rate  of  duty. 


Above  16  by  24 
inches  and  not 
exceeding  24  by 
SO  iTichcs. 

licentsper  sq.ft. 
do 


Above  S84  and  not 
exceeding  720 
square  inches. 

IJ  cents  per  sq.  ft.. 

do 

fli  cents  per  sq.ft.. 
[l\  cents  per  pound 
fU  cents  per  sq.ft. . 
U  j  cents  per  pound 

Above     24    by  30 
inches 

fl| cents  persq.  ft.. 
Ulcents  per  pound, 
fljcents persq.  ft. . 
m  cents  per  pound. 
Ijcents  persq.  ft.. 

Above   720  sqiiare 
iiKhes. 

/Ifcents  per  sq.ft.. 
UJcents  per  pound. 
IJcentspej'sq.  ft. . 
/I  J  cents  per  sq.ft.. 
ulcents  per  pound. 
(If  cents  per  sq.ft.. 
Llf  cents  per  pound. 
fl|  cents  per  sq.ft.. 
l1|  cents  per  pound. 

Above  S84  square 
inches. 

1  cent  per  sq.  ft... 
1  cent  per  pound... 
1  cent  per  sq.  ft... 
1  cent  per  pound.. 
1  cent  per  sq.  ft. .. 
1  cent  per  sq.  ft. . . 
1  cent  per  pound.. 
1  cent  per  sq.  ft... 
1  cent  per  pound . . 

1  cent  per  sq.ft... 
1  cent  perpoudd.. 
1  cent  per  sq.  ft... 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Square  feet. 
1,468.00 
7, 061. 00 


30.00 

104.00 

6, 674. 00 

328. 00 

3, 800. 00 

1,236.00 

Square   feet 

excess 

(pounds). 

255, 328. 50 

10,910.00 

264,317.00 

10,417.00 

166, 750. 00 


196,474.00 

3,621.00 

157, 731. 00 

199, 370. 00 

1S7. 00 

214,676.00 

6, 402. 00 

29, 552. 00 

2, 662. 00 


237, 348. 00 

162,816.00 
3,392.00  '/ 
40,658.00  I 
10,919.00  i\. 
2,700.00  !/ 
13,625.00  ,\ 
21.00    / 

8,256.00   \ 
21.00   / 
15,474.00 


$49.00 
431.00 


6.00 
8.00 

404. 00 
166. 00 


13, 835. 00 

12, 527. 00 
9, 290. 00 


11,993.00 
8, 096. 00 
10,025.00 

9,341.00 

1,118.00 


8,609.00 

7, 516. 00 

1,835.00 

800.00 

1,061.00 

710. 00 
1,448.00 


Duty 
collected. 


$18. 36 
88.26 


.38 

1.30 

83.43 

4.10 

62.95 


4, 468. 27 

190.92 

4,625.56 

182. 29 

2,918.11 

3, 438. 30 

63.38 

2, 760. 30 

3, 488. 98 

3.27 

3,756.84 

112.04 

563. 74 


2, 373. 48 

1, 662. 08 
406. 58 
136. 19 

136.46 

82.77 
154. 74 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


.033 
.061 


.200 
.077 

.06 
.044 


.047 
.056 


.036 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
37.47 
20.48 


6.34 
16.25 


20.65 
37.92 


33.68 

38.38 
31.41 


061 

29.20 

051 

34.09 

050 

34.84 

043 

40.22 

038 

50.42 

27.57 


046 

22.11 

045 

22.16 

073 

17.02 

078 

12.86 

086 

11.66 

094 

10.69 

>  July  1  to  Oct.  3,  1913,  underact  of  1909. 

»  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


123 


Plate  glass,  Jlxited,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough,  ground,  smoothed,  or  otherwise  obscured  (excess 
oj  1  pound  per  square  foot  dutiable  at  savie  rates) — Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue. 


Fiscal  vear: 

1907 

1908 

1909 

1910>  ... 


19102 
1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  3 
1916. . 
1917. . 


Calendar  year: 
1919 


Fiscal  year: 
1907 


1908.. 
1909.. 
19101. 


1910S. 

1911.. 
1912.. 
1913.. 
1914  3. 
1914<. 


1915 

1916 

1918 

Calendar  year: 
1919 


Fiscal  year: 
1907 


1908. 
1909. 


Rates  of  duty. 


Not  exceeding  16  by 
2J,  inches. 

8  cents  per  sq .  ft . . 

do 

do 

do 


Not  exceeding  384 
square  inches. 

10  cents  per  sq.  ft.. 

do 

do 

do 

6  cents  per  sq.  ft . . 

do 

do 


.do. 


Above  16  by  2i  inches 
and  not  exceeding 
24  by  30  inches. 

10  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do , 

....do 

....do 


Quantity. 


Above  384  and  not 
exceeding  720 
square  inches. 

12i  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

8  cents  per  square 

foot. 

do 

do 

do 


-do. 


Above  24  by  30  inches 
and  not  exceeding 
24  by  60  inches. 

22J  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Square  feet. 
74,204.40 
77,051.00 
16,309.38 
18, 885. 90 


48,717.22 

31,141.17 

5,407.00 

3, 147. 00 

65,297.00 

70.00 

5,944.00 


5, 455. 00 


369, 165. 76 

369,078.55 

421,648.30 

21.433.33 


277,462.84 

436,615.39 

140,387.00 

2,267.00 

13,746.00 

309,510.00 

1,533.00 

419.00 

3,867.00 

1,119.00 


64,515.76 

28, 838. 40 
19,784.55 


Value. 


$13,981.00 
12, 541. 00 
3,244.00 
3, 573. 00 


9, 237. 00 

6,665.00 

1,215.00 

489. 00 

13,421.00 

17.00 

394. 00 


1,996.00 


$75,031.00 

79,670.00 

94, 821  00 

4,818.00 


60,394.00 

95,427.00 
32,265.00 
588.00 
2,925.00 
57,796.00 

310. 00 
107.00 
327. 00 

809. 00 


15,601.00 


8,644.00 
5,387.00 


Duty 
collected. 


$5, 936. 35 
6, 164. 06 
1,304.75 
1,510.87 


4.871.72 

3,114.13 

540. 70 

314.70 

3,917.82 

4.20 

356. 64 


327. 30 


$36,916.58 

36,907.88 

42, 164. 83 

2,143.33 


34,682.83 

54,576.93 

17,548.40 

283.38 

1,718.25 

24,760.80 

122.64 

33.52 

309. 36 

89.52 


14,616.00 


6, 488. 79 
4,451.52  I 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


.188 
.164 
.198 
,189 


.190 
.214 
.225 
.155 
.206 
.243 
.066 


.366 


$0. 203 


.216 
.225 
.225 


.218 

.219 
.230 
.259 
.213 

.187 

.202 
.255 
.085 

.723 


.242 


.30 
.272 


Actual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


Per  cent. 
42.46 
49.15 
40.22 
42.29 


»  July  1,  to  Aug.  5,  1909,  under  act  of  1897. 

»  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  underact  of  1909. 

«  Oct.  4, 1913,  to  June  30, 1914,  under  act  of  1913. 


124 


TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


Plate  glass,  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough,  ground,  smoothed,  or  otherwise  obscured 
(excess  of  i  pound  per  square  foot  dutiable  at  same  rates) — Imports  for  consumption — 
Revenue — Continued . 


Fiscal  year — Con 
1910  2 


Rates  of  duty. 


Above    720    square 
inches. 


22i  cents  per  square 
foot. 

1911 do 

1912 1 do 

1913 ! do 

1914  < I  12  cents  per  square 

j     foot. 

1915 1 do 

1917 do 


1918 

Calendar  year: 
1919 


Fiscal  year: 
1907.... 


1908. 
1909. 


.do. 
.do. 


Above     24     by     60 
inches. 

35  cents  per  square 
foot. 

do 

do 


Quantity. 


Square  feet. 
15,705.53 

13,607.52 

24,805.00 

4,202.50 

225, 459  00 

3,339.00 

8.00 

129.00 

15,850  00 


6, 195. 00 

6, 185. 46 
796.00 


Value. 


$3,862.00 

3,130.00 

6, 424. 00 

1,170.00 

52, 775. 00 


Duty 
collected. 


$3, 533. 75 

3,061.70 

5,581.13 

945. 56 

27,055.08 


764.00  400.68 

8.00  1               .96 

64.00  '            15.48 

10,952.00  1,902.00 


1,613.00         2,168.25 


1,627.00 
306.00 


2,164.91 
278.60 


Value  per 

unit  of 
quantity. 


.\ctual  and 

computed 

ad  valorem 

rate. 


$0. 246 

.230 
.259 

.278 
.234 

.229 
1.00 
.496 

.691 


.26 


.263 
.384 


Per  cent. 
91.50 

97.82 
86.88 
80.82 
51.26 

52.45 
12.00 
24.19 

17.37 


133. 00 
91.05 


■'  Aug.  6,  1909,  to  June  30,  1910,  under  act  of  1909. 
•  Oct.  4,  1913,  to  June  30,  1914,  under  act  of  1913. 

Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  unsilvered — Domestic  exports  (fiscal  years). 


Exported  to- 

1910 

19111 

1912 

United  Kingdom 

Squarefeet. 
997 
2,845 
7,426 
7,3.36 
10,653 

$317 
1,981 
2,930 
3,057 
3,814 

Square  feet. 

Square  feet. 

40 

49, 575 

10,544 

151,093 

4,013 

18 

S12 

Canada . . . 

53,254 

18,6.33 

4,085 

4,644 

31 

79 

225 

599 

500 

$14,855 

6,183 

1,931 

1,887 

58 

49 

168 

386 

305 

15,616 

Central  American  States 

Mexico 

4,963 
24,607 

Cuba.....^ 

2,543 

Chile 

10 

Brazil 

Colombia 

246 

85 

82 
30 

1,486 
90 



727 

Venezuela... 

51 

Peru 

China. 

64 
4,093 

50 
1,289 

Philippines 

2,025 

1,550 

2,558 

47 

2,742 

858 

British  South  Africa 

28 

Another 

4,054 

1,466 

4,521 

2,311 

1,339 

Total 

37,799 

15,016 

88, 596 

29,683 

222,206 

50,754 

Exported  to — 

1913 

1914 

1915 

United  Kingdom         .  . 

Square  feet. 

240 

44,277 

10,920 

94,519 

3,421 

320 

892 

$90 

16,726 

6,350 

26,554 

2,075 

271 

565 

Square  feet. 

Squarefeet. 

1,154,101 

777, 196 

13, 227 

4,566 

86,980 

145, 868 

76 

5,648 

3,3.83 

920 

9,342 

909 

18,121 

454,076 

43,772 

2,785 

1,601 

1,680 

5,795 

$305, 25.'; 

Canada 

40, 163 
12,200 
10,821 
2,490 

$16,279 
6,400 
6,076 
1,551 

232, 875 

Central  American  States 

Mexico 

6,928 
2,717 

Cuba 

42,705 

50,903 

Chili 

282 

125 

2,010 

1,116 

176 

78 

1,015 

764 

47 

Brazil 

2,650 

718 
706 

490 
440 

1,753 

772 

Peru 

3,107 

China 

140 

100 

700 

Japan 

7,681 

50 

31 

154, 193 

New  Zealand 1 ^   

14,450 

Philippines 

British  South  Africa 

5,519 

3,270 

1,613 

991 

1,336 
575 

Hongkong 1 

295 

All  other 

3,457 

1,899 

3,997 

2,406 

2,875 

Total 

165, 129 

58, 830 

74,867 

35, 767 

2,730,046 

831,727 

Figures  for  1941  are  for  6  months  only,  January  to  June,  inclusive. 


TARIFF  INFORMATION   SURVEYS.  125 

Plate  glass,  cast,  polished,  unsilvered — Domestic  exports  (fiscal  years) — Continued. 


Exported  to — 


United  Kingdom 

Canada 

Central  American  States . 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Argentine 

Chili 

Brazil 

Colombia 

Venezuela 

Peru 

China 

Japan 

Aastralia 

New  Zealand 

Philippines 

British  South  Africa 

Hongkong 

All  other." 


Total 5,149,512 


1916 


1917 


Square 

1,228 

1,867 

24 

14 

245 

317 

158 

4o; 

8 
2 
2 

56 

305 

598 

200 

13 

16 

4o: 


fed. 
,074 
216 
831 
,348 
,627 
,169 
,738 
,151 
,311 
,534 
"48 
,158 
422 
,600 
,174 
925 
021 
990 
475 


$326,388 

507,184 

13,789 

7,928 

111,020 

104, 512 

69, 169 

19, 734 

5,086 

1,355 

1,265 

27, 873 

100, 379 

186,474 

56,384 

7,201 

6,187 

11,739 

4,514 


1,568,181 


Square  feet. 

175,485 

2,343,548 

34, 147 

44,193 

335, 484 

478,283 

35,963 

87,961 

22,993 

6,300 

3,652 

38,918 

788, 760 

1,318,828 

116,293 

19,998 

21,713 

198, 502 

46,934 


»50,385 

780, 815 

19, 494 

23, 134 

164,933 

163,046 

21,693 

39,752 

12,558 

3,721 

2,206 

15,003 

305, 134 

463,023 

36, 192 

11,705 

10, 157 

69,538 

30,840 


6,117,955  •    2,223,329 


1918 


Square  fcit. 

9,536 

2,337,101 

23, 798 

77, 623 

478, 208 

757, 270 

81,798 

163,955 

19, 782 

7,798 

61,066 

64,219 

828, 519 

442,508 

49.224 

15, 299 

20,020 

23,441 

95,554 


5, 556, 719 


$2,966 

904, 408 

14,865 

34, 120 

211,077 

354,818 

53,344 

98,785 

8,029 

4,597 

5,948 

31,325 

384,328 

243,822 

21,545 

8,778 

12,739 

9,221 

47,203 


2,451,918 


Plate  glass,  unsilvered — Domestic  exports  (calendar  years). 


Exported  to- 


All  Europe 

Canada 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Argentina 

Brazil 

Chile 

Uruguay 

Venezuela 

China 

Japan 

Australia 

New  Zealand 

Philippines 

British  South  Africa. 
All  other 


Total 6, 022, 083 


1918 


Square  feet. 

3,607 

1, 754, 784 

106, 729 

505,311 

851,914 

127,739 

208, 075 

55, 1S2 

12, 406 

44, 4a3 

1,128,576 

971,241 

38, 658 

31,874 

36, 692 

144,812 


$2,228 

761, 638 

54, 777 

283, 650 

501,180 

81,297 

156,410 

32, 588 

8,070 

29, 290 

459,661 

614, 195 

24, 409 

19, 526 

27, 397 

99,311 


3, 155, 627 


1919 


Square  feet. 

397, 770 

1,343,452 

66,967 

470, 930 

1,360,162 

354,386 

187, 122 

189, 772 

10, 772 

63, 067 

1,421,114 

861,592 

133, 871 

36, 305 

85, 888 

334, 929 


7,318,099 


$238, 222 

604, 868 

46,028 

329, 714 

796, 456 

272, 292 

129, 247 

129, 275 

12, 552 

50, S60 

717,372 

532, 622 

96, 574 

26,028 

64, 138 

175, 112 


4,221,360 


Polished  plate  glass,  average  wholesale  prices. 
[From  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics.] 


Year. 

For  glazing,  average 
price  per  square  foot. 

Area,  3  to 

5  square 

feet. 

Area,  5  to 

10  square 

feet. 

1905 

$0.  1975 
.2267 
.2300 
.1733 
.2017 
.2492 
.2250 
.2167 
.2367 
.2108 
.1867 
.2917 
.3400 
.3608 
.4625 
.7800 

$0.3050 

1906 

.3300 

1907 

.3400 

1908 

.2750 

1909 

.2817 

1910 

.3475 

1911 

.3158 

1912 

.2967 

1913 

.3183 

1914 

.2908 

1915 

.2533 

1916 

.3375 

1917 

.3925 

1918 

.4.525 

1919 

.5825 

October,  1920 

.8200 

126 


TAIUFK    INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


RATES    OF    DUTY. 
Cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered. 


Act  of— 

Par. 

Tariff  classification  or  description. 

Rates  of  duty  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 

1883 

115 
94 

104 

102 

88 

Cast,  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered,  not  exceeding  10  by  15 
inches  square. 

Above  that  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

3  cents  per  square  foot. 

5  cents  per  square  foot . 
8  cents  per  square  foot. 
25  cents  per  square  foot. 
50  cents  per  square  foot. 
5  cents  per  square  foot. 

8  cents  per  square  foot. 
25  cents  per  square  foot. 
50  cents  per  square  foot. 
5  cents  per  square  foot. 

8  cents  per  square  foot. 
22.V    cents    per   square 

foot. 
35  cents  per  square  foot. 
8  cents  per  square  foot. 

10  cents  per  square  foot. 
22-J   cents    per   square 

foot. 
35  cents  per  square  foot. 
10  cents  per  square  foot. 

1890 

Cast  polished  plate-glass,  finished  or  unfinished  and  unsilvered, 
not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

1894 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  finished  or  unfinished  and  unsilvered, 
not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

1897 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  finished  or  unfinished  and  unsilvered, 
not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  60  inches  square 

All  above  that 

1909 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  finished  or  unfinished  and  unsilvered, 
not  exceeding  3S!  square  inches 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches... 

12J    cents    per   square 

foot. 
22V   cents   per  square 

foot. 
6  cents  per  square  foot. 

8  cents  per  square  foot. 

All  above  that 

1913 

Cast  polished  plate  glass,  finished  or  unfinished  and  unsilvered, 
or  the  same  containing  a  wire  netting   within  itself,   not  ex- 
ceeding 3S4  square  inches. 
Above  that,  and  not  e.xceeding  720  square  inches 

All  I  bove  that 

12  cents  per  square  foot. 

TARIFF   INFORMATION   SURVEYS. 


127 


Fluted,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  iiot  ivduding  crovn,  cylwder,  or  covwwn  window 

glass. 


Act  of— 


Par. 


Tariff  classification  or  description. 


Rates  of  duty,  specific 
and  ad  valorem. 


1883 


139 


114 


1894. 


93 


1897 


103 


1909 


101 


1913 


87 


Fluted,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  not  including  crown,  cylin- 
der, or  co:nmon  window  glass,  not  exceeding  10  by  15  inches 
square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

All  above  that 

And  all  fhitod,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  weighing  over  100 
pounds  per  100  square  feet,  shall  pay  an  additional  duty  on 
the  excess  at  the  same  rates  herein  imposed. 
Fluted,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  not  including  crown,  cylin- 
der, or  common  window  glass,  not  exceeding  10  by  15  inches 
square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square 

.^bove  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

All  above  that 

And  all  fiutod,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  weighing  over  100 
pounds  per  100  square  feet,  shall  pay  an  additional  duty  on 
theexcessatthesamerateshereinimposed:  Provided, Tha,t 
all  of  the  above  plate  glass,  when  ground,  smoothed,  or 
otherwise  obscured,  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  rate  of 
duty  as  cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvcred. 
Fluted,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  not  including  croA^ii,  cylin- 
der, or  common  window  glass,  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches 
square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

All  above  that 

And  all  fluted,  rolled,  or  rough  plate  glass,  weighing  over  100 
pounds  per  100  square  feet,  shall  pay  an  additional  duty 
on  the  excess  at  the  same  rates  herein  imposed:  Provided, 
That  all  of  the  above  plate  glass,  when  ground,  smoothed, 
or  otherwise  obscured,  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  rate  of 
duty  as  cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered. 
Fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  glass,  or  the  same  contain- 
ing a  wire  netting  within  itself,  not  including  crown,  cylinder, 
or  common  window  glass,  not  exceeding  16  by  24  inches  square. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  24  by  30  inches  square 

All  above  that 

And  all  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  glass,  weighing 
over  100  pounds  per  100  square  feet ,  shall  pay  an  additional 
duty  on  the  excess  at  the  same  rates  herein  imposed:  Pro- 
vided, That  all  of  the  above  plate  glass,  when  ground, 
smoothed,  or  otherwise  obscured,  shall  be  subject  to  the 
same  rate  of  duty  as  cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered. 
Fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  glass,  or  the  same  contain- 
ing a  wire  netting  within  itself,  not  including  crown,  cylinder, 
or  common  window  glass,  not  exceeding  384  square  incites. 

Above  that,  and  not  exceeding  720  square  inches 

All  above  that 

And  all  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  glass,  weighing 
over  100  pounds  per  100  square  feet,  shall  pay  an  additional 
duty  on  the  excess  at  the  same  rates  herein  imposed:  Pro- 
vided, That  all  of  the  above  plate  glass,  when  ground, 
smoothed,  or  otherwise  obscured,  shall  be  subject  to  the 
same  rate  of  duty  as  cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilvered. 
Fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  glass,  or  the  same  contain- 
ing a  wire  netting  within  itself,  not  including  crown,  cylinder, 
or  common  window  glass,  not  exceeding  384  square  inches. 

All  above  that 

And  all  fluted,  rolled,  ribbed,  or  rough  plate  glass,  \\eighing 
over  100  pounds  per  100  square  feet,  shall  pay  an  additional 
duty  on  the  excess  at  the  same  rates  herein  imposed:  Pro- 
vided, That  all  of  the  above  plate  glass,  when  ground, 
smoothed,  or  otherwise  obscured,  shall  bo  subject  (n  (he 
same  rate  of  duty  as  cast  polished  plate  glass,  unsilxcrcd. 


75  cents  per  100  square 
feet. 

1  cent  per  square  foot, 
li  cents  per  square  foot . 

2  cents  per  square  foot. 


f  of  1  cent  per  square 
foot. 

1  cent  per  square  foot, 
licents  per  square  foot. 
2'cents  per  square  foot. 


I  of  1  cent  per  square 
foot. 

1  cent  per  square  foot 
Ik  centsper  square  foot. 


5  of  1  cent  per  square 
foot. 

1^  cents  per  square  foot. 
1|  cents  per  square  foot . 


1  of  1  cent  per  square 
foot. 

1  i  cents  per  squ are  foot . 
1 3  cents  per  square  foot. 


i  cent  per  square  foot. 
1  cent  per  square  foot. 


o 


cn..Tu.=r,H",l^®''^'*y  °'  California 
30<5  np  M^^n  -"^^'^^^L  LIBRARY  FACILITY 
305  De  Neve  Drive  -  Parking  Lot  17  .   Box  951388 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA  90095  1388     ^^ 


AA    001  192  280    4 


Universit 

Southe 

Libra 


